Lake Zug

Lake Zug
Zugersee

Map
Location Central Switzerland
Coordinates 47°7′N 8°29′E / 47.117°N 8.483°E / 47.117; 8.483Coordinates: 47°7′N 8°29′E / 47.117°N 8.483°E / 47.117; 8.483
Primary inflows Lorze
Primary outflows Lorze
Catchment area 204 km2 (79 sq mi)
Basin countries Switzerland
Max. length 13.8 km (8.6 mi)
Max. width 4.7 km (2.9 mi)
Surface area 38.3 km2 (14.8 sq mi)
Average depth 83.2 m (273 ft)
Max. depth 197 m (646 ft)
Water volume 3.2 km3 (0.77 cu mi)
Residence time 14.7 years
Surface elevation 417 m (1,368 ft)
Sections/sub-basins Obersee, Untersee
Settlements Zug, Arth, Buonas, Cham, Immensee, Oberwil, Risch, Walchwil, Meierskappel

Lake Zug (German: Zugersee) is a lake in Central Switzerland, situated between Lake Lucerne and Lake Zurich. It stretches for 14 km between Arth and the Cham-Zug bay. The Lorze as the main feeder river empties its waters into the lake at its northern extremity, but 1 km (0.6 mi) further west issues from the lake to pursue its course towards the Reuss. Due to this poor feeding, Environmental protection is very important as the lake would suffer long term damage if polluted as the second of the rivers, Rigiaa, feeds only a marginal amount into the lake at its southern end. Already a great part of the fauna in the deep parts of the lake has been lost.[1]

Background

Lake Zug with view on Rigi

The lake is mostly within the borders of the Canton of Zug, with about 10 square kilometres (3.9 sq mi) at its southern end in the canton Schwyz, while the Canton of Lucerne claims about 2 km2 (0.77 sq mi) to the north of Immensee. Toward the south-west extremity of the lake the Rigi descends rather steeply to the water's edge, while part of its east shore forms a narrow level band at the foot of the 1,583 m (5,194 ft) Rossberg, and the Zugerberg. The culminating point of the lake's drainage basin is the summit of the Rigi at 1,798 m.[2]

At its northern end, the shores are nearly level, while on the west shore the wooded promontory of Buonas (with its castles, old and new) projects picturesquely into the waters. The principal place on the lake is the town of Zug. Three railways follow the shore of the lake, one from Zurich via Zug and Arth-Goldau to the St Gotthard, one from Lucerne via Arth-Goldau to the St Gotthard, and the third from Zurich via Zug to Lucerne.

Many fish (including pike and carp of considerable weights) are taken in the lake, which is especially famous for an endemic kind of trout (Salmo salvelinus, locally called Rolheli).[3]

History

The first steamer was placed on the lake in 1852.[3]

In the early 20th century, a railway (formerly part of the St. Gotthard main route) ran along its eastern shore past Walchwil to Arth at its south end, which was connected initially by a steam tramway with the Arth-Goldau station of the St Gotthard line. This line runs from Arth along the western shore to Immensee, where it bears south-west to Lucerne, while from Immensee another railway leads (at first some way from the shore) to Cham, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) west of Zug.[3]

Settlements

References

  1. ↑ ‘Extinct’ fish found in Lake Constance
  2. ↑ 1:25,000 topographic map (Map). Swisstopo. Retrieved 2014-07-30.
  3. 1 2 3  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Coolidge, William Augustus Beevoort (1911). "Zug, Lake of". In Chisholm, Hugh. Encyclopædia Britannica. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 1048.
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