P-800 Oniks

Yakhont/Onyx missile
Yakhont/Onyx missile at MAKS Airshow in Zhukovskiy, 1997.
Type	anti-ship cruise missile
Place of origin	Soviet Union/Russia
Service history
In service	2002–present^[1]
Used by	See Operators
Production history
Manufacturer	NPO Mashinostroyeniya
Produced	1987–present
Specifications
Weight	3,000 kg (6,614 lb)
Length	8.9 m (29.2 ft)
Diameter	0.7 m (2.3 ft)
Warhead	250 kg (551 lb) semi-armour piercing HE
Detonation mechanism	delay fuze

Engine	Ramjet 4 tons of thrust
Wingspan	1.7 m (5.6 ft)
Propellant	kerosene liquid fuel
Operational range	600 km (370 mi; 320 nmi) (Oniks version for Russia) 120 to 300 km (75 to 186 mi; 65 to 162 nmi) depending on altitude (Yakhont export version)
Flight ceiling	14,000 m
Flight altitude	10 meters or higher
Speed	Mach 2.5
Guidance system	midcourse inertial guidance, active radar homing-passive radar seeker head
Launch platform	coastal installations, naval ship, Fixed-wing aircraft

The P-800 Oniks (Russian: П-800 Оникс; English: Onyx), also known in export markets as Yakhont (Russian: Яхонт; English: ruby), is a Soviet/Russian supersonic anti-ship cruise missile developed by NPO Mashinostroyeniya as a ramjet version of P-80 Zubr. Its GRAU designation is 3M55, the air launched Kh-61 variant also exists. Development officially started in 1983, and by 2001 allowed the launch of the missile from land, sea, air and submarine. The missile has the NATO reporting codename SS-N-26 "Strobile". It is reportedly a replacement for the P-270 Moskit, but possibly also for the P-700 Granit. The P-800 was used as the basis for the joint Russian-Indian supersonic missile BrahMos.^[2]

Description

The missile is carried in flight by aerodynamic lift. The solid-propellant booster is located in the ramjet's combustion chamber and is ejected by the airflow after it has burned out.

Standard batteries of the K-300 Bastion-P (Бастион-П-Подвижный):

4 self-propelled launchers K-340P with 2 "Yakhont" missiles (crew of 3 persons)
1–2 Command and Control vehicles (ASBU) PBRK (crew of 5 persons)
1 security alert car (MOBD)
4 Transportation and loading vehicles (TLV K342P)

Advantages

Over-the-horizon firing range
Full autonomy of combat use ("fire and forget")
A set of flexible ("low-profile sea-skimming", "high-low") trajectories
High supersonic speed in all phases of flight
Full harmonization for a wide range of platforms (surface ships, submarines and land-based launchers)
Possible use of the missile in electronic countermeasures environment and under enemy fire

Operational history

Syria

In 2010 Sergei Prikhodko, senior adviser to the Russian President, has said that Russia intends to deliver P-800 to Syria based on the contracts signed in 2007.^[3]^[4] Syria received 2 Bastion missile systems with 36 missiles each (72 in total).^[5] The missiles' test was broadcast by Syrian state TV.^[6]

In May 2013, Russia continued the contract delivery to the Syrian government supplying missiles with an advanced radar to make them more effective to counter any future foreign military invasion.^[7]^[8] The warehouse containing the Bastion Missile was destroyed in an Israeli air strike on Latakia on 5 July 2013, but US intelligence analysts believe that some missiles had been removed before the attack.^[9]

Specifications

Length: 8.9 m
Diameter: 0.7 m
Wingspan: 1.7 m
Weight: 3,100 kg
Speed at altitude: 750 m/s (Mach 2.6)
Surface speed: Mach 2
Engine: ramjet, weight 200 kg, 4 tons of thrust
Range: 120–300 km / 600 km for Russian ship/sub deployed non-export model^[10]
for the combined trajectory (hi-lo) – 300 km
for low-altitude trajectory (lo-lo) – 120 km
Flight altitude of 10,000–14,000 m
Warhead: 250 kg
Period of storage: 7 years^[11]
Fuel: kerosene T-6

Radar homing head

all-weather monopulse active-passive, with frequency hopping
Immunity: high, from active spoofing, dipole clouds
Range: 50 km active^[12]
Launchable sea state – up to 7 points
Warm-up time from power on: no more than 2 min
Current consumption at 27 V circuit: up to 38 A
Maximum angle of the target search: ± 45 °
Homing weight: 85 kg

Variants

Oniks – Base version for Russia.
Yakhont – Export version of Oniks.
Brahmos – Co-developed by Russia and India, based on Oniks, produced by BrahMos Aerospace Private Limited in India. BrahMos-II, a hypersonic version is also being developed.
Bastion-P – Coast mobile missile system. Officially it was entered service in 2015.^[13]
Kh-61 - Air launched ASM AGM version.

