Football Battalion
17th (Service) Battalion, Middlesex Regiment | |
---|---|
Recruitment poster featuring the Football Battalion | |
Active | 12 December 1914 |
Country | United Kingdom |
Branch | British Army |
Type | Battalion |
Role | Infantry |
Size | 600 troops |
Nickname(s) |
"The Football Battalion" "1st Football" |
The 17th (Service) Battalion, Middlesex Regiment was an infantry battalion of the Middlesex Regiment, part of the British Army, which was formed as a Pals battalion during the Great War. The core of the battalion was a group of professional footballers, which was the reason for its most commonly used name, The Football Battalion. The 23rd (Service) Battalion, Middlesex Regiment was formed in June 1915 and became known as the 2nd Football Battalion.[1] The battalions fought in the Battle of the Somme in 1916 amongst others, and soldiers who fought for the 17th included Second Lieutenant Walter Tull, who was the first black Infantry Officer in the British Army.
History
17th (Service Battalion)
During the First World War there had been an initial push by clubs for professional football to continue, in order to keep the public's spirits up.[2] This stance was not widely agreed with and public opinion turned against professional footballers. One soldier, serving in France, wrote to a British newspaper to complain that "hundreds of thousands of able-bodied young roughs were watching hirelings playing football" while others were serving their country. The suggestion was even made that King George V should cease being a patron of The Football Association.[3] Sir Arthur Conan Doyle publicly objected and appealed for footballers to volunteer for service, saying "If a footballer has strength of limb, let them serve and march in the field of battle".[2]
William Joynson-Hicks formed the battalion on 12 December 1914 at Fulham town hall after Secretary of State for War, Lord Kitchener, suggested it as part of the Pals battalion scheme.[3][4] England international Frank Buckley became the first player to join,[2] out of thirty players who signed up at its formation.[3] The formation was announced to the general public on 1 January 1915.[5]
During training, the players were allowed leave on a Saturday to return to their clubs to take part in games. However, the clubs found themselves having to subsidise the train fares as the Army did not pay for them.[3]
By the following March, 122 professional footballers had signed up for the battalion, which led to press complaints as there were some 1800 eligible footballers.[4] These recruits included the whole of Clapton Orient (later to be known as Leyton Orient) – the entire Heart of Midlothian team had signed up prior to the formation of the battalion.[2] In addition to footballers, officials and referees also joined the 17th, along with football fans themselves.[3] Many football players deliberately chose to avoid the battalion by joining other regiments, causing the War Office to initially have difficulties filling the battalion.[3]
A number of decorations were issued to the soldiers with the battalion. Lyndon Sandoe, of Cardiff City, was awarded the Distinguished Conduct Medal with bar, and the Military Medal.[3] Northampton Town's Walter Tull was recommended for the Military Cross during the war, and became the first Black Infantry Officer in the British Army.[6] The battalion suffered heavy losses, including at the Battle of Delville Wood and the Battle of Guillemont during the Battle of the Somme.[7] During the First World War, the battalion lost more than a thousand men, including 462 in one battle alone at the Battle of Arras in 1917.[4]
23rd (Service Battalion)
The 23rd (Service) Battalion was formed in June 1915.[1] Former Tottenham Hotspur and Clapton Orient footballer Alan Haig-Brown was appointed commanding officer in September 1916.[8]
Legacy
A memorial to the Football Battalion was unveiled in 2010 in Longueval, France. It was attended by members of the Football Supporters' Federation and representatives of more than 20 clubs. It had been paid for through donations received from football supporters having been promoted by former professional footballer and SAS soldier Phil Stant.[9] The ceremony was conducted by Father Owen Beament of Millwall, and a two-minute silence was started by Gareth Ainsworth.[10]
A granite memorial to the three Clapton Orient players who died in the Battle of the Somme whilst members of the battalion was unveiled in 2011, located in Northern France. Over 200 Leyton Orient supporters travelled for the unveiling, which commemorated the lives of Richard McFadden, William Jonas and George Scott.[11]
Key
- Players listed in bold won full international caps.
