Fallout (series)

Fallout
Fallout series logo
Genres	Role-playing (1997–2001) Action role-playing (2004–present)
Developers	Interplay Entertainment Black Isle Studios Micro Forté Bethesda Game Studios Obsidian Entertainment
Publishers	Interplay Entertainment 14 Degrees East Bethesda Softworks
Platforms	DOS Microsoft Windows Mac OS Mac OS X PlayStation 2 PlayStation 3 PlayStation 4 Xbox Xbox 360 Xbox One iOS Android
Platform of origin	DOS, Windows, Mac OS
First release	Fallout September 30, 1997
Latest release	Fallout 4 November 10, 2015

Fallout is a series of post-apocalyptic role-playing video games. It was created by Interplay Entertainment. Although the series is set during the 22nd and 23rd centuries, its atompunk retrofuturistic setting and artwork are influenced by the post-war culture of 1950s America, and its combination of hope for the promises of technology, and lurking fear of nuclear annihilation. A forerunner for Fallout is Wasteland, a 1988 video game of which the Fallout series is regarded to be a spiritual successor. Although the game worlds are different, the background story, inhabitants, locations, and characters draw many parallels.

The first two titles in the series, Fallout and Fallout 2, were developed by Black Isle Studios. Micro Forté and 14 Degrees East's 2001 Fallout Tactics: Brotherhood of Steel is a tactical role-playing game. In 2004, Interplay closed Black Isle Studios,^[1] and continued to produce an action game with role-playing elements for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox, Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel without Black Isle Studios. A third entry in the main series, Fallout 3, was released in 2008 by Bethesda Softworks. It was followed by Fallout: New Vegas in 2010, developed by Obsidian Entertainment. Fallout 4 was announced on June 3, 2015, and was released on November 10, 2015.

Bethesda Softworks owns the rights to produce Fallout games.^[2] Soon after acquiring the rights to the intellectual property (IP), Bethesda licensed the rights to make a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) version of Fallout to Interplay. The MMORPG got as far as beta stage under Interplay,^[3] but a lengthy legal dispute between Bethesda Softworks and Interplay, with Bethesda claiming Interplay had not met the terms and conditions of the licensing contract ceased development. The case was decided in favor of Bethesda.^[4]

Main series

Timeline of release years

1997	Fallout
1998	Fallout 2
1999
2000
2001	Fallout Tactics: Brotherhood of Steel
2002
2003
2004	Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel
2005
2006
2007
2008	Fallout 3
2009
2010	Fallout: New Vegas
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015	Fallout Shelter
	Fallout 4

Fallout (1997)

Released in 1997, Fallout takes place in a post-apocalyptic Southern California, beginning in the year 2161. The protagonist, named the Vault Dweller, is tasked with recovering a water chip in the Wasteland to replace the broken one in their underground shelter home, Vault 13. Afterwards, the Vault Dweller must thwart the plans of a group of mutants, led by a grotesque entity named the Master. Fallout was originally intended to run under the GURPS role-playing game system. However, a disagreement with the creator of GURPS, Steve Jackson, over the game's violent content required Black Isle Studios to develop the new SPECIAL system.^[5] Fallout's atmosphere and artwork are reminiscent of post-WWII America and the nuclear paranoia that was widespread at that time.

Fallout 2 (1998)

Fallout 2 was released in 1998, with several improvements over the first game, including an improved game engine, the ability to set attitudes of non-player character (NPC) party members and the ability to push people who are blocking doors. Additional features included several changes to the game world, including significantly more pop culture jokes and parodies, such as multiple Monty Python-referencing special random encounters, and self-parodying dialogue that broke the fourth wall to mention game mechanics. Fallout 2 takes place eighty years after Fallout, and centers around a descendant of the Vault Dweller, the protagonist of Fallout. The player assumes the role of the Chosen One as they try to save their village, Arroyo, from severe famine and droughts. After saving the village, the Chosen One must save it again, this time from the Enclave, the remnants of the pre-war United States Government.

Fallout 3 (2008)

Fallout 3 was developed by Bethesda Game Studios and released on October 28, 2008. The story picks up thirty years after the setting of Fallout 2 and 200 years after the nuclear war that devastated the game's world.^[6] The player-character is a Vault-dweller in Vault 101 who is forced to flee when the Overseer tries to arrest them in response to their father leaving the Vault. Once free, the player is dubbed the Lone Wanderer and ventures into the Wasteland in and around Washington, D.C., known as the Capital Wasteland, to find their father. It differs from previous games in the series by utilizing 3D graphics, a free-roam gaming world, and real-time combat, in contrast to previous games' 2D isometric graphics and turn-based combat. It was developed simultaneously for the PC, Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 using the Gamebryo engine. It received highly positive reviews, garnering 94/100,^[7] 92/100,^[8] and 93/100^[9] averages scores on Metacritic for the PC, PS3 and Xbox 360 versions of the game, respectively. It won IGN's 2008 Overall Game of the Year Award, Xbox 360 Game of the Year, Best RPG, and Best Use of Sound, as well as E3's Best of the Show and Best Role Playing Game.

