Zafirlukast
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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Accolate |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a697007 |
| Pregnancy category |
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| Routes of administration | Oral |
| ATC code | R03DC01 (WHO) |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | Unknown |
| Protein binding | 99% |
| Metabolism | Hepatic (CYP2C9-mediated) |
| Biological half-life | 10 hours |
| Excretion | Biliary |
| Identifiers | |
| |
| CAS Number |
107753-78-6  |
| PubChem (CID) | 5717 |
| IUPHAR/BPS | 3322 |
| DrugBank |
DB00549 |
| ChemSpider |
5515 |
| UNII |
XZ629S5L50 |
| KEGG |
D00411 |
| ChEBI |
CHEBI:10100 |
| ChEMBL |
CHEMBL603 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.189.989 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C31H33N3O6S |
| Molar mass | 575.676 g/mol |
| 3D model (Jmol) | Interactive image |
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Zafirlukast is an oral leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) for the maintenance treatment of asthma, often used in conjunction with an inhaled steroid and/or long-acting bronchodilator. It is available as a tablet and is usually dosed twice daily. Another leukotriene receptor antagonist is montelukast (Singulair), taken once daily. Zileuton (Zyflo), also used in the treatment of asthma via its inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase, is taken four times per day.
Zafirlukast blocks the action of the cysteinyl leukotrienes on the CysLT1 receptors, thus reducing constriction of the airways, build-up of mucus in the lungs and inflammation of the breathing passages.
Zafirlukast is marketed by Astra Zeneca with the brand names Accolate, Accoleit, and Vanticon. It was the first LTRA to be marketed in the USA and is now approved in over 60 countries, including the UK, Japan, Taiwan, Italy, Spain, Canada, Brazil, China and Turkey.
Pharmacokinetics
Healthy young men who received a single oral 40 mg dose attained peak plasma zafirlukast concentrations that averaged 607 μg/L at 3.4 hours. The elimination half-life ranged from 12 to 20 hours. In another study involving a 20 mg single oral dose in healthy men, the elimination half-life averaged 5.6 hours.[1][2]
Special warnings
A letter was submitted to the FDA by Zeneca Pharmaceuticals on July 22, 1997, notifying them of a change in product labeling that includes the following potential reaction in patients undergoing a dosage reduction of oral steroids who are currently taking zafirlukast:
Precautions
Eosinophilic conditions: The reduction of the oral steroid dose, in some patients on zafirlukast therapy, has been followed in rare cases by the occurrence of eosinophilia, vasculitic rash, worsening pulmonary symptoms, cardiac complications, and/or neuropathy sometimes presenting as eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, a systemic eosinophilic vasculitis. Although a causal relationship with zafirlukast has not been established, caution is required when oral steroid reduction is being considered.
References
- ↑ Fischer JD, Song MH, Suttle AB, Heizer WD, Burns CB, Vargo DL, Brouwer KL. Comparison of zafirlukast (Accolate) absorption after oral and colonic administration in humans. Pharmaceut. Res. 17: 154-159, 2000.
- ↑ Bharathi DV, Naidu A, Jagadeesh B, Laxmi KN, Laxmi PR, Reddy PR, Mullangi R. Development and validation of a sensitive LC-MS/MS method with electrospray ionization for quantitation of zafirlukast, a selective leukotriene antagonist in human plasma: application to a clinical pharmacokinetic study. Biomed. Chromatogr. 22: 645-653, 2008.
External links
- Zafirlukast (U.S. National Library of Medicine)