Playing positions
GK | Goalkeeper | RB | Right back | RW | Right winger | DF | Defender | HB | Half back | IF | Inside forward | DM | Defensive midfielder |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OL | Outside left | LB | Left back | LW | Left winger | CB | Centre back | FW | Forward | FB | Full back | RM | Right midfielder |
W | Winger | MF | Midfielder | ST | Striker | WH | Wing half | AM | Attacking midfielder | CM | Central midfielder | LM | Left midfielder |
U | Utility player | OR | Outside right | SW | Sweeper | LH | Left half | RH | Right half |
Soldiers
Officers
Rank | Name | Nationality | Position | Club prior to enlistment | Battalion(s) | Wartime death date | Wartime death place | Decorations | Notes | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lt Col | Haig-Brown, AlanAlan Haig-Brown | England | OR | Clapton Orient | 23rd | 25 March 1918 (aged 40) | Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France | DSO, MiD | [nb 1] | [8] |
Maj | Buckley, FrankFrank Buckley | England | DF | Bradford City | 17th | — | — | — | [nb 2] | [2] |
Cpt | Barnfather, PercyPercy Barnfather | England | WH | Croydon Common | 17th | — | — | MC | [nb 3] | [12] |
Cpt | Bell, EdwardEdward Bell | England | OF | South Farnborough | 17th | 24 March 1918 (aged 31–32) | Somme, France | MC and Bar | [nb 4] | [9] |
Cpt | Woodward, VivianVivian Woodward | England | CF | Chelsea | 17th | — | — | — | [nb 5] | [13] |
2nd Lt | Tull, WalterWalter Tull | England | IF/HB | Northampton Town | 23rd, 17th | 25 March 1918 (aged 29) | Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France | MiD | [nb 6] | [14] |
Senior non-commissioned officers
Junior non-commissioned officers
Rank | Name | Nationality | Position | Club prior to enlistment | Battalion(s) | Wartime death date | Wartime death place | Decorations | Notes | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cpl | Butler, BenBen Butler | England | CH | Queens Park Rangers | 17th | 13 May 1916 (aged 27–28) | Bruay-la-Buissière, France | — | [35] | |
Cpl | Doran, JackJack Doran | Ireland | CF | Coventry City | 17th | — | — | MM | [36] | |
Cpl | Ford, GeorgeGeorge Ford | England | LB | Woolwich Arsenal | 17th | — | — | — | [nb 12] | [37] |
Cpl | David Gray | Scotland | FW | St Mirren | 17th | — | — | — | [29] | |
Cpl | Hugall, JimmyJimmy Hugall | England | GK | Clapton Orient | 17th | — | — | — | [nb 13] | [38] |
Cpl | Pyke, GeorgeGeorge Pyke | England | CF | Newcastle United | 17th | — | — | — | [39] | |
Cpl | Roe, ArthurArthur Roe | England | HB | Luton Town | 17th | — | — | — | [40] | |
Cpl | George Saunders | n/a | n/a | Clapton Orient | 17th | — | — | — | [41] | |
Cpl | Spittle, BillyBilly Spittle | England | IF | Woolwich Arsenal | 17th | — | — | — | [42] | |
Cpl | Turnbull, SandySandy Turnbull | Scotland | IF | Manchester United | 23rd | 3 May 1917 (aged 32) | Chérisy, France | — | [nb 14] | [43] |
Act Cpl | William Krug | England | GK | Chelsea | 17th | — | — | — | [44] | |
Lce Cpl | Joe Bailey | England | FW | Reading | 17th | — | — | DSO, MC and Two Bars, MiD | [nb 15] [nb 16] |
[45] |
Lce Cpl | Bell, CharlieCharlie Bell | Scotland | FW | Chesterfield | 17th | — | — | — | [46] | |
Lce Cpl | Bullock, FredFred Bullock | England | DF | Huddersfield Town | 17th | — | — | — | [47] | |
Lce Cpl | Bunyan, Sr., CharlesCharles Bunyan, Sr. | England | GK | Standard Liège (manager) | 17th | — | — | — | [48] | |
