Beautiful Garbage World Tour
World tour by Garbage | |
Associated album | Beautiful Garbage |
---|---|
Start date | October 10, 2001 |
End date | December 10, 2002 |
Legs | 11 |
No. of shows |
72 in North America 40 in Europe 12 in Oceania 4 in Asia 1 in Caribbean 129 total |
Garbage concert chronology |
The Beautiful Garbage World Tour was the third world concert tour cycle by American/Scottish alternative rock group Garbage, which took the band throughout North and Central America, Europe, Japan, Australia and New Zealand in support of its third album Beautiful Garbage.
The Beautiful Garbage tour takes in headline performances, support performances for U2, Red Hot Chili Peppers and No Doubt, and slots at rock festivals and radio shows around the world. A number of notable acts supported Garbage throughout the run of the tour, including White Stripes, Kelli Ali, Queen Adreena and Abandoned Pools.
The tour was hampered by problems with the health of the band, with singer Shirley Manson suffering from throat problems and drummer Butch Vig being taken off sick twice, first with Hepatitis A and then with Bell's palsy. While some shows that Manson could not perform were cancelled, Vig was replaced at first with Matt Chamberlain and then with Matt Walker, to prevent disruption to the tour dates.
Itinerary
Garbage marked the release of Beautiful Garbage by performing an in-store set in Chicago's Virgin Megastore on October 2, 2001. Garbage began touring the album as the opening act on the thirdeg of U2's Elevation Tour from October 12 in South Bend, Indiana, into Canada and through to 24th in New York City.[1] Prior the last show, Vig collapsed from the effects of food poisoning and contracting Hepatitis A.[2] Rather than cancelling the scheduled shows, Garbage recruited Matt Chamberlain to replace Vig for the remainder of the year.[3] Garbage performed a series of underplayed headlining shows in Europe during November, beginning in Trondheim, Norway and ending in London, United Kingdom, on November 14.[4] Garbage then returned to North America for the final Elevation tour Southern State shows, from Kansas City, Missouri on the 27th through to the last show in Miami, Florida on December 2.[5] At the last show, U2 drummer Larry Mullen, Jr. played drums on "Only Happy When It Rains".[6] Garbage wrapped up 2001 by performing at the Not So Silent Night radio festival in Los Angeles.[7]
The Beautiful Garbage tour started in earnest in January 2002 in New Zealand and Australia, when Garbage joined the Big Day Out rock festival.[8] In between the festival shows, Garbage headlined two concerts in Melbourne and Sydney.[9] Garbage then spent ten days in Japan, performing four headline shows in Osaka and Tokyo.
Garbage launched a headline UK tour on April 1 in Portsmouth, a run that included an acoustic performance in Edinburgh and headlining MTV's 5 Night Stand.[10] The band were supported on the UK dates by Kelli Ali. Beyond the UK, the run extended to a number of shows in Cologne, Amsterdam and Bourges. On April 19, Garbage returned to play a six-week itinerary of North American dates.[11] Beginning in Toronto, the tour was routed down the Eastern Coast of America, over to the Midwest and then onto the West Coast. The jaunt ended with two night stint in Los Angeles.[12] Garbage are supported by Abandoned Pools and on some shows, by White Stripes; during the tour, Vig is taken ill (later diagnosed as Bell's Palsy) and is replaced again by Matt Chamberlain.[13] Garbage wrapped the North American tourdates on June 6 in Mexico City.
A month-long European trek began June 10 in Madrid, covering major rock festivals including Glastonbury and Roskilde. Matt Walker stood in for Vig for the rest of the summer.[13] Garbage perform two shows in Nice and Lyon supporting Red Hot Chili Peppers, and a further two headlining French shows in Lille and Paris with Mercury Rev as support. The European leg ended at Espárrago Rock in Spain on July 12. Throughout the run, Manson is dogged by vocal problems, with her voice giving in at Roskilde, and leading to the cancellation of a few festival appearances.[14] After a six-week break, Garbage return to the United Kingdom to perform their last European shows of the year – two intimate club gigs in London.[15]
With Vig rejoining the ranks following his recovery period, Garbage headed to Australia to perform at the four date M-One festival across the country at the beginning of October.[16] Garbage then joined No Doubt, who were promoting their Rock Steady album, to co-headline a trek around the United States. Support came from The Distillers. Kicking off on October 15 in West Kingston, Rhode Island, the tour was route down the Eastern Seaboard, and into Southern States before heading to the Pacific Northwest region and onto the American Southwest.[17] The tour ended on November 27 in Long Beach, California.