Fallout: New Vegas (2010)

Fallout: New Vegas was developed by Obsidian Entertainment and released on October 19, 2010.^[10] The development team included developers who previously worked on Fallout and Fallout 2.^[11][12] Fallout: New Vegas is not a direct sequel to Fallout 3;^[13][14] rather, it is a stand-alone product.^[13] Events in the game follow four years after Fallout 3 and offer a similar role-playing experience, but no characters from that game appear.^[14] The player assumes the role of a courier in the post-apocalyptic world of the Mojave Wasteland. As the game begins, the Courier is shot in the head and left for dead shortly before being found and brought to a doctor in the nearby town of Goodsprings, marking the start of the game and the Courier's search for their would-be murderer. The city of New Vegas is a post-apocalyptic interpretation of Las Vegas.

Fallout 4 (2015)

Fallout 4, developed by Bethesda Game Studios, was released on November 10, 2015. On June 3, 2015 the game's official website went live revealing the game along with its box art, platforms, and the first trailer.^[15] The game was released for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One and takes place in Boston, Massachusetts, of the in-game New England Commonwealth and features voiced protagonists.^{[16][17][18][19]} The Xbox One version has been confirmed to have mods as of 2016. Bethesda also confirmed mods for PlayStation 4, after lengthy negotiations with Sony. However, the PlayStation 4 mods are not able to utilize external files as of now.^[20]

Fallout 4 takes place in the year 2287, ten years after the events of Fallout 3. Fallout 4 's story begins on the day the bombs dropped: October 23, 2077. The player's character (voiced by either Brian T. Delaney or Courtenay Taylor), dubbed as the Sole Survivor, takes shelter in Vault 111, emerging exactly 210 years later, after being subjected to suspended animation.

Future

In 2012, Obsidian Entertainment expressed its interest in make a sequel to Fallout: New Vegas, entitled Fallout: New Vegas 2.^[21] After the sucess of Fallout 4, Obsidian had confirmed that their executives were looking the possibilities of a potential sequel to New Vegas.^[22]

In April 2016, voice actor Ryan Alosio confirmed that the pre-production of Fallout 5 had begun,^[23] and that voice actor Erik Todd Dellums had expressed interest in reprise his role as Three Dog from Fallout 3 in a potential fifth installment, just as Alosio expressed interest in reprise his role as Deacon from Fallout 4.^[24] Also, Bethesda had hinted that the tentative title of the fifth Fallout game could be Fallout: New Orleans.^[25]

Spin-off games

Fallout Tactics: Brotherhood of Steel (2001)

Tactics is the first Fallout game not to require the player to fight in a turn-based mode, and it is also the first to allow the player to customize the skills, perks, and combat actions of the rest of the party. Fallout Tactics focuses on tactical combat rather than role-playing; the new combat system included different modes, stances, and modifiers, but the player had no dialogue options. Most of the criticisms of the game came from its incompatibility with the story of the original two games, not from its gameplay. Fallout: Tactics includes a multiplayer mode that allows players to compete against squads of other characters controlled by other players. Unlike the previous two games, which are based in California, Fallout: Tactics takes place in the Midwestern United States. The game was released in early 2001 to generally favorable reviews.

Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel (2004)

Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel became the first Fallout game for consoles when it was released in 2004. It follows an initiate in the Brotherhood of Steel who is given a suicidal quest to find several lost Brotherhood Paladins. Brotherhood of Steel is an action role-playing game, representing a significant break from previous incarnations of the Fallout series in both gameplay and aesthetics. The game does not feature non-player characters that accompany the player in combat and uses heavy metal music, including Slipknot, Devin Townsend, and Killswitch Engage, which stands in contrast to the music of the earlier Fallout games, performed by The Ink Spots and Louis Armstrong. It was the last Fallout game to be developed by Interplay.

Fallout Shelter (2015)

Fallout Shelter is a simulation game for Microsoft Windows, iOS and Android. The player acts as Overseer and must build and manage a Vault and its dwellers, including sending them into the Wasteland on scouting missions or defending the Vault from attack. Fallout Shelter was first released for iOS on June 14, 2015, Android on August 13, 2015 and for PC on July 15, 2016.

Cancelled games

Fallout Extreme

Fallout Extreme was a title in development for several months in 2000 but was canceled due to a lack of a proper concept that could have been explored further.^[26]

Fallout Tactics 2

Fallout Tactics 2 was a proposed sequel to Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel, although it was originally conceived as a sequel to Wasteland, the video game that insppired the Fallout series. It was developed by Micro Forté, but the production was cancelled in December 2001 after the poorly sales of Fallout Tactics.^[27] The proposed plot contains some similarity to Fountain of Dreams, a post-apocalyptic game set in Florida where the player seeks to cut off a source of mutation.

Fallout 3 "Van Buren"

Van Buren was the code-name for the canceled version of Fallout 3 developed by Black Isle Studios and published by Interplay Entertainment. It featured an improved engine with real 3D graphics as opposed to sprites, new locations, vehicles, and a modified version of the SPECIAL system. The story disconnected from the Vault-Dweller/Chosen One bloodline in Fallout and Fallout 2. Plans for the game included the ability to influence the various factions. The game was cancelled in December 2003 when the budget cuts forced Interplay to dismiss the PC development team. Interplay subsequently sold the Fallout intellectual property to Bethesda Softworks, who began development on their own version of Fallout 3 unrelated to Van Buren. Main parts of the game were incorporated into Fallout 3 and its add-ons as well as Fallout: New Vegas.

Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel 2

Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel 2 is the canceled sequel to Brotherhood of Steel. The development of the game started before the completion of the original and its development caused the cancellation of Van Buren. Like its predecessor, the game would have used the Dark Alliance Engine. It was targeted for a Christmas 2004 release date.^[28] Like other Fallout games, the game would have used a reputation system, only simpler. The game would have featured fourteen new weapons and ten new enemies. Depending on whether the player is good or evil, the game would have played out differently. Each of the four characters that were playable would have had a different fighting style, therefore each time the player played the game, they would have a different experience. It would have had two player co-op action for players to experience the game with their friends. The Dark Alliance Engine would have been fleshed out and player experience would have been refined. A brand new sneak system would have been added to the game. This system would have allowed players to stealthily follow enemies or use a sniper rifle on them. For characters that could not use the sniper rifle, Interplay added a turret mode allowing those characters to use turrets.^[29]

Fallout Online

Fallout Online (previously known as Project V13) was a cancelled project by Interplay and Masthead Studios^[30] to develop a Fallout-themed massively multiplayer online game. It officially entered production in 2008,^[31] In 2009, Bethesda filed a lawsuit against Interplay regarding Project V13, claiming that Interplay has violated their agreement as development has not yet begun on the project.^[32] On January 2, 2012, Bethesda and Interplay reached a settlement, the terms of which include the cancellation of Fallout Online and transfer of all rights in the franchise to Bethesda.^[33] Since then, Project V13 has been revived as a completely different project called Mayan Apocalypse, unrelated to Fallout.

Series overview

Setting

The series is set in a fictionalized United States in an alternate history scenario that diverged from our reality in the first half of the 20th century, but the exact date is unknown. The transistor was not invented, while vacuum tubes and atomic physics became the cornerstones to scientific progress, eventually achieving the technological aspirations of the early Atomic Age and locking society into a 1950s cultural stasis. Thus, in this alternative atompunk "golden age", a bizarre socio-technological status quo emerges, in which advanced robots, nuclear-powered cars, directed-energy weapons, and other futuristic technologies are seen alongside 1950s-era computers and telephones. The United States divides itself into 13 commonwealths and the aesthetics and Cold War paranoia of the 1950s continue to dominate the American lifestyle well into the 21st century, leading to America becoming a fascist police state and ultimately abandoning its democratic ideals in favor of pure capitalism and a plutocratic system. Political dissidents were sent to prison camps where they were experimented on, and anyone who spoke out against the Enclave-controlled government, be they citizens or occupied Canadians, were executed en masse in the streets.

More than a hundred years before the start of the series, an energy crisis emerged caused by the depletion of petroleum reserves, leading to a period called the "Resource Wars" – a series of events which included a war between the European Commonwealth and the Middle East, the disbanding of the United Nations, the U.S. invasion of Mexico, as well as the annexation of Canada, and a Chinese invasion and subsequent military occupation of Alaska coupled with their release of the "New Plague" that devastated the American mainland. These eventually culminated in the "Great War" in the year 2077, a two-hour nuclear exchange on an apocalyptic scale, which subsequently created the post-apocalyptic United States, the setting of the Fallout world.

Vaults

Having foreseen this outcome decades earlier, the U.S. government began a nationwide project in 2054 to build fallout shelters known as "Vaults". The Vaults were ostensibly designed by the government contractor Vault-Tec as public shelters, financed by junk bonds and each able to support up to a thousand people. Around 400,000 vaults would have been needed, but only 122 were commissioned and constructed. Each Vault is self-sufficient, so they could theoretically sustain their inhabitants indefinitely. However, the Vault project was never intended as a viable method of repopulating the United States in such a deadly scenario. Instead, most Vaults were secret and unethical social experiments, and were designed to determine the effects of different environmental and psychological conditions on its inhabitants. Experiments were widely varied and included: A Vault with cloning technology, one where the equipment designed to make clothing failed immediately after closing, a Vault where its residents were kept in cryo-stasis, a Vault where its residents were exposed to psychoactive drugs, one where one resident (usually the Vault's current Overseer) must be sacrificed each year, a Vault with only one man and puppets, a Vault where its inhabitants were segregated, two with extremely disproportionate ratios of men and women, a Vault filled with compulsive gamblers who were only allowed to solve issues through gambling, a Vault where the inhabitants were exposed to the mutagenic Forced Evolutionary Virus (F.E.V.), and a Vault where the door never closed, exposing the inhabitants to dangerous amounts of radiation. A few control Vaults were made to function as advertised to contrast with the data from those Vaults with intentional flaws, but were usually shoddily made due to most of the funding going toward the experimental Vaults. Nevertheless, many Vaults had their experiments derailed due to unexpected events. Many of these Vaults were so self-destructive that by the time other survivors opened them, they were nothing but tombs.

Post-War conditions

In the years following the Great War, the United States has devolved into a post-apocalyptic environment commonly dubbed "the Wasteland". The War and subsequent nuclear Armageddon has severely depopulated the country, leaving large expanses of property decaying from neglect. In addition, virtually all food and water is irradiated and most life have mutated due to high radiation combined with a mutagenic bio-weapon that was accidentally released into the atmosphere during the Great War. With a large portion of the country's infrastructure in ruins, basic necessities are scarce. Barter is the common method of exchange, with bottle caps providing a more conventional form of currency. Most cities and towns are empty, having been looted and deserted in favor of smaller, makeshift communities scattered around the Wasteland.

