Barnoldswick

Barnoldswick
Barlick

A view from Weets Hill across Barnoldswick and Craven towards Ingleborough, Pen-y-ghent and Malham Cove in the Yorkshire Dales.
Barnoldswick
 Barnoldswick shown within Lancashire
Population 11,005 (2011)
OS grid referenceSD875465
Civil parishBarnoldswick
DistrictPendle
Shire countyLancashire
RegionNorth West
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post town BARNOLDSWICK
Postcode district BB18
Dialling code 01282
Police Lancashire
Fire Lancashire
Ambulance North West
EU Parliament North West England
UK ParliamentPendle
List of places
UK
England
Lancashire

Coordinates: 53°54′53″N 2°11′22″W / 53.9147°N 2.1895°W / 53.9147; -2.1895

Barnoldswick (colloquially known as Barlick) is a town and civil parish in Lancashire, England. Near the county border with North Yorkshire, it is just outside the Yorkshire Dales National Park and the Forest of Bowland Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The town is built in the shadow of Weets Hill, and Stock Beck, a tributary of the River Ribble, runs through the town. It has a population of 11,005.[1]

Barnoldswick and the surrounding areas of West Craven were part of the historic West Riding of Yorkshire between 876 (the earliest known written reference to the Ridings of York in the Anglo Saxon Chronicles) and 1974, when local government was reorganised; West Riding County Council and Barnoldswick Urban District Council were abolished and replaced in this area by the Borough of Pendle, a part of Lancashire.

Situated on the lower slopes of Weets Hill in the Pennines astride the natural watershed between the Ribble and Aire valleys, Barnoldswick is the highest town on the Leeds and Liverpool Canal,[2] lying on the summit level of the canal between Barrowford Locks to the south west and Greenberfield Locks just north east of the town. It is approximately 30 miles (48 km) from the cities of Leeds, Manchester and Preston. Nearby towns include Skipton to the east, Clitheroe to the west, Burnley to the south and Keighley to the east southeast.

Barnoldswick, with 12 letters, is one of the longest place names in the United Kingdom without repeating any letters. Buckfastleigh, Devon; Buslingthorpe, Leeds, West Yorkshire; and Buslingthorpe, Lincolnshire are longer, with 13 letters.

History

Barnoldswick dates back to Anglo Saxon times. It was listed in the Domesday Book as Bernulfsuuic, meaning Bernulf's Town (uuic being an archaic spelling of wick, meaning settlement, in particular, a dairy farm).[3][4]

A Cistercian monastery was founded there in 1147 by monks from Fountains Abbey. However they left after six years, before construction was complete, driven out by crop failures and locals unhappy at their interference in the affairs of the local church. They went on to build Kirkstall Abbey. They returned after another ten years to build the isolated Church of St Mary-le-Ghyll close to the road between Barnoldswick and Thornton in Craven.

For hundreds of years Barnoldswick remained a small village. However, the arrival of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal, and later the (now closed) railway, spurred the development of the existing woollen industry, and helped it to become a major cotton town. The engine of the last mill to be built in Barnoldswick, Bancroft Mill, has been preserved and is now open as a tourist attraction - a 600hp steam engine which is still operational.[5]

Governance

Barnoldswick was an ancient parish in Staincliffe Wapentake in the West Riding of Yorkshire (although Blackburnshire in Lancashire sometimes claimed the area).[6][7][8] The parish included the townships of Brogden with Admergill, Coates and Salterforth,[9] all of which became separate civil parishes in 1866. The civil parish of Coates rejoined the parish of Barnoldswick in 1923.[10]

From 1894 until 1974, Barnoldswick formed an urban district within the administrative county of the West Riding of Yorkshire[11] Until 1974 post used to be addressed via Colne, Lancashire, to addresses in Barnoldswick. Barnoldswick has had a Burnley telephone code even when it was in Yorkshire. Following the Local Government Act 1972, Barnoldswick and a number of surrounding Yorkshire villages, including Earby and Kelbrook, were transferred to the Borough of Pendle in the Non-metropolitan county of Lancashire in 1974. This was a contentious issue locally and for some residents it remains so to this day.

