The Yama Yama Man

"The Yama Yama Man"
From The Three Twins
Cover, sheet music, 1908
Song
Published	M. Witmark & Sons
Composer(s)	Karl Hoschna
Lyricist(s)	Collin Davis

"The Yama Yama Man" was a comical song for the Broadway show The Three Twins, published in 1908 by M. Witmark & Sons with music by Karl Hoschna and lyrics by Collin Davis.^[1][2] It became popular after Bessie McCoy's animated performance in a satin Pierrot clown costume with floppy gloves and a cone hat. At age 20, she became an overnight sensation on Broadway and was known thereafter as the "Yama Yama Girl"; it became her lifelong theme song,^[3] the show ran for 288 performances.^[4] The lyrics contain topical references of the era such as street cars and ladies' fashion while the refrain is about a comical bogeyman—the Yama Yama Man—who is "ready to spring out at you unaware". Bessie McCoy's song and dance routine was a standard into the 1930s with a prestigious lineage of imitators including Ada Jones, Marilyn Miller, Irene Castle and Ginger Rogers.

External video

Ginger Rogers performing Yama Yama Man from the film The Story of Vernon and Irene Castle (1939).

External audio

The Yama Yama Man by Ada Jones & Victor Light Opera Company (1909).

History

Bessie McCoy's signature performance was key in establishing the song's popularity. According to Marjorie Farnsworth, "thousands came to see Bessie sing and dance as the Yama Yama Girl and then came to see her again.... her knack of dancing the songs became so effective that she often did them in pantomime with the audience filling in the words."^[4] According to Joe Laurie Jr she was one of the most imitated routines in Vaudeville.^[4] Nell Brinkley, who saw McCoy perform, described her thus:

she swings on her heel and leaps away into a wild fantastic headlong dance—the dance of a crazy king's clown, half girl, half wild boy, heady with the wine of the Spring air at twilight … The black satin of her bloomers fills like sails, and they ripple and flatten against her body. Her hair flies in loose flax around her face, and her face is a vivid white candle flame in the yellow aureole of her hair … Her feet might be bounding white balls carrying her body with them in their tireless, leaping flight. She circles madly around the boards, touching lightly and rebounding from the jutting points of the painted mock scenery, like an imprisoned moth, or an elf hunting for some lost thing and fearful of being caught. She is wonderful.^[5]

Bessie McCoy in her Yama Yama Man costume.

The July 25, 1908, edition of Billboard magazine reported the following story how the Yama song originated. When The Three Twins was rehearsing in Chicago, prior to first opening, Karl Hoschna, the composer, was asked to furnish a "pajama man song". He wrote one called The Pajama Man only to learn that it could not be used owing to another pajama number booked at the Whitney Opera House the next day. Gus Sohlke, the stage director, happened to pass a toy store and saw in the window a doll built out of triangles. Realizing that this had never been used in stage work he decided to have a triangular man chorus in place of The Pajama Man. That afternoon as he, Collin Davis and Hoschna sat together wondering what they would call the song, Sohlke kept repeating Pajama jama yama yama. Suddenly he brightened up and cried "Did either of you fellows ever hear of a Yama Yama Man?" Of course neither one had and Sohlke confirmed "Neither have I! Lets call the new song Yama Yama Man". Quickly Davis set to work to write a lyric around the title and that night Sohlke and Hoschna locked themselves in a room with Bessie McCoy and rehearsed the Yama song and dance for five hours.^[6]

Influences

Ada Jones recorded "Yama Yama Man" in 1909 for Victor Light Opera Company.^[7] The lyrics for verse two and three were changed, verse two being more bawdy.^[8] It spent five weeks at #1 in 1909 and was the most popular song of her career.^[9] Stanley Kirkby recorded a version around 1912 accompanied by banjo.^[10]

In 1909, the young dancer Irene Foote began imitating Bessie McCoy's "Yama Yama Man" in amateur theatricals.^[11] Irene's mother would take her around to Broadway producers auditioning her talent using the Yama routine, but with little success.^[11] Irene later had a successful career in modern dance with her husband Vernon Castle and in 1939 Ginger Rogers played Irene in the biographical film The Story of Vernon and Irene Castle, in which Rogers re-enacts Irene imitating Bessie McCoy's "Yama Yama Man" routine during an audition (see film clip).^[9][12]