Many humans who could not get into the Vaults survived the atomic blasts, but many of these, affected by the radiation, turned into so-called ghouls. While they were given an extended lifespan, many lost their hair and their skin decayed. Often, their voices became raspy, giving them a zombie-like appearance. Almost all ghouls resent their comparison to zombies and being called a zombie is viewed as a great insult by them. Many ghouls have a hatred for humans, either through jealousy or due to discrimination by the humans. Eventually, after being exposed to high levels of radiation, some turn into feral ghouls, who have completely lost their mind and attack anything on sight.

Factions

Although the Wastelands of the Fallout series are home to innumerable self-supporting groups, there are a number of factions who have a significant presence across the former United States. These factions are often the major players in the larger events of each game's primary storyline.

• The Brotherhood of Steel is a neo-knightly organization formed from the remnants of the United States military. The group is dedicated to the collection and preservation of Pre-War knowledge and technology and is noted for its extensive use of high-tech "power armor", sometimes putting technology above human life. Seen as elitist, the Brotherhood believes that anyone outside their ranks is incapable of handling the power of Old World technology, bringing them into conflict with other factions. There are significant divisions within the Brotherhood over how to carry out their ideology, however, and with most groups isolated from each other geographically they have evolved in different directions. On the East Coast, in the D.C. area (also known as the Capital Wasteland), the Brotherhood takes on the form of protectors of the Wastes, defending human settlements from Super Mutants and helping to distribute clean water throughout the region. In the Mojave region, the Brotherhood is radically isolationist and has warred with the NCR. The Commonwealth region branch, which is a detachment from the East Coast, also protects the local human survivors from Super Mutants and other threats but acts more like an occupying army.
• The Enclave is an organization composed of the shattered remnants of the U.S. federal government and acts as the main antagonist in Fallout 2 and Fallout 3. They have access to superior technology available before the War, such as plasma weaponry, Vertibirds, and have developed a new platform of power armor off the pre-War T-51, dubbed "advanced power armor" (or X-01), and later developing "Hellfire armor". Their main goal (in Fallout 2 and Fallout 3) was to wipe out all mutation in the Wasteland so that they can restore the pre-War U.S. of old, which, given the pervasive radiation and background FEV virus, which is almost every living thing in the Wasteland besides themselves, due to their genetic "purity".
• The New California Republic, shortened NCR, is a constitutional republic and is the largest faction in the wasteland in terms of landmass and population. The NCR bears resemblance to the pre-War United States with a commitment to "old world values". Originating in Shady Sands, California by a group of survivors of Vault 15, the NCR has expanded and taken holdings in Nevada, Oregon, Baja California, and New Mexico along the Colorado River. Despite being democratic and generally socially tolerant, the NCR is also highly militarized and is keen to annex any territory they deem advantageous. Though not nearly as vicious in its conquests as their rivals in Caesar's Legion, the NCR does have a history of violence against locals who oppose annexation, such as the Great Khans of the Mojave. The NCR holds Hoover Dam during the start of Fallout: New Vegas.^[34]
• The Church of the Children of Atom is a religious organization with groups scattered all across the Wasteland. The group worships a deity named Atom as well as radiation which they refer to as His "Glow", seeing nuclear weapons as physical manifestations of Atom and thus treating them as objects of worship. Members often intentionally expose themselves to high levels of radiation and many are ill and/or physically affected as a result, while others have developed high levels of tolerance to radiation. The groups located in the Capital Wasteland are small and generally peaceful while in the Commonwealth their religion has grown larger and more fanatical.
• Caesar's Legion is one of the main antagonists of Fallout: New Vegas and is a totalitarian dictatorship. Ruled by Caesar (real name Edward Sallow), a former member of the Followers of the Apocalypse who went native after developing brain cancer. He originated the legion in Arizona and later expanded it into Colorado and parts of Utah, eventually conquering 87 different human tribes. Basing its culture and ideals on those of the historic Roman Empire, the Legion has relentlessly expanded its borders, enslaving the people it encounters and forcibly assimilating them to Caesar's ideology, obliterating their native cultures in the process. The Legionnaires willingly reject most modern technology (save for that involved in armaments) and their society is based on a strict caste system. Men must become Legion warriors and wear approximations of ancient Roman armor. Women have no rights and are forced into servitude, mostly for housework and reproduction. Despite its brutality, some wasteland survivors appreciate the Legion for bringing order to previously savage regions that other factions, like the NCR, have ignored.
• The Followers of the Apocalypse are a loosely organized collective dedicated to humanitarian work and the recovery, preservation and dissemination of knowledge. Originating in the town of Boneyard in the NCR, they can be found throughout the Western regions, often running medical clinics. They are frequently considered "anarchist rebels" by various factions (chiefly the NCR) due to their lack of loyalty to any specific government. Despite this label, the Followers are a nonviolent group and frequently assist the player characters in their travels.
• Mr. House is one of the main antagonists of Fallout: New Vegas and the owner and proprietor of New Vegas, the Post-War version of Las Vegas. Before the war, he was the founder and CEO of RobCo., the company that designed and manufactured most of the robots and computers found throughout the Wasteland. He had predicted the Great War well before it happened and spent 12 years developing a plan to save his home city of Las Vegas from destruction. Though he managed to save most of the Vegas Strip, radiation from nearby bombs devastated the surrounding area. Hoping to guide human progress after the apocalypse, House used his scientific innovations to extend his life and eventually rebuild Las Vegas into New Vegas. At the start of Fallout: New Vegas, Mr. House rules the Strip as a "benevolent dictator" (as he puts it) with the aid of local human survivors and an army of robots called Securitrons, believing the War had proven democracy to be too flawed to ever work. He is formally allied with the NCR and plays it off against the Legion in order to prevent either one from being able to annex New Vegas. Mr. House is loosely based on Howard Hughes.
• Raiders is a generic term for roving bands of human cutthroats and bandits, though in some areas the various groups are organized, such as the Fiends. Raiders are typically hostile, aggressive, and quite sadistic, having descended to a level of brute savagery. They are generally depicted like the gangs in the Mad Max films, wearing odd assortments of leather and metal scrap as armor. Raiders are often drug-addicted and sometimes cannibalistic.
• The Super Mutants are a type of mutation resulting from infection of the "Forced Evolutionary Virus", which turns humans into hulking and sterile creatures. They are not a single unitary faction, merely bands of mutants. The Mariposa super mutants were uncommonly found throughout southern California until the remnants of the Master's Army were driven west by the Brotherhood of Steel, across the Rockies. The subtype of these mutants is the Nightkin. While the Vault 87 super mutants are bands of mutants in the Capital Wasteland (the area surrounding Washington, D.C.) they are not affiliated with any other super mutants. Likewise the Institute super mutants are bands of cannibalistic (they are a human subtype) raiders. Killing and consuming all those they overwhelm in the Commonwealth.
• The Unity was the name of the Master's idealized vision of humanity, as well as his own organization, including the Master's Army and the Children of the Cathedral. The former being his army of super mutants, and the latter being the cult. Created to subvert, reconnaissance, and indoctrinate wastelanders into the Master's unity. They are the main antagonists of the original Fallout game.
• The Institute is an advanced scientific organization first referenced in a side quest in Fallout 3 and appears as a main faction in Fallout 4 and is the main antagonist in the game. They have arose from surviving scientists and professors at the Commonwealth Institute of Technology, abbreviated C.I.T. and an in-game analog of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The people of the Institute originally had tried to help the people of the Commonwealth, but tensions between them and wastelanders caused them to give up on the post-apocalyptic Wasteland and thinks of it as a lost cause and live underground in isolation, sending out androids they have created known as synths to infiltrate and monitor above ground society. Newer models of synths are so advanced that they can pass for human beings, including the development of free will and a desire to escape. The Institute will also sometimes send an envoy to the surface to recruit promising minds to join the Institute underground in their mission to advance science, believing that they represent humanity's best chance of long-term survival; however, they are not trusted by Wastelanders, who are suspicious of their activities and believe that their pursuit of scientific research without ethics is dangerous.
• The Railroad is a covert organization formed to aid synths desiring to escape the Institute. The name is based on that of the Underground Railroad, which aided African Americans seeking to escape slavery in the Southern United States. The Railroad smuggles synths out of the Institute, then supplies them for their new lives in the Wasteland, and usually out of the Commonwealth. Due to high levels of suspicion and prejudice against synths in the Wasteland, as well as antagonism from the Institute, the Railroad operates under great secrecy.
• The Gunners are the largest mercenary group in the Commonwealth and are a military-themed, well-organized and equipped group of for-hire killers with their own customs and signage who control numerous large strongholds in and around the Boston area. They were responsible for the dissolution of the Commonwealth Minutemen during the Quincy Massacre. In 2287, Quincy remains one of their key bases of operations.
• The Minutemen is a loosely-organized citizen militia based in the Commonwealth, modeled after its namesake group in colonial-era New England that fought in the American Revolution. This iteration's goal is to protect settlements from various dangers such as raiders, Super Mutants, and ghouls, and to unite them under one banner to make the Commonwealth a better place to live.

