Zelenograd

For other uses, see Zelenograd (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Zelenogradsk.
Zelenograd (English)
Зеленоград (Russian)
-  City[1]  -
Administrative Okrug of Moscow[1]

Views of Zelenograd

Zelenograd in Moscow
Coordinates: 55°59′52″N 37°11′25″E / 55.99778°N 37.19028°E / 55.99778; 37.19028Coordinates: 55°59′52″N 37°11′25″E / 55.99778°N 37.19028°E / 55.99778; 37.19028
Coat of arms
Flag
Administrative status
Country Russia
Federal subject Moscow
Administratively subordinated to Moscow[1]
Municipal status
Prefect[2] Anatoly Smirnov[2]
Statistics
Area 37.22 km2 (14.37 sq mi)[3]
Population (2010 Census) 221,712 inhabitants[4]
Density 5,957/km2 (15,430/sq mi)[5]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[6]
Founded March 3, 1958
City status since January 15, 1963
Postal code(s)[7] 124xxx
Dialing code(s) +7 (495), (499)[8]
Official website
Zelenograd on Wikimedia Commons

Zelenograd (Russian: Зеленоград; IPA: [zʲɪlʲɪnɐˈgrat], lit. green city) is a city[1] which, along with the territories and settlements under its jurisdiction, forms one of the administrative okrugs of Moscow - Zelenogradsky Administrative Okrug (ZelAO).[1] It is located 37 kilometers (23 mi) from the center of Moscow proper along Leningradskoye Shosse highway. The city color is green and its emblematic animal is the squirrel (more precisely Sciurus vulgaris).

Before 1989, Zelenograd was a de facto closed city in some aspects: it was prohibited to take photos in the central parts of the city, near the plants, teaching and research facilities, and foreigners were not admitted into the city.

Zelenograd was one of the most powerful centers of electronics, microelectronics and computer industry in the Soviet Union, and it still plays a similar role in modern Russia. It was developed as a reflection of the California Silicon Valley and is known also as Soviet/Russian Silicon Valley.

History

Zelenograd was founded in 1958 and planned as a center of the textile industry initially. In 1962, Alexander Shokin (Chairman of State Committee of Electronic Technology, then first Minister of Electronic Technology) proposed to change the line of future city business to electronics. Some researchers of Soviet electronics history mentioned that a similar idea was proposed to the Soviet government by two fugitive Silicon Valley engineers - Alfred Sarant (more known in Russia as Philip Staros) and Joel Barr (Joseph Berg).

As Zelenograd was built de novo on a previously empty, forested place, its architecture and civic layout yields to one general architectural plan (chief architects Igor Rozhin (1956–1963), then Igor Pokrovsky (1963–2002)).

In 1988, Zelenograd incorporated the former village of Kryukovo, one of the important sites during the Battle of Moscow (October 1941 – January 1942). Several monuments to the Defenders of Moscow and the heroes of the Great Patriotic War are located in Zelenograd and the surrounding area, the most famous of which is the Shtyki Memorial, from which the remains of the Unknown Soldier were taken for reinterment at the Kremlin Wall in the Alexander Garden in Moscow.

Geography

The Skhodnya River originates near the village of Alabushevo (one of settlements, which are under Zelenograd jurisdiction) and forms three ponds within the precincts of city: Water-tower Pond (School Lake), Small and Large City Pond.

Administrative divisions

Zelenogradsky Administrative Okrug is divided into five districts:

Economy

Industries

Zelenograd is home to the National Research University of Electronic Technology (MIET).

Zelenograd was headquarters of Sitronics Concerne since its founding in 1997 until 2005 (when its headquarters moved to Moscow). Now the city is the headquarters of its microelectroniс solutions department. The leading company of the department is NIIME and Mikron - one of the largest Russian integrated circuit manufacturers. The city is also the headquarters of Angstrem, which is also one of the largest Russian IC manufacturers.

Zelenograd is one of technical-innovative type Special economic zones. SEZ "Zelenograd" consists of 2 areas: Area "Alabushevo" (141.87 ha), a main area for new plants and research centers; and Area "MIET" (4.47 ha), a technology park (mostly MIET spin-off enterprises).

Sports

A local soccer team Zelenograd (nicknamed Zelyono-Belye, or Green-Whites) was founded in 2002 and in 2007-2010 had been playing in the Russian Second Division. A local rugby team Zelenograd was founded in 2006 and played in Russian Rugby Championship 2008 (but it could not get to Championship 2009).

The Shtyki Memorial complex 
Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology (MIET) 
Cascade of fountains in the Park of Victory (Savyolki District) 
16th microdistrict of Zelenograd (Kryukovo District) 
St. Nicholas Church 
City Pond 

Sister cities

Patronized ships

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Law of the city of Moscow #13-47 of July 5, 1995 On Territorial Division of the City of Moscow with subsequent amendments (Russian)
  2. 1 2 Prefect Page. Official website of Zelenograd Administrative Okrug (Russian)
  3. ↑ Zelenograd Location. Official website of Zelenograd Administrative Okrug (Russian)
  4. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  5. ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
  6. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  7. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
  8. ↑ The same as Moscow dialing codes
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