Garbage went on to perform one further show, in George Town, Grand Cayman. Degree flew 200 competition winners to the Cayman Islands for a beachside Garbage concert.[18] One competition winner was matched with a local for an episode of the reality show Blind Date and both got to meet the band.[19]
Broadcast and recordings
Garbage: Live at Eagles Ballroom 2002 was a long-form live video DVD planned for release in 2002 by Garbage to document the North American leg of the Beautiful Garbage tour, utlilizing footage shot on May 11, 2002 at the Eagles Ballroom in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The footage likely went unreleased because the band's worldwide record label Mushroom Records UK was wound down before it was sold to Warner Music label EastWest in early 2003.[20] An entry for the DVD release was included on the band's official website discography in April 2005;[21] while Director Kenneth A. LaBarre uploaded a rough cut of "Special" to his YouTube channel on January 3, 2007.[22] The video was an outtake from a 5-song demo DVD that LaBarre submitted to the band and their management at Q Prime in June 2002.
The origin of the DVD came from a pitch to the band and the band's management made by friend Author Jim Berkenstadt who along with LaBarre thought the band would be interested in recording a hometown concert for release, or archive for future use. The material would be owned and controlled by the band, unlike footage from previous TV appearances.[23] The approach that LaBarre proposed, with the help of DP Bruce Johnson, was to create a "low impact, high quality digital video" document of the show using a mix of the latest Canon DV cameras and avoid using any cranes, jibs or mobile production trucks to maintain a small footprint and low budget.[22] The footage was shot using eight cameras total. Two Canon Elura cameras with wide angle lenses were placed in and behind Butch Vig's drum kit, two Canon XL1 cameras set on tripods (centre and stage-right) were positioned in the balcony, two handheld Canon XL1 cameras (one operated by director LaBarre) were the pit in front of the stage, and a Canon XL1 handheld camera was run by DP Johnson on the stage-left.[23][23] As of December 2012 the full show has not been released though LaBarre still has all the audio and video tapes from the show archived for potential future use.
Opening Acts
- Kelli Ali (Europe – Leg 2)
- Abandoned Pools (North America – Leg 3)
- White Stripes (Mesa)
- Mercury Rev (Europe – Leg 3)
- Raphaël (Europe – Leg 3 select dates)
- Queen Adreena (Europe – Leg 3 select dates)
- The Distillers (North America – Leg 4)
Setlists
- "Push It"
- "Special"
- "I Think I'm Paranoid"
- "Silence Is Golden"
- "Drive You Home"
- "Stupid Girl"
- "Shut Your Mouth"
- "Androgyny" initially; replaced by #"#1 Crush"
- "'Til the Day I Die"
- "Only Happy When it Rains"
- "Cherry Lips"
- "Push It"
- "Special"
- "I Think I'm Paranoid"
- "Androgyny"
- "Silence is Golden"
- "Drive You Home"
- "Supervixen"
- "Breaking Up the Girl"
- "Not My Idea"
- "'Til the Day I Die"
- "When I Grow Up"
- "Shut Your Mouth"
- "Milk"
- "Cherry Lips"
- "Stupid Girl"
- "Vow"
Encore:
- "Push It"
- "Special"
- "I Think I'm Paranoid"
- "Silence is Golden"
- "Drive You Home"
- "#1 Crush"
- "Stupid Girl"
- "Shut Your Mouth"
- "Breaking Up the Girl" initially; replaced by "'Til the Day I Die"
- "Cherry Lips"
- "Vow"
- "Only Happy When it Rains"
Tour dates
Date | City | Country | Venue |
---|---|---|---|
North America[A] | |||
October 10, 2001 | South Bend | United States | Notre Dame Joyce Center |