Influences

Fallout draws from 1950s pulp magazine science fiction and superhero comic books, all rooted in Atomic Age optimism of a nuclear-powered future, though gone terribly awry by the time the events of the game take place. The technology is retro-futuristic, with various Raygun Gothic machines such as laser weaponry and boxy Forbidden Planet-style robots. Computers use vacuum tubes instead of transistors, architecture of ruined buildings feature Art Deco and Googie designs, energy weapons resemble those used by Flash Gordon, and what few vehicles remain in the world are all 1950s-styled. Fallout's other production design, such as menu interfaces, are similarly designed to resemble advertisements and toys of the Atomic Age. Advertising in the game such as billboards and brochures has a distinct 1950s motif and feel. The lack of retro-stylization was a common reason for criticism in spin-off games.

A major influence was A Boy and His Dog, where the main character Vic and his dog Blood scavenge the desert of the Southwestern United States, stealing for a living and evading bands of marauders, berserk androids, and mutants. It "inspired Fallout on many levels, from underground communities of survivors to glowing mutants."^[35] Other film influences include the Mad Max series, with its depiction of a post-apocalyptic wasteland. In the first game, one of the first available armors is a one-sleeved leather jacket that resembles the jacket worn by Mel Gibson in Mad Max 2: The Road Warrior.^[36]

Gameplay

SPECIAL

Fallout Tactics' character creation uses the SPECIAL system.

SPECIAL is a character creation and statistics system developed specifically for the Fallout series. SPECIAL is an acronym, representing the seven attributes used to define Fallout characters: Strength, Perception, Endurance, Charisma, Intelligence, Agility and Luck. SPECIAL is heavily based on GURPS, which was originally intended to be the character system used in the game.

