CMKLR1
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Chemokine like receptor 1 also known as ChemR23 (Chemerin Receptor 23) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CMKLR1 gene.[4][5] Chemokine receptor-like 1 is a G protein-coupled receptor for the chemoattractant adipokine chemerin[6] and the omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid-derived specialized pro-resolving molecule, resolvin E1 (see Specialized proresolving mediators#EPA-derived resolvins (i.e. RvE)).[7] The murine receptor that shares almost 80% homology with the human receptor, is called Dez.[8]
Tissue distribution
CMKLR1 shows wide RNA expression profile but is notably high in plasmacytoid dendritic cells, macrophages, cardiomyocytes, adipocytes and endothelial cells.[9]
Function
Activating CMKLR1 by an agonist mobilizes intracellular calcium and causes the activation of several other signaling cascades like the ERK1 and NF-κB. Initial studies of CMKLR1 suggested that it might have a role in the inflammatory pathways. Its cognate ligand, chemerin was found in joint aspirate from rheumatoid arthritis and absent in aspirate from degenerative arthritis. CMKLR1 expression by plasmacytoid dendritic cells and macrophages also helped foster this idea. In vitro chemotaxis assays showed it to be utilized in attracting these cells. As an adipokine receptor it has a role in adipogenesis and adipocyte maturation.[10] It seems also to have a role in peripheral insulin resistance.[11]
Also studies using the mouse zymosan model and chemerin peptides showed that these peptides suppressed and helped resolve the peritonitis in mice.[12] The same model showed that this particular molecule enhances macrophage efferocytosis (phagocyting apoptotic cells).[13]
References
- ↑ "Diseases that are genetically associated with CMKLR1 view/edit references on wikidata".
- ↑ "Human PubMed Reference:".
- ↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: CMKLR1 chemokine-like receptor 1".
- ↑ Gantz I, Konda Y, Yang YK, Miller DE, Dierick HA, Yamada T (1996). "Molecular cloning of a novel receptor (CMKLR1) with homology to the chemotactic factor receptors". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 74 (4): 286–90. doi:10.1159/000134436. PMID 8976386.
- ↑ Wittamer V, Franssen JD, Vulcano M, Mirjolet JF, Le Poul E, Migeotte I, Brézillon S, Tyldesley R, Blanpain C, Detheux M, Mantovani A, Sozzani S, Vassart G, Parmentier M, Communi D (October 2003). "Specific recruitment of antigen-presenting cells by chemerin, a novel processed ligand from human inflammatory fluids". J. Exp. Med. 198 (7): 977–85. doi:10.1084/jem.20030382. PMC 2194212. PMID 14530373.
- ↑ Arita M, Bianchini F, Aliberti J, Sher A, Chiang N, Hong S, Yang R, Petasis NA, Serhan CN (March 2005). "Stereochemical assignment, antiinflammatory properties, and receptor for the omega-3 lipid mediator resolvin E1". J. Exp. Med. 201 (5): 713–22. doi:10.1084/jem.20042031. PMC 2212834. PMID 15753205.
- ↑ Methner A, Hermey G, Schinke B, Hermans-Borgmeyer I (April 1997). "A novel G protein-coupled receptor with homology to neuropeptide and chemoattractant receptors expressed during bone development". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 233 (2): 336–42. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6455. PMID 9144535.
- ↑ Kaur J, Adya R, Tan BK, Chen J, Randeva HS (January 2010). "Identification of chemerin receptor (ChemR23) in human endothelial cells: chemerin-induced endothelial angiogenesis". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 391 (4): 1762–8. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.12.150. PMID 20044979.
- ↑ Goralski KB, McCarthy TC, Hanniman EA, Zabel BA, Butcher EC, Parlee SD, Muruganandan S, Sinal CJ (September 2007). "Chemerin, a novel adipokine that regulates adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism". J. Biol. Chem. 282 (38): 28175–88. doi:10.1074/jbc.M700793200. PMID 17635925.
- ↑ Takahashi M, Takahashi Y, Takahashi K, Zolotaryov FN, Hong KS, Kitazawa R, Iida K, Okimura Y, Kaji H, Kitazawa S, Kasuga M, Chihara K (March 2008). "Chemerin enhances insulin signaling and potentiates insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes". FEBS Lett. 582 (5): 573–8. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2008.01.023. PMID 18242188.
- ↑ Cash JL, Hart R, Russ A, Dixon JP, Colledge WH, Doran J, Hendrick AG, Carlton MB, Greaves DR (April 2008). "Synthetic chemerin-derived peptides suppress inflammation through ChemR23". J. Exp. Med. 205 (4): 767–75. doi:10.1084/jem.20071601. PMC 2292217. PMID 18391062.
- ↑ Cash JL, Christian AR, Greaves DR (May 2010). "Chemerin peptides promote phagocytosis in a ChemR23- and Syk-dependent manner". J. Immunol. 184 (9): 5315–24. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0903378. PMID 20363975.
Further reading
- Owman C, Lolait SJ, Santén S, Olde B (1998). "Molecular cloning and tissue distribution of cDNA encoding a novel chemoattractant-like receptor.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 241 (2): 390–4. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.7822. PMID 9425281.
- Samson M, Edinger AL, Stordeur P, et al. (1998). "ChemR23, a putative chemoattractant receptor, is expressed in monocyte-derived dendritic cells and macrophages and is a coreceptor for SIV and some primary HIV-1 strains.". Eur. J. Immunol. 28 (5): 1689–700. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199805)28:05<1689::AID-IMMU1689>3.0.CO;2-I. PMID 9603476.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
- Hillman RT, Green RE, Brenner SE (2005). "An unappreciated role for RNA surveillance.". Genome Biol. 5 (2): R8. doi:10.1186/gb-2004-5-2-r8. PMC 395752. PMID 14759258.
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
- Mårtensson UE, Fenyö EM, Olde B, Owman C (2006). "Characterization of the human chemerin receptor--ChemR23/CMKLR1--as co-receptor for human and simian immunodeficiency virus infection, and identification of virus-binding receptor domains.". Virology. 355 (1): 6–17. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2006.07.010. PMID 16904155.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.