October 12, 2001 | Montreal | Canada | Molson Centre |
October 13, 2001 | Hamilton | Copps Coliseum | |
October 15, 2001 | Chicago | United States | United Center |
October 16, 2001 | |||
October 24, 2001 | New York City | Madison Square Garden | |
Europe | |||
November 2, 2001 | Trondheim | Norway | International Student Festival |
November 3, 2001 | Oslo | Spektrum | |
November 4, 2001 | Copenhagen | Denmark | Vega Musikkenshus |
November 5, 2001 | Hamburg | Germany | Große Freiheit 36 |
November 8, 2001 | Paris | France | Élysée Montmartre |
November 9, 2001 | Brussels | Belgium | Halles de Schaerbeek |
November 14, 2001 | London | United Kingdom | The Astoria |
North America[A] | |||
November 27, 2001 | Kansas City | United States | Kemper Arena |
November 28, 2001 | St. Louis | Savvis Center | |
November 30, 2001 | Atlanta | Philips Arena | |
December 1, 2001 | Tampa | Ice Palace | |
December 2, 2001 | Miami | American Airlines Arena | |
December 13, 2001 | Los Angeles | Shrine Auditorium | |
Oceania | |||
January 18, 2002 | Auckland | New Zealand | Big Day Out, Ericsson Stadium |
January 20, 2002 | Gold Coast | Australia | Gold Coast Parklands |
January 22, 2002 | Sydney | Hordern Pavilion | |
January 26, 2002 | Big Day Out, RAS Showgrounds | ||
January 28, 2002 | Melbourne | Big Day Out, Royal Showgrounds | |
January 29, 2002 | Metro Nightclub | ||
February 1, 2002 | Adelaide | Big Day Out, Royal Showgrounds | |
February 3, 2002 | Perth | Big Day Out, Claremont Showgrounds | |
Asia | |||
February 6, 2002 | Osaka | Japan | Zepp Osaka |
February 8, 2002 | Tokyo | Zepp Tokyo | |
February 9, 2002 | |||
February 12, 2002 | |||
Europe | |||
April 1, 2002 | Portsmouth | United Kingdom | Guildhall |
April 2, 2002 | Bristol | Colston Hall | |
April 3, 2002 | Wolverhampton | Civic Hall | |
April 5, 2002 | Edinburgh | The Corn Exchange | |
April 6, 2002 | Manchester | The Apollo | |
April 7, 2002 | London | Brixton Academy | |
April 8, 2002 | MTV 5 Night Stand | ||
April 10, 2002 | Cologne | Germany | The Palladium |
April 11, 2002 | Amsterdam | Netherlands | Heineken Music Hall |
April 13, 2002 | Bourges | France | Printemps de Bourges |
North America[24] | |||
April 19, 2002 | Toronto | Canada | Kool Haus |
April 20, 2002 | Cleveland | United States | Agora Theatre |
April 21, 2002 | Detroit | State Theatre | |
April 23, 2002 | Plainview | The Vanderbilt | |
April 24, 2002 | New York | Roseland Ballroom | |
April 26, 2002 | Philadelphia | Electric Factory | |
April 27, 2002 | Boston | EarthFest, MDC Hatch Shell | |
April 27, 2002 | The Avalon | ||
April 29, 2002 | Washington, D.C. | 9:30 Club | |
April 30, 2002 | |||
May 1, 2002 | Virginia Beach | Norva | |
May 2, 2002 | Myrtle Beach | House of Blues | |
May 4, 2002 | Nashville | River Stages | |
May 5, 2002 | Atlanta | Music Midtown | |
May 8, 2002 | Columbus | Promowest Pavilion | |
May 9, 2002 | Chicago | Riviera Theater | |
May 10, 2002 | Minneapolis | First Avenue | |
May 11, 2002 | Milwaukee | Eagles Ballroom | |
May 13, 2002 | St. Louis | Pageant Theater | |
May 14, 2002 | Kansas City | Uptown Theater | |
May 16, 2002 | Houston | Verizon Wireless Theater | |
May 17, 2002 | Dallas | Bronco Bowl | |
May 18, 2002 | Austin | Austin Music Hall | |
May 20, 2002 | Denver | Paramount Theater | |
May 23, 2002 | Los Angeles | E3[25] | |
May 24, 2002 | Seattle | Moore Theatre | |
May 25, 2002 | Portland | Roseland Theater | |
May 27, 2002 | San Francisco | Warfield Theater | |
May 28, 2002 | Las Vegas | The Joint, Hard Rock Casino | |
May 29, 2002 | Mesa | Mesa Amphitheatre | |
May 31, 2002 | San Diego | SDSU Open Air Amphitheater | |