The SPECIAL system involves the following sets of key features:

• Attributes (listed above) represent a character's core, inbred abilities. Attributes stay largely constant throughout the game, though they can be temporarily affected by drugs, altered indefinitely by conditions such as the wearing of Power Armor, the presence of certain NPCs or eye damage received in a critical hit, or permanently changed at certain points in the game through use of certain items or by taking certain perks.
• Skills represent a character's chance of successfully performing a group of specific tasks (such as firing a gun, or picking a lock). They are represented as percentages, though these percentages can extend well beyond the expected maximum of 100%, at increased cost for skills over 100%. The SPECIAL stats continually add bonuses to skills. This is done passively, i.e. if the SPECIAL stats change, the bonuses are automatically and instantly adjusted. Skill Points that are earned each time the character levels up can be used to raise skill percentage. At character creation, the player also selects three Tag Skills — Skills which can be increased at multiples of the normal rate, starting at one skill point per 2% skill at under 101% skill.

The SPECIAL system has thus far been used in the role-playing video game Fallout, Fallout 2 and Fallout Tactics: Brotherhood of Steel. A heavily modified version of the system was used for Fallout 3, Fallout: New Vegas and Fallout: Warfare, a tabletop battle game available on the Fallout Tactics bonus CD. Fallout Shelter, the first mobile game in the series, also uses a form of SPECIAL.

Aside from Fallout games, modified versions of SPECIAL were also used in Lionheart: Legacy of the Crusader (also referred to as Fallout Fantasy early in production), a fantasy role-playing video game that involved spirits and magic in addition to the traditional SPECIAL features, as well as the cancelled project Black Isle's Torn.

The Pip-Boy and Vault Boy

The Fallout series' look and feel is well represented in the user interface of the Pip-Boy computer, and the frequent occurrences of the Vault Boy character, here illustrating the Bloody Mess Perk.

The Pip-Boy (Personal Information Processor-Boy) is an iconic wrist-computer given to the player early in Fallout, Fallout 2, Fallout 3, Fallout: New Vegas and Fallout 4 which serves various roles in quest, inventory, and battle management, as well as presenting player statistics. The model present in Fallout and Fallout 2 is identified as a Pip-Boy 2000, and both games feature the very same unit, used first by the Vault Dweller and later inherited by the Chosen One. Fallout Tactics contains a modified version of the 2000 model, called Pip-Boy 2000BE, while Fallout 3 and Fallout: New Vegas uses a Pip-Boy 3000. Fallout: New Vegas also has a golden version of it, called the Pimp-Boy 3Billion that is given to the player as a reward for completing a quest in a certain way. Fallout 4 contains a modified version of the 3000, called the Pip-Boy 3000 Mark IV.

The Vault Boy character^[37] is Vault-Tec's mascot, and is a frequently recurring element in Vault-Tec-related items in the world. This includes the Pip-Boy, where Vault Boy illustrates all of the character statistics and selectable attributes. From Bethesda's Fallout 3 onward Vault Boy models all of the clothing and weaponry as well.^[38]

Tabletop games

Fallout: Warfare

Fallout: Warfare is a tabletop wargame based on the Fallout Tactics storyline, using a simplified version of the SPECIAL system. The rulebook was written by Christopher Taylor, and was available on the Fallout Tactics bonus CD, together with cut-out miniatures. Fallout: Warfare features five distinct factions, vehicles, four game types and 33 different units. The rules only require ten-sided dice. The modifications to the SPECIAL system allow every unit a unique set of stats and give special units certain skills they can use, including piloting, doctor, and repair. A section of the Fallout: Warfare manual allows campaigns to be conducted using the Warfare rules. The game is currently available for free online from fansite No Mutants Allowed and several other sources. It has also been chosen for many awards and won game of the year.

Exodus

Exodus is a role-playing game published by Glutton Creeper Games using the d20 Modern/OGL system. At the beginning of the development this game was known as Fallout: Pen and Paper - d20 however all connections to Fallout were dropped after a legal dispute with Bethesda.

Film adaptation

In 1998, Interplay Entertainment founded Interplay Films to make films based on its properties, like Descent and Redneck Rampage, and that a Fallout movie was one of their first projects. In 2000, Interplay confirmed that a movie based on the original Fallout game was in production with Mortal Kombat: Annihilation screenwriter Brent V. Friedman attached to write a film treatment and with Dark Horse Entertainment attached to produce it.^[39] However, the division was later disbanded with any film produced.

In 2009, Bethesda Softworks expressed its interest in produce a Fallout movie.^[40] Following four extensions of the trademark with any use, Bethesda filed a "Statement of Use" with the USPTO in January 2012.^[41] In February 2012, instead than a Fallout film, it was made a special feature entitled "Making of Fallout 3 DVD", ^[42] which was accepted as a movie on March 27 of the same year.^[43] This action removed the requirement to continue to re-register that mark indefinitely. In the DVD commentary of Mutant Chronicles, voice actor Ron Perlman stated that if a Fallout movie was made, he would like to reprise his role as the Narrator from Fallout 3. In 2016, Todd Howard stated that Bethesda had turned down the offers of make a film based on Fallout, but that he didn't rule out the possibility.^[44]