At present, Barnoldswick[12] has a town council, and forms part of the West Craven Area Committee on Pendle Borough Council.[13][14]

Local media

Barnoldswick receives TV from Leeds; ITV (Yorkshire Television) and BBC Yorkshire are both transmitted from the TV mast at East Marton, 3 miles north-east of Barnoldswick.[15] TV transmissions from the North-West region BBC North West and ITV (Granada Television) are blocked by Weets Hill. Up until 2011, analogue signals of Channel 4 could be received, but Five was extremely limited. Radio reception is also restricted in the town. There is a local low-power FM relay station, transmitting the four main BBC national radio stations (Radio 1 to 4), but no local stations.[16] Fresh Radio[17] in Skipton covered the area on AM – 1413 kHz before being taken over by Stray FM, part of the UKRD Group, which also owns 2BR, the adjacent station based near Accrington

The town now receives digital terrestrial signals. and cable services as well as via Sky or Freesat.

The local press is published weekly; the Craven Herald & Pioneer and Barnoldswick and Earby Times are published on Fridays, the daily Lancashire Telegraph newspaper covers Barnoldswick in its Burnley, Pendle and Rossendale edition and the Yorkshire Post is also prominent.

Local industry

Since 1854 Barnoldswick has been the home of Esse stoves, one of the country's oldest standing stove manufacturers. The company have manufactured in the town since 1854 and clients have included Florence Nightingale, Shackleton and Scott, Alan Hinkes and River Cottage. Esse have their head office at the Ouzledale Factory in the town and distribute all their stoves through a close link of specialist stove retailers.[18]

The longest strike - Silentnight picket-line in 1986

Barnoldswick is also home to Silentnight Beds, the UK's largest manufacturer of beds and mattresses. Silentnight, part of the Silentnight Group, has its head office and manufacturing premises in the town.[19][20] Silentnight is noteworthy in trade union history (in this case Furniture, Timber and Allied Trades Union) as having the longest ever strike, from 1985 to 1987.[21]

Rolls Royce plc is a large employer based in the town. It was originally a cotton mill that Rover used to produce the production version of Whittles gas turbine and was purchased by Rolls Royce in 1943.[22] The model number of many Rolls Royce jet engines start with the initials RB (e.g. RB199) which stands for Rolls Barnoldswick, as Rolls Royce aero's design centre was situated in Barnoldswick.[23]

Hope Technology, a manufacturer of mountain bike parts such as disc brakes, hubs, and headsets, is based in Barnoldswick.[24]

Albert Hartley Textiles is the last remaining textiles mill in the town and is a big employer for the local area. Originally there were 13 mills in the town, the last being constructed in 1920.[25] There are currently plans to renovate the mill and create a local apprenticeship scheme. Put in place by Manchester-based property developers, Capital & Centric Plc the scheme would involve construction of a new factory and a medium-sized supermarket.[26] In August 2012, the plans were approved over two other competing schemes, the council citing that, in addition to adhering with planning policy, the Harley site was favoured because of the job creation for the town.[27]

Education

Barnoldswick is served by four primary schools; Gisburn Road, Church School and Coates Lane, whilst St. Joseph's caters to the town's Catholic population. Most secondary age students attend West Craven High School, a Technology specialist school situated in Barnoldswick itself, though a significant minority of students attend Fisher More Catholic Humanities College and Colne Park High School, and the Skipton Grammar Schools, Ermysted's and Skipton Girls' High School.

Transport

Barnoldswick is often cited as the largest town in the British Isles not to be served by any A-roads. However, in spite of this, road links to the town are comparatively good; easy access to the M65, A65 and A59 means that Manchester, Preston, Leeds and Bradford can all be reached in an hour by car.