June 1, 2002 | Los Angeles | Wiltern Theatre | |
June 2, 2002 | |||
June 6, 2002 | Mexico City | Mexico | National Auditorium |
Europe | |||
June 11, 2002 | Salamanca | Spain | Wurtzburg |
June 12, 2002 | Madrid | La Riviera | |
June 13, 2002 | Bilbao | Pavilion La Casilla | |
June 14, 2002 | Barcelona | Razzmatazz | |
June 16, 2002 | Imola | Italy | Heineken Jammin' Festival |
June 17, 2002 | Milan | Idroscalo | |
June 19, 2002[C] | Nice | France | Palais Nikaia |
June 20, 2002[C] | Lyon | Halle Tony Garnier | |
June 22, 2002 | Scheeßel | Germany | Hurricane Festival |
June 23, 2002 | Neuhausen ob Eck | Southside Festival | |
June 25, 2002 | Lille | France | Zénith de Lille |
June 26, 2002 | Paris | Le Zénith | |
June 28, 2002 | Pilton | United Kingdom | Glastonbury Festival |
June 29, 2002 | Skellefteå | Sweden | Skellefteå Festival |
June 30, 2002 | Roskilde | Denmark | Roskilde Festival |
July 2, 2002 | St. Petersburg | Russia | Ice Palace |
July 3, 2002 | Moscow | DS Luzhniki | |
July 6, 2002 | Ostend | Belgium | Seat Beach Rock Festival |
July 7, 2002 | Paris | France | Solidays Festival, Longchamps |
July 10, 2002 | Montreux | Switzerland | Montreux Jazz Festival |
July 12, 2002 | Jerez de la Frontera | Spain | Espárrago Rock |
August 27, 2002 | London | United Kingdom | Electric Ballroom |
August 28, 2002 | |||
Oceania | |||
October 5, 2002 | Brisbane | Australia | M-One Festival, ANZ Stadium |
October 7, 2002 | Sydney | M-One Festival, Showgrounds | |
October 10, 2002 | Adelaide | M-One Festival, Memorial Drive | |
October 12, 2002 | Melbourne | M-One Festival, Telstra Dome | |
North America[B] | |||
October 15, 2002 | Kingston | United States | Ryan Center |
October 17, 2002 | Philadelphia | First Union Spectrum | |
October 20, 2002 | Worcester | The Centrum | |
October 21, 2002 | Uniondale | Nassau Coliseum | |
October 23, 2002 | East Rutherford | Continental Airlines Arena | |
October 24, 2002 | Baltimore | Baltimore Arena | |
October 27, 2002 | Jacksonville | UNF Arena | |
October 29, 2002 | Fort Lauderdale | National Car Rental Center | |
October 30, 2002 | Orlando | TD Waterhouse Centre | |
November 1, 2002 | Houston | Reliant Arena | |
November 2, 2002 | New Orleans | Voodoo Music Experience | |
November 4, 2002 | Dallas | Smirnoff Music Centre | |
November 6, 2002 | Denver | Denver Coliseum | |
November 8, 2002 | Nampa | Idaho Center | |
November 9, 2002 | Portland | Rose Garden Arena | |
November 11, 2002 | Seattle | KeyArena | |
November 13, 2002 | Sacramento | ARCO Arena | |
November 14, 2002 | San Jose | Compaq Center | |
November 16, 2002 | Phoenix | Cricket Wireless Pavilion | |
November 19, 2002 | Las Cruces | Pan American Center | |
November 20, 2002 | Albuquerque | Tingley Coliseum | |
November 22, 2002 | Long Beach | Long Beach Arena | |
November 23, 2002 | |||
November 25, 2002 | Bakersfield | Rabobank Arena | |
November 26, 2002 | San Diego | Cox Arena | |
November 29, 2002 | Long Beach | Long Beach Arena | |
Caribbean | |||
December 10, 2002 | Hell | Grand Cayman | Degree Gel Party in Hell[26] |
- Festivals and other miscellaneous performances
- A Supporting U2 on Elevation tour
- B Co-headlining with No Doubt on Rock Steady tour
- C Supporting Red Hot Chili Peppers on By the Way tour
- Cancellations and rescheduled shows
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Box office score data
Date | Show | Venue | City | Tickets sold / available | Gross revenue |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
October 15–16, 2001 | U2 | United Center | Chicago | 39,368 / 39,368 (100%) | $3,206,600[28] |