In Warner's Look For The Silver Lining (1949), June Haver plays Marilyn Miller imitating Ginger Rogers imitating Irene Foote imitating Bessie McCoy's performance.^[13]

The song led to a spin-off children's novel Yama Yama Land (1909) by Grace Duffie Boylan.^[14] Francis Scott Fitzgerald briefly mentioned it in The Beautiful and Damned (1922).^[15]

In 1967, actor George Segal released an LP titled "The Yama Yama Man", the title track is a ragtime version with horns and banjos. Segal apparently released the album due to his popularity doing same on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson".^[16] In 1989, the Madison, Wisconsin punk band Tar Babies released a song "Yama Yama Man" on their album Honey Bubble but it has no connection musically or lyrically with the original, in name only.^[17][18]

The song continued to find an audience into the 21st century with a jazzy cover by Californian group The High Sierra Jazz Band that includes animated singing that is mostly faithful to the original lyrics and spirit of the song.^[19] The song was released on their album "We Got'Em".^[20]

In 1918, the cartoonist Max Fleischer created Koko the Clown, who appears to owe much to the Yama Yama Girl costume.^[4] Both Koko and Bessie McCoy wore clothing of loose black material, with three large white pom-poms in front and a white-trimmed neck frill.^[4] Both wore white foot coverings, white gloves with long fingers, and a hat with the same white pom-pom as in front.^[4] A 1922 sheet music drawing makes the connection explicit, saying "Out of the Inkwell, the New Yama Yama Clown", showing a picture of Koko.^[4]

Lyrics

1. Ev'ry little tot at night, Is afraid of the dark you know. Some big Yama man they see, When off to bed they go. Refrain: Yama, Yama, the Yama man, Terrible eyes and a face of tan. If you don't watch out he'll get you without a doubt, If he can. Maybe he's hiding behind the chair, Ready to spring out at you unaware. Run to your mama, For here comes the Yama Yama man. 2. Great big scary eyes you see, So you cover up your head. But that Yama man is there, Standing right beside your bed. Refrain

3. In the theater now today, Ev'ry girl takes off her hat. But that doesn't help a bit, For you can't see 'round her rat. Refrain 4. Mister Harriman to-day, Thinks he'll have to change his dish. Fridays he says he'll stick to meat, For he's getting sick of "Fish". Refrain 5. Lady coming up the street, Holds her skirt up with hands so deft. To do this she has a perfect right, And she also has a darn good left. Refrain 6. The "Pay-as-you-enter" car, Is the brightest scheme evolved. They can't Miss a nickel now, So the traction question's solved. Refrain

Meaning of lyrics

Bessie McCoy, 1908.

• Verse 1 & 2: About the subject of the song. These are the only two verses sung in the play; the remaining four verses were reserved for McCoy's inevitable encores.^[21]
• Verse 3: Ladies fashion of the period involved elaborate hats arranged with stuffed birds, feathers, flowers and so on. Bouffant hairstyles, popular at the time, were sometimes made with "hair-rats", which were pads of old hair taken from brushes stuffed into the hairdo to create volume.^[22] They were a "dismaying sight to find in the theater seat directly ahead."^[23]
• Verse 4: The railroad tycoon Edward H. Harriman ("The Colossus of Roads") had a very public war of succession with Stuyvesant Fish over the Illinois Central Railroad around 1906.^[24]
• Verse 5: Right and left ankle or leg. Turn of the century skirts were normally very long and when women lifted their skirts in the street to prevent them from getting dirty, men might catch a glimpse of an ankle or leg underneath. As the 20th century progressed hemlines became progressively shorter.
• Verse 6: This is about the new "Pay-as-you-enter" street cars, where nickels were deposited by passengers in a machine when entering instead of being collected by a conductor. "Traction" was the general term for movement by locomotive car. The following letter to the editor of The New York Times (1909) illustrates:

It is quite some time since the trial and approval of the "pay-as-you-enter cars," and I fail to see why they have not been introduced on the Broadway line. A strong public sentiment favors these new and up-to-date cars, since they not only gather in the nickels, but they do away with crowding, shoving, jamming, and the abominable nuisance of the conductor, who used to throw people down and step over them in his eagerness to gather the coin that he paid over, or did not pay over, to the car companies.^[25]

In 1909, the Pay-As-You-Enter Car Corp issued stock making it quite topical around the time of the song.

