Bread Street

Ward of Bread Street
Paternoster Square is located within Bread Street Ward.
Location within the City
Ward of Bread Street  Ward of Bread Street shown within Greater London
OS grid reference	TQ319812
Sui generis	City of London
Administrative area	Greater London
Region	London
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	LONDON
Postcode district	EC4
Dialling code	020
Police	City of London
Fire	London
Ambulance	London
EU Parliament	London
UK Parliament	Cities of London and Westminster
London Assembly	City and East
List of places UK England London

Coordinates: 51°30′52″N 0°05′48″W / 51.5144°N 0.0966°W

Bread Street is one of the 25 wards of the City of London the name deriving from its principal street, which was anciently the City's bread market; for by the records it appears as that in 1302:^[1] "the bakers of London were ordered to sell no bread at their houses but in the open market at Bread Street".^[2] The street itself is just under 500 ft (153 m) in length and now forms the eastern boundary of the ward after the 2003 boundary changes.

The modern ward extends much further west from Bread Street itself and includes Paternoster Square, a modern development to the north of St Paul's Cathedral and home of the London Stock Exchange since 2004.^[3] The City's major shopping centre which opened in 2010 is at One New Change within Bread Street Ward.

Boundaries

As with most of the City's 25 wards, the boundaries of Bread Street were altered quite considerably in 2003, having remained almost unchanged for centuries. The ward is now bounded on its north by Cheap Ward; to the east by Cordwainer Ward; to the south by Queenhithe and Vintry Wards; and to the west by Castle Baynard and Farringdon Within Wards.^[2] Its geographical boundaries are Bread Street in the east; Newgate Street and Cheapside in the north; Warwick Lane and Ave Maria Lane in the west; and Queen Victoria Street to the south.

St Paul's Cathedral is outside the ward boundaries, being in Castle Baynard Ward, but St Paul's Cathedral School, situated between the cathedral and New Change is within the ward.

Livery companies and parish churches

Five successive Livery Halls of the Worshipful Company of Cordwainers (workers in fine leather) stood in the ward. They are commemorated by a blue plaque in the gardens of St Paul's facing Cannon Street. The fifth and last hall was built between 1909-10 but, on the night of 10 May 1941, was gutted during the Blitz.^[4]

There were once two churches in the ward, All Hallows Bread Street and St Mildred, Bread Street, both to the design of Christopher Wren. Today their former parishes comprise part of St Mary-le-Bow on Cheapside. All Hallows was demolished in 1876 to make way for warehouses, and St Mildred was destroyed during The Blitz in April and May 1941.^[5]

Politics

Bread Street is one of 25 wards in the City of London, each electing one Alderman and a number of Common Councilmen (equivalent to Councillor) on the Court of Common Council of the City of London Corporation. Only Freemen of the City are eligible to stand for election to the Court of Aldermen and for the Common Council, a candidate must be a Freeman and also an elector, a resident, or an owner of freehold or leasehold land within the City of London.

As of July 2014, the elected members for Bread Street include Alderman William Russell,^[6] Deputy Giles Shilson and Common Councilman Oliver Lodge.^[7]

John Milton's blue plaque.

Notable residents

Admiral Arthur Phillip, Commander of the First Fleet and first Governor of New South Wales, was baptised at All Hallows' Bread Street in 1738; he joined the Royal Navy in 1755 and died on 31 August 1814 and is remembered on Australia Day. A bust of Admiral Phillip can be seen in the church gardens on Watling Street.

John Donne Memorial

Lord Mayor John Ansley was elected Alderman for Bread Street in 1800.^[8]

Bread Street is the birthplace of the poets John Donne and John Milton, both of whom are commemorated within Bread Street Ward.

References

1. 30 Edw. I. Court Rolls
2. Book 2, Ch. 9: Bread Street Ward, A New History of London: including Westminster and Southwark (1773), pp. 558-60
3. City of London Police - Ward Profile Archived 2 May 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
4. Cordwainers' Later History
5. London Parishes www.stmarylebow.co.uk
6. www.cityoflondon.gov.uk
7. City of London Corporation: Elections Archived 20 July 2013 at the Wayback Machine.
8. The Gentleman's Magazine. W. Pickering. 1845.

External links

• Map of Early Modern London: Bread Street Ward - Historical Map and Encyclopedia of Shakespeare's London (Scholarly)
• Map of Early Modern London - Historical Map and Encyclopedia of Shakespeare's London, showing ward boundaries and reproducing John Stow's description of the wards (Scholarly)
• www.onenewchange.com
• Ward Club