Yoshinori Shirakawa

Yoshinori Shirakawa
General Yoshinori Shirakawa
Born	January 24, 1869 Iyo, Ehime, Japan
Died	May 26, 1932 (aged 64) Shanghai, China
Allegiance	Empire of Japan
Service/branch	Imperial Japanese Army
Years of service	1890–1932
Rank	General
Commands held	11th Infantry Division 1st Infantry Division Kwantung Army Shanghai Expeditionary Army
Battles/wars	First Sino-Japanese War Russo-Japanese War World War I
Awards	Order of the Golden Kite (2nd class) Order of the Rising Sun (1st class)
Other work	Minister of War

Yoshinori Shirakawa (白川 義則 Shirakawa Yoshinori, January 24, 1869 – May 26, 1932) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army.

Biography

Shirakawa was born to a samurai class family in Iyo, Ehime, domain in Shikoku (present day Ehime Prefecture). He attended military preparatory schools as a youth, specializing in military engineering and served with the IJA 21st Infantry Regiment. He graduated from the 1st class of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy in 1890 and was commissioned as a second lieutenant the following year.

Shirakawa entered the Army Staff College in 1893, but was forced to leave the following year due to the outbreak of the First Sino-Japanese War. During the war, he was promoted to first lieutenant. He returned to graduate from the Army Staff College and was promoted to captain in 1899. Shirakawa was then assigned as commander of the IJA 21st Infantry Regiment. In 1902, he was assigned to the Imperial Guards.

Promoted to major in 1903, Shirakawa returned to command the IJA 21st Infantry Regiment during the Russo-Japanese War. During the war, he was promoted to become Chief of Staff of the IJA 13th Division. Shirakawa became a lieutenant colonel in 1907, colonel in 1909, and commander of the IJA 34th Infantry Regiment.^[1]

In June 1911, Shirakawa became Chief of Staff of the IJA 11th Division, and was promoted to major general later that year. From 1913 to 1915, he was commander of Japanese forces in central China.

During World War I, Shirakawa was commander of the IJA 9th Infantry Brigade. He served as Head of the Personnel Bureau in the Ministry of War from 1916–1919, and after his promotion to lieutenant general in 1919, as Commandant of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy. In 1921, he was given a combat command again, as commander of the IJA 11th Division, and from 1922 as commander of the IJA 1st Division.

From 1922 to 1923, Shirakawa served as Vice-Minister of War under General Yamanashi Hanzō. After briefly serving as Head of Army Aeronautical Department, Shirakawa was appointed Commander in Chief of the Kwangtung Army from 1923 to 1926.^[2] during which time he was awarded the Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun.

Promoted to full general in March 1925, he subsequently served on the Supreme War Council from 1926–1932, and was Minister of War from 1927 to 1929.

With tensions in China rapidly ramping up towards open war, Shirakawa was dispatched to China on February 25, 1932, to become commander in chief of the Shanghai Expeditionary Army. However, two months later, on April 29, 1932, he was severely injured in a bomb set by Korean independence activist Yun Bong-gil in Shanghai's Hongkou Park and died on May 26.^[3]

Shirakawa was posthumously awarded with the Grand Cordon of the Order of the Paulownia Flowers, Order of the Golden Kite 2nd Class, and elevated to the rank of danshaku (baron) under the kazoku peerage system. His ashes were divided between graves located in his hometown of Matsuyama and in Tokyo's Aoyama Cemetery.

References

Books

• Bix, Herbert P. (2001). Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan. Harper Perennial. ISBN 0-06-093130-2.
• Dupuy, Trevor N. (1992). Encyclopedia of Military Biography. I B Tauris & Co Ltd. ISBN 1-85043-569-3.
• Sims, Richard (2001). Japanese Political History Since the Meiji Renovation 1868–2000. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 0-312-23915-7.

External links

• Ammenthorp, Steen. "Shirakawa Yoshinori". The Generals of World War II.
• Wendel, Marcus. "List of Commanders of the Kwantung Army". Axis History Factbook.

Notes

1. Ammenthorp, The Generals of World War II
2. Wendel, Axis History Factbook
3. Dupuy, Encyclopedia of Military Biography