Operators

Map with P-800 operators in blue

Current operators

Hezbollah – with diverse launching platforms.^[14]
Indonesia – 4 VLS (vertical launching system) mounted on Ahmad Yani class frigate KRI Oswald Siahaan (354), 50 missiles.^[15]
Russia – 3 "Bastion-P" complexes delivered in 2010, all the complexes taken into service with the Russian Black Sea Fleet's 11th Independent Coastal Missile-Artillery Brigade stationed near Anapa^[16] and the Project 1234.7 Nakat, a one-off Nanuchka IV-class corvette commissioned in 1987 with 2x6 Oniks.^[17] In the 1990s the antiship missile Onyx was tested on the ship. In 2002 the missile passed the whole range of trials and was commissioned.^[18] "Bastion-P" is deployed by Russian forces in Crimea.^[19] One more Bastion-P was delivered in 2015.^[20] 2 Bastion systems are in service with the Northern Fleet and at least one with Western Military District (Baltic Fleet).^[21]^[22] One more system entered service in 2016 with Pacific Fleet.^[23] Newest class of Russian nuclear-powered attack submarines, Yasen-class submarine, can also launch the missile.^[24]
Syria – 2 "Bastion-P" complexes delivered in 2011, 72 missiles,^[25]^[26]
Vietnam – 2 "Bastion-P" land-based coastal defense systems delivered, 40 missiles.^[27]^[28]

References

↑ "MIC "NPO mashinostroyenia" - History". Retrieved 23 December 2014.
↑ "Brahmos Missiles - The Hans India". www.thehansindia.com. Retrieved 2015-11-22.
↑ "BBC News - Syria crisis: Russia 'sends sophisticated weapons'". BBC News. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
↑ "Despite Israeli protests, Russia won't halt arms sale to Syria". Haaretz.com. 30 August 2010. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
↑ "Bastion missile systems to protect Russian naval base in Syria". Retrieved 23 December 2014.
↑ "Syria Navy with Yakhont missile.flv". YouTube. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
↑ "BBC News - Syria crisis: US rues Russian missiles sent to Damascus". BBC News. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
↑ Russia Sends More Advanced Missiles to Aid Assad in Syria
↑ Gordon, Michael R. (31 July 2013). "Some Syria Missiles Eluded Israeli Strike, Officials Say". New York Times.
↑ http://rbth.co.uk/science_and_tech/2013/08/08/russian_supersonic_missiles_behave_like_wolves_28781.html
↑ http://inbsite.com/missiles.html
↑ http://www.granit-electron.ru/products/mil/complex/yahont_head/
↑ http://www.npomash.ru/press/ru/podrobnee020915.htm?l=0
↑ Amos Harel and Gili Cohen: Hezbollah: From terror group to army, Haaretz, 12 July 2016. Quote: "Hezbollah now [as compared to 2006] has Yakhont missiles with a longer range, better precision and diverse launching options." . Retrieved 13 July 2016.
↑ Koh Swee Lean Collin (31 May 2011). "Indonesia's Anti-ship Missiles: New Development In Naval Capabilities – Analysis". Eurasia Review. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
↑ "Ракетный комплекс "Бастион" будет защищать берега Анапы". Retrieved 23 December 2014.
↑ Wertheim, Eric (2007). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World: Their Ships, Aircraft, and Systems. Naval Institute Press. p. 625. ISBN 9781591149552.
↑ "Nakat". Retrieved 23 December 2014.
↑ "Russia parades Bastion-P in Crimea". Retrieved 23 December 2014.
↑ http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2015/1009/145031589/detail.shtml
↑ http://sputniknews.com/russia/20160221/1035124038/russia-northern-fleet-bastion.html
↑ http://tass.com/defense/907916
↑ http://sputnikimages.com/en/site/feature/527850/
↑ http://www.maritime-executive.com/article/russias-first-yasen-class-submarine-is-combat-ready
↑ "Lenta.ru: Наука и техника: Россия поставила Сирии противокорабельные комплексы "Бастион"". Retrieved 23 December 2014.
↑ Haaretz (1 December 2011). "Report: Russia delivers supersonic cruise missiles to Syria". Haaretz. Retrieved 1 December 2011.
↑ "/ / «»". 24 October 2011. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
↑ "Indonesia's Anti-ship Missiles: New Development In Naval Capabilities - Analysis". Eurasia Review. Retrieved 23 December 2014.

