Washington Memorial Chapel

Washington Memorial Chapel
Church
Country United States
State Pennsylvania
County Montgomery
Location PA Route 23
(Port Kennedy Road)
Valley Forge, PA 19481
 - coordinates 40°06′16.3″N 75°26′16.6″W / 40.104528°N 75.437944°W / 40.104528; -75.437944Coordinates: 40°06′16.3″N 75°26′16.6″W / 40.104528°N 75.437944°W / 40.104528; -75.437944
Area 7.8 acres (3.2 ha)
Style
Architect
Builder
Cornerstone laid
Construction start
Exterior completed
Interior completed 		Gothic Revival
Milton B. Medary
Horace H. Burrell[1]
1903
1912
1917
1921
Owner Episcopal Diocese of Pennsylvania
Website: Washington Memorial Chapel

Washington Memorial Chapel — located on Pennsylvania Route 23 in Valley Forge National Historical Park — is both a national memorial dedicated to General George Washington and an active Episcopal parish in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania.[2] The church was inspired by a sermon preached by Reverend Dr. W. Herbert Burk, founder and first rector of the parish.[3] The building was designed by architect Milton B. Medary.[4]

History

Medary's original plan (1908).
Completed interior in 1921.

Reverend Burk was rector of an Episcopal church in nearby Norristown. The money for the chapel was raised in small increments (nickels and dimes), and its stone walls were built a "few feet at a time."[2] In the religious and patriotic zeal of the day, Dr. Burk was active in trying to preserve Valley Forge, and in the establishment of the Valley Forge Museum of American History (the predecessor to the Valley Forge Historical Society).[2]

On June 19, 1903, the 125th anniversary of the evacuation of the Continental Army from Valley Forge,[2] the cornerstone was laid on property donated by the I. Heston Todd family. A small wood-framed building nearby preceded the present structure. Following President Theodore Roosevelt's visit to the site and address in 1904, the original wooden building was named the "Theodore Roosevelt Chapel." It was demolished after completion of the present chapel.[5]

The Chapel's exterior was completed in 1917 and its interior in 1921. It serves as a wayside chapel to those who visit Valley Forge National Historical Park, and welcomes visitors from all over the world.[5]

Noted ironsmith Samuel Yellin produced the wrought iron gates, hardware & locks. He was one of many artisans to produce sculptures, stonework, stained glass and metal work.[6] The interior woodwork was supplied by Belgian-American cabinetmaker Edward Maene (1852–1931).[7]

From the visitor's perspective the Chapel, with its central location, can appear to be a part of the park. However, the Chapel and surrounding property belong to the Episcopal Church. Across Valley Forge Park Road (formerly, Port Kennedy Road), standing opposite from the Chapel, is the builder's model of the Washington Monument. This obelisk marks the grave of Lieutennant John Waterman. The original Waterman gravestone had been on display in the visitor's center museum. The Bell Tower houses the DAR Patriot Rolls, listing those that served in the Revolutionary War, and the Chapel grounds host the World of Scouting Museum.[8]

National Patriots Bell Tower and Carillon

The National Patriots Bell Tower[9] was a later addition to the Chapel, and houses its carillon. The 102 ft (31 m) tower was built entirely with funds raised by members of the National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) over a period of more than a decade.[10] Construction began in 1941, but was suspended due to World War II, and restarted in 1949.[11] The bell tower was completed and dedicated in 1953.

The Justice Bell (aka The Women's Liberty Bell) is located in the chamber of the bell tower. This Liberty Bell replica was forged in 1915 and became an instrumental symbol of the Women's Suffrage movement. In 1920, after touring many parts of the country to promote the passing of the 19th Amendment, the bell was stored on the grounds of Valley Forge National Park and became permanently housed in the bell tower chamber, beginning in 1943.[4]

It contains a traditional carillon, with a keyboard of 58 bells. The first 14 bells (from the Meneely Bell Foundry) were installed in a temporary wooden tower in 1926, and the number of bells expanded over the course of three decades. Fifty-six bells were installed in the bell tower in 1953, and expanded to 58 bells in 1963 with two bells from the Fonderie Paccard in France.[9]

Features

Stained glass

Church furniture

Sculpture

Other media

References

  1. ↑ Horace H. Burrell – Projects, from Philadelphia Architects and Buildings.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Washington Memorial Chapel". Valley Forge FAQs. ushistory.org. Retrieved 2006-11-04.
  3. ↑ Treese, Lorett (1995). "A Struggle for Growth and Professionalism at the Washington Memorial". Valley Forge: Making and Remaking a National Symbol. The Pennsylvania State University Press. Retrieved 2006-11-04.
  4. 1 2 "Washington Memorial Chapel & Bell Tower". Philadelphia Architects and Buildings. Retrieved 2006-11-04.
  5. 1 2 "About the Chapel". Washington Memorial Chapel. Retrieved 2006-11-04.
  6. ↑ "Washington Memorial Chapel & Bell Tower: Chronology". Philadelphia Architects and Buildings. Retrieved 2006-11-04.
  7. ↑ Lita Solis-Cohen, "Winterthur’s Philadelphia Furniture Forum: What Was Learned?" Furniture News, March 5, 2014.
  8. ↑ "About The Museum". World of Scouting Museum. Retrieved 2006-11-04.
  9. 1 2 "VALLEY FORGE : USA - PA". Traditional carillons in North America: index by state/province. Guild of Carillonneurs in North America (GCNA). 2006-06-01. Retrieved 2006-11-04. line feed character in |publisher= at position 23 (help); External link in |work= (help)
  10. ↑ "Work of the Society". About the DAR. National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution. Retrieved 2006-11-04.
  11. ↑ Shelley, p. 33.
  12. ↑ Anthony Wayne Window, from Washington Memorial Chapel
  13. ↑ "Memorials – Pews of the Patriots," Washington Memorial Chapel (Summer 2016), brochure available at chapel.
  14. ↑ Sacrifice and Devotion, from Bela Lyon Pratt
  15. ↑ Howarth, Shirley Reiff, C. Paul Jennewein: Sculptor, The Tampa Museum of Art, Tampa, Florida, 1980, p.138

Resources

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Washington Memorial Chapel, Valley Forge.
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