Barnoldswick was formerly served by Barnoldswick railway station, the only station on the Midland Railway's branch line off the Skipton to Colne Line, though this was shut under the Beeching Axe in 1965. The pressure group Selrap is currently campaigning for the reopening of the Skipton to Colne line, and although their plans do not include the Barnoldswick Branch, rail travel to the town would be improved by such a reopening. At present, would-be rail passengers must travel via Colne or Clitheroe for trains serving Lancashire, or via Skipton for trains serving North and West Yorkshire.

Public transport to the town is therefore restricted to buses. Barnoldswick lies on the bus routes between Skipton and Burnley and between Skipton and Clitheroe/Preston, operated by Transdev in Burnley & Pendle and Preston bus respectively. On Sundays there is a service from Burnley to Grassington in the Yorkshire Dales National Park that passes through Barnoldswick.

The nearest airports are Manchester (about 1¼ hours by car or about 3 hours by public transport) and Leeds Bradford (just over 1 hour by car or about 2 hours by public transport).[28]

Sport

The town's main football club, Barnoldswick Town, play in the North West Counties League.

Notable residents

See also

References

  1. ↑ Office for National Statistics : Census 2011
  2. ↑ "The Leeds & Liverpool Canal". Canal Junction. canaljunction.com. Retrieved 2 October 2009.
  3. ↑ Kabrna, P. "Barnoldswick". kabrna.com. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  4. ↑ "Early History of Barnoldswick". my-barlick.me.uk. Archived from the original on 12 June 2010. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  5. ↑ "Bancroft Mill". bancroftmill.org.uk. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  6. ↑ http://cistercians.shef.ac.uk/kirkstall/lands/lands8.php Monks' Lands at Barnoldswick
  7. ↑ http://www.barrowford.org/page13.html Local Area History
  8. ↑ http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=36238 House of Kirkstall history
  9. ↑ http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/WRY/Barnoldswick/Barnoldswick68.html Genuki website
  10. ↑ http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10397029/relationships Vision of Britain website: Barnoldswick AP/CP
  11. ↑ http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10136398&c_id=10001043[] A Vision of Britain Through Time : Barnoldswick Urban District
  12. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 27 November 2013. Retrieved 2014-06-13. About Barnoldswick
  13. ↑ http://www.pendlelife.co.uk/roundabout/opencms/directory/town_and_parish_councils/barnoldswicktowncouncil/index.html Barnoldswick Town Council
  14. ↑ West Craven Committee (Pendle Borough Council
  15. ↑ http://tx.mb21.co.uk/gallery/skipton.php Craven/Skipton Area TV Transmitter
  16. ↑ http://tx.mb21.co.uk/gallery/barnoldswick.php Local BBC FM Transmitter
  17. ↑ http://www.freshradio.co.uk Fresh Radio Website
  18. ↑ http://www.esse.com ESSE Engineering Ltd Website
  19. ↑ http://www.silentnightgroup.co.uk/ Silentnight Group Website
  20. ↑ http://www.silentnight.co.uk/ Silentnight Beds Website
  21. ↑ "What came after the longest strike in history was finally put to bed". Craven Herald. 11 Apr 2009. Retrieved 2016-06-14.
  22. ↑ "North West Development Agency Press Release 2006". nwda.co.uk. Archived from the original on 8 February 2012. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  23. ↑ LCC Lancashire Aerospace Heritage Archived 5 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine.
  24. ↑ "Hope Tech - Made in Barnoldswick, England". hopetech.com. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  25. ↑ "Barnoldswick". Pendle.net. Archived from the original on 27 November 2013. Retrieved 13 June 2014.
  26. ↑ "> News > Consultation into textile mill plans". Place North West. 20 June 2012. Retrieved 13 June 2014.
  27. ↑ "Three-way supermarket fight in Barnoldswick sees local fabric firm triumph (From Lancashire Telegraph)". Lancashiretelegraph.co.uk. 21 August 2012. Retrieved 13 June 2014.
  28. ↑ "Route Planner | Public Transport & Car Journey Planner | Transport Direct". Transportdirect.info. Archived from the original on 13 June 2014. Retrieved 13 June 2014.

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