October 24, 2001 | Madison Square Garden | New York | 18,385 / 18,385 (100%) | $1,568,790[28] | |
November 30, 2001 | Phillips Arena | Atlanta | 18,535 / 18,535 (100%) | $1,504,925[29] | |
December 1, 2001 | Ice Palace | Tampa | 16,494 / 16,494 (100%) | $1,339,865[29] | |
December 2, 2001 | American Airlines Arena | Miami | 16,197 / 16,197 (100%) | $1,350,595[29] | |
June 6, 2002 | Garbage | Auditorio National | Mexico City | 9,630 / 9,630 (100%) | $252,678[30] |
October 20, 2002 | No Doubt/Garbage | Centrum Center | Worcester | 10,899 / 13,000 (84%) | $368,380[31] |
October 21, 2002 | Nassau Coliseum | Uniondale | 8,910 / 14,183 (64%) | $292,950[32] | |
October 23, 2002 | Continental Airlines Arena | East Rutherford | 10,562 / 13,362 (79%) | $335,901[31] | |
November 13, 2002 | ARCO Arena | Sacramento | 9,759 / 11,420 (85%) | $292,865[33] | |
November 14, 2002 | HP Pavilion | San Jose | 13,618 / 14,502 (94%) | $460,682[34] | |
November 16, 2002 | Cricket Pavilion | Phoenix | 13,048 / 20,058 (65%) | $335,460[33] | |
November 26, 2002 | Cox Arena | San Diego | 8,476 / 9,632 (88%) | $296,660[33] | |
November 22–23, 29, 2002 | Long Beach Arena | Long Beach | 39,219 / 39,219 (100%) | $1,372,665[33] |
Promotional performances
Date | Show | Set |
---|---|---|
Sept 22, 2001 | cd:uk | "Androgyny" |
Sept 23, 2001 | Popworld | "Androgyny" |
Sept 2001 | Pepsi Chart Show | "Androgyny" |
Sept 2001 | The Base | "Androgyny" |
Sept 2001 | Top of the Pops | "Androgyny" |
Oct 2, 2001 | Virgin Megastore | "Androgyny", "Cherry Lips" |
Oct 8, 2001 | Late Show with David Letterman | "Androgyny" |
Nov 14, 2001 | Later... with Jools Holland | "'Til the Day I Die", "Cherry Lips", "Stupid Girl" |
Nov, 2001 | Evening Session | "Shut Your Mouth", "Drive You Home", "Cherry Lips", "Breaking Up the Girl" |
Nov 2001 | Top of the Pops | "Cherry Lips", "Breaking Up the Girl" |
Nov 2001 | Morning Glory | "Cherry Lips" |
Dec 8, 2001 | The Tonight Show with Jay Leno | "Breaking Up the Girl" |
Jan 5, 2002 | cd:uk | "Cherry Lips" |
Jan 6, 2002 | Popworld | "Cherry Lips" |
Jan 8, 2002 | Pepsi Chart Show | "Cherry Lips" |
Jan 24, 2002 | Channel [V] | "Androgyny", "Cherry Lips" |
March 15, 2002 | cd:uk | "Breaking Up the Girl" |
March 31, 2002 | Re:covered | "Wild Horses", "Shut Your Mouth" |
April 4, 2002 | Up Close | "Special", "Vow", "I Think I'm Paranoid", "So Like a Rose", "Drive You Home", "Only Happy When it Rains", "Breaking up the Girl", "Wild Horses" (acoustic set) |
June 3, 2002 | The Tonight Show with Jay Leno | "Cherry Lips" |
June 24, 2002 | TV Total | "Shut Your Mouth" |
August 27, 2002 | Kerrang! Awards | "Shut Your Mouth" |
August 29, 2002 | Top of the Pops | "Shut Your Mouth" |
Oct 8, 2002 | Rove Live | "Shut Your Mouth" |
Nov 15, 2002 | 101.5 Jamz | "I Think I'm Paranoid", "Drive You Home", "Only Happy When it Rains" (acoustic set) |
Feb 23, 2003 | MusiCares Person of the Year | "Pride (In the Name of Love)" |
References
- ↑ "Garbage, Stereophonics, No Doubt To Support U2 Tour". Billboard. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- ↑ "Butch Vig Blames Food Poisoning For illness". Tourdates.co.uk. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- ↑ "Illness Forces Vig Off Garbage's European Tour – Drummer/producer diagnosed with hepatitis A; full recovery expected". MTV. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- ↑ "SOME GARBAGE TOUR NEWS! The band hit the road to promote new LP 'beautifulgarbage'...". NME. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- ↑ "Elevation Third Leg 2001". U2Tours.com. Retrieved 2007-12-15.