References

1. Stanley Green. Encyclopedia of the Musical Theatre, Da Capo Press, Mar 22, 1980, p. 456
2. "Collin Davis" was the pen name used by George Collins Davis (1867–1929), a lawyer who later helped frame the Fordney–McCumber Tariff law, for his lyrics for musical shows.
3. Eve Golden. Vernon and Irene Castle's ragtime revolution, University Press of Kentucky, Nov 30, 2007, p. 28
4. Daniel Goldmark; Charlie Keil (2011). Funny Pictures: Animation and Comedy in Studio-Era Hollywood. University of California Press. pp. 42–43.
5. Langford, Gerald (1961). The Richard Harding Davis Years. New York: Holt, Rinehart And Winston. p. 263.
6. Billboard, July 25, 1908, p. 8
7. Ada Jones & Victor Light Opera Company - The Yama Yama Man 1909, Internet Archive
8. Ada Jones extra lyrics:

   Verse two: The Johnnies they go to see the play, But they don't care for the plot. They want to see if all the girls, Are wearing much or not.

   Verse three: A man sold some powder good for bugs, But the man he must have lied. It wasn't good for bugs at all, The poor little bugs all died.

9. "The Yama Yama Man". Netlex News. July 5, 2006. Archived from the original on April 26, 2012.
10. "The Yama Yama Man" Sung by Stanley Kirkby & Banjo C 1913 on YouTube, Uploaded by EMGColonel on Nov 20, 2011. Accessed April 2012.
11. Iris Fanger, "Castle" in Notable American women: the modern period : a biographical dictionary, Volume 4, editors Barbara Sicherman, Carol Hurd Green, Harvard University Press, 1980. See p. 142.
12. Video of Ginger Rogers performing Yama Yama Man, from the film The Story of Vernon and Irene Castle (1939), hosted at Turner Classic Movies. Archived version at Internet Archive.
13. Arlene Croce. The Fred Astaire & Ginger Rogers book, Vintage Books, 1977. p. 156.
14. The Publishers Weekly, Volume 76, Part 1. August 7, 1909. Advert for Reilly and Britton. p. 287
15. Francis Scott Fitzgerald, The Beautiful and Damned, Scribner, 1922. p. 144
16. Clifford Terry (April 2, 1993). "Banjo Pickin' With George Segal". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on August 12, 2012. Retrieved May 10, 2012.
17. Tar Babies - Yama Yama Man on YouTube. Uploaded by renegademonks on Apr 13, 2011. Accessed May 27, 2012.
18. Yama Yama Man at AllMusic.com. Accessed May 27, 2012.
19. High Sierra Jazz Band "Yama Yama Man" on YouTube. Uploaded by SFRaeAnn on Jun 30, 2010. Accessed May 27, 2012.
20. Recordings, The High Sierra Jazz Band official website. Accessed May 27, 2012.
21. Everybody's Magazine, Volume 19, North American Co., 1908. p. 683
22. "Hair Rats", Pin Girl.
23. Life magazine, Jul 9, 1956. "A Big Bulge in Hair". p. 59
24. Carl Snyder, "Harriman: Colossus of Roads", in The American Monthly Review of Reviews, January 1907, Volume 35. p. 37.
25. The New York Times: Louis M. Fisher. New York, April 26, 1909.

External links

• Ada Jones & Victor Light Opera Company - The Yama Yama Man 1909, Internet Archive. Alt version on YouTube.
• Video of Ginger Rogers performing Yama Yama Man, from the film The Story of Vernon and Irene Castle (1939), hosted at Turner Classic Movies. Archived version at Internet Archive.
• "Yama Yama Man", original sheet music
• Photo of Marilyn Miller in Yama Yama Man outfit