Legal action

Interplay was threatened with bankruptcy and sold the full Fallout franchise to Bethesda, but kept the rights to the Fallout MMO through a back license in April 2007 and began work on the MMO later that year. Bethesda Softworks sued Interplay Entertainment for copyright infringement on September 8, 2009, regarding the Fallout Online license and selling of Fallout Trilogy and sought an injunction to stop development of Fallout Online and sales of Fallout Trilogy. Key points that Bethesda were trying to argue is that Interplay did not have the right to sell Fallout Trilogy on the Internet via Steam, Good Old Games or other online services. Bethesda also said that "full scale" development on Fallout Online was not met and that the minimum financing of 30 million of "secured funding" was not met. Interplay launched a counter suit claiming that Bethesda's claims were meritless and that it did have the right to sell Fallout Trilogy via online stores via its contract with Bethesda. Interplay also claimed secure funding had been met and the game was in full scale development by the cut off date. Interplay argued to have the second contract that sold Fallout voided which would result in the first contract that licensed Fallout to come back into effect. This would mean that Fallout would revert to Interplay. Bethesda would be allowed to make Fallout 5. Bethesda would also have to pay 12% of royalties on Fallout 3, Fallout: New Vegas, Fallout 4 and expansions plus interest on the money owed. On December 10, 2009, Bethesda lost the first injunction.^[45]

Bethesda shortly afterward tried a new tactic and fired its first lawyer, replacing him and filing a second injunction, claiming that Interplay had only back licensed the name Fallout but no content. Interplay has countered showing that the contract states that they must make Fallout Online that has the look and feel of Fallout and that in the event Interplay fails to meet the requirements (30 million minimum secure funding and "full scale" development by X date) that Interplay can still release the MMO but they have to remove all Fallout content. The contract then goes on to list all Fallout content as locations, monsters, settings and lore. Bethesda has known that Interplay would use Fallout elements via internet emails shown in court documents and that the contract was not just for the name.^[46] The second injunction by Bethesda was denied on August 4, 2011 by the courts. Bethesda then appealed the denial of their second preliminary injunction. Bethesda then sued Masthead Studios and asked for a restraining order against the company. Bethesda was denied this restraining order before Masthead Studios could call a counter-suit.^[47] Bethesda then lost its appeal of the second injunction.^[48]

Bethesda then filed motion in limine against Interplay. Interplay then filed a motion in limine against Bethesda the day after. Shortly after, the trial by jury which Bethesda requested on October 26, 2010 was changed to a trial by court because the APA contract (aka the second contract that sold Fallout to Bethesda) stated that all legal matters would be resolved via a trial by court and not a trial by jury. The trial by court began on December 12. In 2012, in a press conference Bethesda revealed that in exchange for 2 million dollars, Interplay gave to them full rights for Fallout Online. Interplay's rights to sell and merchandise Fallout, Fallout 2 and Fallout Tactics: Brotherhood of Steel expired on December 31, 2013.

Reception and legacy

Aggregate review scores

Game	Year	Metacritic
Fallout	1997	89/100[49]
Fallout 2	1998	86/100[50]
Fallout Tactics: Brotherhood of Steel	2001	82/100[51]
Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel	2004	PS2: 64/100[52] XBOX: 66/100[53]
Fallout 3	2008	PC: 91/100[54] PS3: 90/100[55] X360: 93/100[56]
Fallout: New Vegas	2010	PC: 84/100[57] PS3: 82/100[58] X360: 84/100[59]
Fallout Shelter	2015	71/100[60]
Fallout 4	2015	PC: 84/100[61] PS4: 87/100[62] XONE: 88/100[63]

The Fallout series has been met with positive reception. The highest rated title is Fallout 3 according to review aggregator Metacritic.

Controversy and fandom

Fallout 3 is not a Fallout game. It's not even a game inspired by Fallout, as I had hoped. It's a game that contains a loose assortment of familiar Fallout concepts and names ... Electricity, pre-war electronic equipment, powered and still working computers (just think about that for a second), working cola & snack machines, weapons, ammo, scrap metal (needed by many), and even unlooted first aid boxes are everywhere.

—Vince D. Weller, long-time No Mutants Allowed member, former RPG news site director, and lead developer of The Age of Decadence^[64][65]

Not all fans are happy with the direction the Fallout series has taken since its acquisition by Bethesda Softworks. Notorious for their vitriolic support of the series' first two games, Fallout and Fallout 2,^[66][67] members centered around one of the oldest Fallout fansites, No Mutants Allowed, have cried foul over departures from the original games' stories, gameplay mechanics and setting.^[67] Minor criticisms include the prevalence of unspoiled food after 200 years, the survival of wood-framed dwellings following a nuclear blast, and the ubiquity of Super Mutants at early levels in the game.^[67] More serious criticisms involve the quality of the game's writing, a perceived lack of verisimilitude, the switch to a first-person action game format, and the reactiveness of the surrounding game world to player actions.^[67][68][69] In response, Jim Sterling of Destructoid has called fan groups like No Mutants Allowed "selfish" and "arrogant"; stating that a new audience deserves a chance to play a Fallout game; and that if the series had stayed the way it was back in 1997, new titles would never have been made and brought to market.^[64] Luke Winkie of Kotaku tempers these sentiments, saying that it is a matter of ownership; and that in the case of Fallout 3, hardcore fans of the original series witnessed their favorite games become transformed into something else and that they are "not wrong" for having grievances.^[67]