- ↑ "An Offer U2 Can't Refuse". NME. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- ↑ "Goodwill and Good Acts Buoy Not So Silent Night". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- ↑ "Garbage, New Order Plan 'Big Day Out'". Billboard. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- ↑ "Garbage 'Go!' For It". NME. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- ↑ "Loads More Garbage". Manchester Evening News. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- ↑ "Garbage Launches North American Tour". Yahoo! Music. Retrieved 2011-07-07.
- ↑ "GARBAGE 'PUSH IT' A LITTLE FURTHER". NME. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- 1 2 "Garbage Drummer Off Tour With Ear Infection". Billboard. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- 1 2 Manson, Shirley. "07.01.02 Tour Diary July 1". Geffen. Archived from the original on 2010-12-17. Retrieved 2011-07-08.
- ↑ "Garbage's Ballroom Blitz!". NME. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- ↑ "ONE DAY EVERYONE WILL ROCK!". Frontier Touring Company. Retrieved 2011-05-30.
- ↑ "No Doubt, Garbage, Distillers Tour Starts In October". MTV. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- ↑ "Party In Hell". Garbagediscobox. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- ↑ "Party in Hell". Market Wire. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
- ↑ "Marshall builds for future as East West absorbs Mushroom". Music Week. Retrieved 2008-08-06.
- ↑ "Release Details; Garbage Live at Eagles Ballroom 2001 - Garbage". Geffen. Archived from the original on 2011-06-23. Retrieved 2011-07-07.
- 1 2 LaBarre, Kenneth. "Garbage "Special" Live in Milwaukee 05.11.02". YouTube. Retrieved 2011-07-07.
- 1 2 3 Johnson, Bruce A. (2002). Shooting Live Video on DV. Milwaukee: Digital Video magazine.
- ↑ Dominic, Serene. "White Wash". Phoenix New Times. Retrieved 2011-07-07.
- ↑ "Microsoft's E3 – Xbox Party". Wire Image. Archived from the original on 2011-09-30. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
- ↑ "Degree Gel Party in Hell Featuring Garbage 12/10/2002". Wire Image. Archived from the original on 2011-09-30. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
- ↑ Manson, Shirley. "07.08.02 Tour Diary July 8th". Geffen. Archived from the original on 2010-12-17. Retrieved 2011-07-08.
- 1 2 Box Score Concert Gross. Billboard (Google Books). 2001-11-24. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- 1 2 3 Box Score Concert Gross. Billboard (Google Books). 2001-12-15. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- ↑ Box Score Concert Gross. Billboard (Google Books). 2002-07-06. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- 1 2 Box Score Concert Gross. Billboard (Google Books). 2002-11-16. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- ↑ Box Score Concert Gross. Billboard (Google Books). 2002-11-09. Retrieved 2011-07-07.
- 1 2 3 4 Box Score Concert Gross. Billboard (Google Books). 2002-12-14. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
- ↑ Box Score Concert Gross. Billboard (Google Books). 2002-12-07. Retrieved 2011-05-25.