Lce Cpl | Herbert Dersley | England | n/a | Croydon Common | 17th | 1 June 1916 (age unknown) | Pas-de-Calais, France | — | [49] | |
Lce Cpl | Edward Foord | England | n/a | Chelsea | 17th | — | — | — | [nb 17] | [47] |
Lce Cpl | Gallacher, PatPat Gallacher | Scotland | n/a | Ton Pentre | 17th, 23rd | — | — | — | [nb 11] [nb 18] |
[50] |
Lce Cpl | Holmes, NormanNorman Holmes | England | DF | Clapton Orient | 17th | — | — | — | [nb 19] | [51] |
Lce Cpl | Robert Houston | n/a | n/a | Woolwich Arsenal | 17th | — | — | — | [52] | |
Lce Cpl | Tom Pearson | n/a | n/a | Clapton Orient | 17th | — | — | — | [nb 20] | [53] |
Lce Cpl | Henry Pennifer | England | n/a | Queens Park Rangers | 17th | 24 March 1918 (age unknown) | Somme, France | — | [nb 11] [nb 14] |
[54] |
Lce Cpl | Wheelhouse, SidneySidney Wheelhouse | England | RB | Grimsby Town | 17th | 19 September 1916 (aged 27–28) | Somme, France | — | [55] |
Ranks
See also
Notes
- ↑ Appointed commanding officer of the 23rd Battalion on 16 September 1916.
- ↑ Transferred in from the King's Regiment (Liverpool).
- ↑ Commissioned on 31 October 1916.
- ↑ Also served as the battalion's adjutant.
- ↑ Previously served in the London Regiment prior to being commissioned into the Middlesex Regiment on 29 December 1914.
- ↑ Served in the 17th Battalion prior to being commissioned into the 23rd Battalion on 4 August 1917.
- ↑ Served in the 17th Battalion prior to being commissioned into the Royal Guernsey Light Infantry on 24 August 1918.
- ↑ Also served as a bomb-throwing instructor.
- ↑ Taken prisoner of war.
- 1 2 3 Taken prisoner of war on 27 April 1917.
- 1 2 3 4 Appointment, not rank.
- ↑ Medically discharged on 10 October 1917.
- ↑ Served in the 17th Battalion prior to being commissioned into the Durham Light Infantry on 24 July 1916.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Died while serving with another unit.
- ↑ Served in the 17th Battalion prior to being commissioned into the Royal Norfolk Regiment on 28 August 1917.
- 1 2 Decorations were won while serving with another unit.
- ↑ Appointment, not rank. Medically discharged on 16 October 1918.
- ↑ Served as trainer of the battalion football team in June 1917.
- ↑ Served in the 17th Battalion prior to being commissioned into the 21st Battalion on 25 June 1918.
- ↑ Served in the 17th Battalion prior to being commissioned into the Queen's Own (Royal West Kent Regiment) on 28 August 1917.
- ↑ Later transferred to the Royal Army Service Corps and was medically discharged on 26 June 1918.
- ↑ Served in the 17th Battalion prior to being commissioned into the Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry on 31 October 1917.
- ↑ Medically discharged on 10 April 1916 and later died of septic poisoning.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Was released/discharged from the army before seeing active service.
- ↑ Taken prisoner of war on 13 November 1916.
- ↑ Taken prisoner of war on 28 April 1917.
- ↑ Medically discharged on 15 September 1916.
- ↑ Discharged on 18 August 1916.
- ↑ Medically discharged on 29 December 1916.
- ↑ Transferred to the Labour Corps in August 1918.
- ↑ Whiting attained the rank of lance sergeant prior to being demoted to private in December 1916 after a court-martial. He was serving as a private at the time of his death.