References

1. "Q&A: Feargus Urquhart, Part One". GameSpot.com. October 28, 2008. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
2. "Contract between Bethesda and Interplay Entertainment Corp". April 9, 2007. Retrieved May 16, 2007.
3. "Beta Status for Fallout Online". Betawatcher.com. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
4. "Bethesda acquires Fallout MMO rights". Gameinformer.com. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
5. "IGN Presents the History of Fallout". IGN. January 28, 2009. p. 3. Retrieved January 30, 2009.
6. "FAQ". Bethesda Softworks. May 5, 2008. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
7. "Fallout 3 PC Reviews at Metacritic". Metacritic. Retrieved November 7, 2008.
8. "Fallout 3 PS3 Reviews at Metacritic". Metacritic. Retrieved November 7, 2008.
9. "Fallout 3 Xbox 360 Reviews at Metacritic". Metacritic. Retrieved November 7, 2008.
10. "Fallout: New Vegas Release Date Announced". News.filefront.com. Retrieved January 19, 2012.
11. http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/printedition/life/20100216/fallout16_st.art.htm
12. http://www.joystiq.com/2009/04/20/fallout-new-vegas-coming-to-consoles-next-year/
13. Tong, Sophia (May 4, 2010). "Fallout: New Vegas Interview: Josh Sawyer" (Video). GameSpot.
14. Snider, Mike (February 16, 2010). "What happens in 'Fallout: New Vegas'". USATODAY.com. Retrieved February 16, 2010.
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22. http://www.crossmap.com/news/fallout-new-vegas-2-release-date-29514
23. https://gamerant.com/fallout-5-pre-production-rumor-257/
24. http://fraghero.com/report-leak-confirms-fallout-5-development-pre-production-already-begun/
25. http://gamingbolt.com/fallout-5-what-is-next-for-bethesda-after-fallout-4
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28. "Brotherhood of Steel Part 2". Retrieved July 21, 2011.
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31. Zombie, Garbled (April 10, 2008). "Interplay returns; brings Fallout MMO". StuffWeLike.com. Retrieved April 10, 2008.
32. Brennan, Colin (September 11, 2009). "Bethesda and Interplay lock legal horns over Fallout MMO". Massively.com. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
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39. http://www.nma-fallout.com/content.php?page=news-archive-08-2000
40. http://tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=77663852&caseType=SERIAL_NO&searchType=statusSearch
41. http://tsdr.uspto.gov/documentviewer?caseId=sn77663852&docId=SOU20120127150953USPTO
42. http://tsdr.uspto.gov/documentviewer?caseId=sn77663852&docId=ASU20120222054751#docIndex=2&page=1
43. http://tsdr.uspto.gov/documentviewer?caseId=sn77663852&docId=ORC20120327001013#docIndex=0&page=1
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45. "Bethesda-Fallout Lawsuit". Retrieved June 21, 2011.
46. "New Turn in Interplay-Bethesda Lawsuit". Retrieved June 28, 2011.
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48. Goldfarb, Andrew (October 26, 2011). "Bethesda Appeal Denied". Retrieved October 29, 2011.
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51. "Fallout Tactics: Brotherhood of Steel for PC Reviews". Metacritic. Archived from the original on July 16, 2016. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
52. "Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel for PlayStation 2 Reviews". Metacritic. Archived from the original on July 16, 2016. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
53. "Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel for Xbox Reviews". Metacritic. Archived from the original on July 16, 2016. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
54. "Fallout 3 for PC Reviews". Metacritic. Archived from the original on July 16, 2016. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
55. "Fallout 3 for PlayStation 3 Reviews". Metacritic. Archived from the original on July 16, 2016. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
56. "Fallout 3 for Xbox 360 Reviews". Metacritic. Archived from the original on July 16, 2016. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
57. "Fallout: New Vegas for PC Reviews". Metacritic. Archived from the original on July 16, 2016. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
58. "Fallout: New Vegas for PlayStation 3 Reviews". Metacritic. Archived from the original on July 16, 2016. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
59. "Fallout: New Vegas for Xbox 360 Reviews". Metacritic. Archived from the original on July 16, 2016. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
60. "Fallout Shelter for iPhone/iPad Reviews". Metacritic. Archived from the original on July 16, 2016. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
61. "Fallout 4 for PC Reviews". Metacritic. Archived from the original on July 16, 2016. Retrieved July 1, 2016.
62. "Fallout 4 for PlayStation 4 Reviews". Metacritic. Archived from the original on July 16, 2016. Retrieved July 1, 2016.
63. "Fallout 4 for Xbox One Reviews". Metacritic. Archived from the original on July 16, 2016. Retrieved July 1, 2016.
64. Sterling, Jim (February 20, 2010). "Videogame 'fans' need to shut up about everything". Destructoid. Retrieved December 20, 2015.
65. Gillen, Kieron (February 1, 2008). "Against RPG Decadence: Vince D. Weller Interview". Rock, Paper, Shotgun.
66. BLANCATO, JOE (June 19, 2007). "Gaming's Fringe Cults". The Escapist. Defy Media LLC. Retrieved December 20, 2015.
67. Winkie, Luke (September 29, 2015). "The Relentless Champions Of Classic Fallout". Kotaku. Retrieved December 20, 2015.
68. Gillen, Kieron (January 8, 2008). "Games for 2008: Fallout 3". Rock, Paper, Shotgun. Retrieved December 20, 2015.
69. Williams, Mike (June 3, 2015). "Vault-111 Opens in Boston: Fallout 4 is Coming to PC, PS4, and Xbox One". US Gamer. Gamer Network. Retrieved December 21, 2015.

External links

• Official website
• The Vault, the Fallout wiki
• Nukapedia, a Fallout wiki