External links

SS-N-26 (Federation of American Scientists)
Sunburns, Yakhonts, Alfas and the Region (Australian Aviation, Sept 2000) (PDF)
www.dtig.org Russian/Sovjet Sea-based Anti-Ship Missiles (pdf)
Russia would supply Syria with P-800 Yakhont cruise missiles

NATO designation for Russian and former Soviet Union missiles

Air-to-air missiles
(complete list)

Air-to-surface missiles
(complete list)

Anti-tank missiles
(complete list)

Surface-to-air missiles
(complete list)

Ground based	SA-1 Guild SA-2 Guideline SA-3 Goa SA-4 Ganef SA-5 Gammon SA-6 Gainful SA-7 Grail SA-8 Gecko SA-9 Gaskin SA-10 Grumble SA-11 Gadfly SA-12 Gladiator/Giant SA-13 Gopher SA-14 Gremlin SA-15 Gauntlet SA-16 Gimlet SA-17 Grizzly SA-18 Grouse SA-19 Grison SA-20 Gargoyle SA-21 Growler SA-22 Greyhound SA-23 Gladiator/Giant SA-24 Grinch SA-25 Morfey S-350E

Naval based	SA-N-1 Goa SA-N-2 Guideline SA-N-3 Goblet SA-N-4 Gecko SA-N-5 Grail SA-N-6 Grumble SA-N-7 Gadfly SA-N-8 Gremlin SA-N-9 Gauntlet SA-N-10 Grouse SA-N-11 Grison SA-N-12 Grizzly SA-N-14 Grouse SA-N-20 Gargoyle

ABMs	ABM-1 Galosh ABM-3/53T6 Gazelle S-500

Surface-to-surface missiles
(complete list)

Ground based	SS-1 Scunner/SS-1 Scud (Scud-A/-B/-C/-D) SS-2 Sibling SS-3 Shyster SS-4 Sandal SS-5 Skean SS-6 Sapwood SS-7 Saddler SS-8 Sasin SS-8B Sasin 2 SS-9 Scarp SS-10 Scrag SS-11 Sego SS-12 Scaleboard SS-X-13 Savage SS-13 Savage SS-14 Scamp/Scapegoat SS-15 Scrooge SS-16 Sinner SS-17 Spanker SS-18 Satan SS-19 Stiletto SS-20 Saber SS-21 Scarab SS-22 Scaleboard SS-23 Spider SS-24 Scalpel SS-25 Sickle SS-26 Stone SS-27 Sickle B SS-28 Saber 2 SS-29 Yars SS-X-30 Satan 2 SS-X-31 Rubezh SS-X-32Zh Barguzin

Naval based	SS-N-1 Scrubber SS-N-2 Styx SS-N-3c Shaddock SS-N-3a Shaddock 3b Sepal SS-N-4 Sark SS-N-5 Sark/Serb SS-N-6 Serb SS-N-7 Starbright SS-N-8 Sawfly SS-N-9 Siren SS-N-12 Sandbox SS-NX-13 SS-N-14 Silex SS-N-15 Starfish SS-N-16 Stallion SS-N-17 Snipe SS-N-18 Stingray SS-N-19 Shipwreck SS-NX-20 Sturgeon SS-N-21 Sampson SS-N-22 Sunburn SS-N-23 Skiff R29RM SS-N-23A Skiff SS-N-23B Skiff SS-NX-24 Scorpion SS-N-25 Switchblade SS-N-26 Strobile SS-N-27 Sizzler SS-N-30A 3M-14 SS-NX-28 SS-N-29 SS-N-32 SS-NX-30? SS-NX-34

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