References
- 1 2 Baker, Chris. "The Middlesex Regiment in 1914-1918". www.1914-1918.net. Retrieved 2015-08-01.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Fraser, Alan (9 November 2011). "A reminder of what it's really all about... Officers and men of the 17th Middlesex". The Daily Mail. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Devine, Darren (8 October 2010). "Book tells wartime story of the 17th Middlesex – the "Football Battalion"". Western Mail. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
- 1 2 3 Thomas, Ronan (10 November 2010). "Final Whistle: 'Pom Pom' Whiting". BBC News. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
- ↑ "Football Battalion is Formed". The Spokesman-Review. XXXIV (70). 5 January 1915. p. 2. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
- ↑ "Walter Tull – the Army years" (PDF). Black History 4 School. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
- ↑ "The Manchester United star who died at the Somme – story of a true football hero". Daily Mirror. 13 November 2010. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
- 1 2 "Lancing College War Memorial". www.hambo.org. Retrieved 2016-01-08.
- 1 2 Winter, Henry (21 October 2010). "Footballers' Battalions remembered on Somme battlefield". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
- ↑ Fletcher, Paul (22 October 2010). "Somme ceremony puts football in perspective". BBC Blogs. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
- ↑ Clements, Kate (22 July 2011). "Memorial to the 'Football Battalion' unveiled on the Somme". First World War Centenary (Imperial War Museum). Retrieved 29 April 2012.
- ↑ http://www.zen139857.zen.co.uk/BARNFATHER_Percy.pdf
- ↑ "Vivian Woodward | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "Walter Tull | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "Richard McFadden | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ Manchester, Reading Room. "CWGC - Casualty Details". www.cwgc.org. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "Frederick Bartholomew | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "Frederick William Parker | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "William James Baker | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "Ernest Coquet | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-25.
- ↑ "Robert Rodie Dalrymple | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "Nolan Edwin Evans | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "Harold Thomas Gibson | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ Greer, Stuart. "Macclesfield footballer's tour of South America featured in online exhibition". macclesfield. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- 1 2 "WW1's fighting footballers: Exeter City players go to war". BBC News. Retrieved 2016-02-25.
- ↑ "Ted Hanney - Manchester City and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ "James McCormick | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ http://www.roydenhistory.co.uk/eportwarmemorial/pows/mercer_joe/joemercer.pdf
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Riddoch & Kemp 2010, p. 53.
- ↑ http://www.zen139857.zen.co.uk/STEWART_Charles_Harold.pdf
- ↑ http://www.zen139857.zen.co.uk/WOOD_Norman_Arthur.pdf
- ↑ City, Leicester. "Leicester Fosse And The First World War: Part 21". www.lcfc.com. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ "Frederick Charles Keenor | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ "John Gilbert Cock | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "Albert Victor Butler | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "John Francis Doran | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "George Ford - Arsenal and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-25.
- ↑ "James Cockburn Hugall | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "George Woolston Pyke | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ "Lance Corporal Arthur Roe | Great War Stories". www.worldwar1luton.com. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- 1 2 Jenkins, Steve (5 August 2011). "Clapton Orient's "Brothers In Arms"". leytonorient.com. Leyton Orient F.C.
- ↑ "Memorial will honour Leicester footballers who served in First World War". Leicester Mercury. 14 September 2010. Retrieved 2016-06-29.
- ↑ "The Story of Sandy Turnbull - A Manchester Football Hero". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ "William Alfred Krug | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ "Home". Imperial War Museums. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "The Manager Issue 22". www.themanager-magazine.com. pp. 17–18. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "The Story of the Footballers' Battalions in the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
- ↑ "Sky is Blue - Charlie Bunyan". www.cfchistory.com. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ Harris, Clive; Whippy, Julian (2008-09-22). The Greater Game: Sporting Icons Who Fell in The Great War. Pen and Sword. p. 172. ISBN 9781783831449.
- ↑ "Patrick Gallacher | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "Norman Arnold Holmes | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ Riddoch & Kemp 2010, p. 297.
- ↑ "Thomas Henry Pearson | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ "Henry John Pennifer | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ "Sid Wheelhouse - Grimsby Town and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ emilysarah2012. "What can service records reveal?". Norfolk in World War One. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "Tom Barber Aston Villa". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "Jasper Matthews Batey | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- 1 2 "Match fit and ready to fight for their country". The Northern Echo. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
- ↑ "William Booth | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "John James Blacklaw Borthwick | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "George Bowler | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "James Bowler | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- 1 2 3 Riddoch & Kemp 2010, p. 50.
- 1 2 3 City, Leicester. "Leicester Fosse and the First World War: Part 10". www.lcfc.com. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "John George Coleman | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ Riddoch & Kemp 2010, p. 107.
- ↑ Churchill, Alexandra; Holmes, Andrew (2015-07-15). Over Land and Sea: Chelsea FC in the Great War. The History Press. ISBN 9780750965422.
- ↑ "Samuel George Davis | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Retrieved 2016-10-05.
- ↑ "Charles Dexter | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "Private John Dunn | Great War Stories". www.worldwar1luton.com. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ Haynes, Graham (1998). A-Z Of Bees: Brentford Encyclopaedia. Yore Publications. pp. 51–52. ISBN 1 874427 57 7.
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- ↑ "Private Robert William Frith | Great War Stories". www.worldwar1luton.com. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "William Webber Gerrish | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- 1 2 3 "Bob Whiting of Brighton". www.photohistory-sussex.co.uk. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- 1 2 3 "Grimsby Town Football Club". 2011-03-15. Archived from the original on 2011-03-15. Retrieved 2016-02-25.
- ↑ Myerson, George (2014-07-23). Fighting for Football: From Woolwich Arsenal to the Western Front. Aurum Press. ISBN 9781781314197.
- ↑ "England Players - Percy Humphreys". www.englandfootballonline.com. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- 1 2 Riddoch & Kemp 2010, p. 63.
- ↑ "Nottingham Forest at 150: Footballers called to arms for the war". Nottingham Post. 16 September 2015. Retrieved 2016-06-29.
- ↑ "Private Frank Louis Lindley | Great War Stories". www.worldwar1luton.com. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ "Oscar Horace Stanley Linkson | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "Thomas Stewart Lonsdale | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "Joseph James Simpson McLauchlan | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ "William Middleton | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ "The Footballers' Battalions". www.football-league.co.uk. Retrieved 2015-08-13.
- ↑ http://www.zen139857.zen.co.uk/NEWTON_Thomas.pdf
- ↑ "Wilfred Nixon | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ "Before The 'D'...Association Football around the world, 1863-1937.: 17th Middlesex (1st Football Battalion)". Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "William Oliver | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ Riddoch & Kemp 2010, p. 305.
- ↑ Riddoch & Kemp 2010, p. 308.
- ↑ Riddoch & Kemp 2010, p. 75.
- ↑ "Herbert Reason | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ Riddoch & Kemp 2010, p. 309.
- ↑ "Private Hugh Pierce Roberts | Great War Stories". www.worldwar1luton.com. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ "Harry Robotham - Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "Frederick Robson | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Retrieved 2016-09-28.
- ↑ Doyle, Paul; Harris, Daniel. "The Joy of Six: curtailed football careers". the Guardian. Retrieved 2015-12-29.
- ↑ Riddoch & Kemp 2010, p. 213.
- ↑ "George Scott | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "John Sheldon | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
- ↑ "Private Ernest Simms | Great War Stories". www.worldwar1luton.com. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ http://www.zen139857.zen.co.uk/SMITH_Cyril%20C..pdf
- ↑ Riddoch & Kemp 2010, p. 64.
- ↑ J
- ↑ "Footballing icons who became heroes of First World War". Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Arthur William Tilley | Service Record | Football and the First World War". Football and the First World War. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ TOMKINS Albert James..xls
- ↑ "Brighton and Hove Albion | News | Latest News | Latest News | Albion Back Memorial". www.seagulls.co.uk.p.preprod.performgroup.com. Retrieved 2016-03-10.
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- ↑ Riddoch & Kemp 2010, p. 319.
- ↑ "Sergeant Arthur Harold Wileman MM | Great War Stories". www.worldwar1luton.com. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ Riddoch, Andrew; Kemp, David (2010). When the Whistle Blows: The Story of the Footballers' Battalion in the Great War. Sparkford, Yeovil, Somerset: Haynes Publishing. p. 42. ISBN 978-0857330772.
- ↑ http://www.zen139857.zen.co.uk/WILLIAMSON_Ernest_Clarke.pdf
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