Canada Water station

Canada Water
Cylindrical main station entrance
Canada Water Location of Canada Water in Greater London
Location	Canada Water
Local authority	London Borough of Southwark
Managed by	London Underground
Owner	Transport for London
Station code	ZCW
Number of platforms	4
Accessible	Yes [1]
Fare zone	2
London Underground annual entry and exit
2012	10.72 million[2]
2013	11.56 million[2]
2014	11.81 million[2]
2015	12.78 million[2]
National Rail annual entry and exit
2010–11	2.794 million[3]
2011–12	4.883 million[3]
2012–13	6.500 million[3]
2013–14	6.214 million[3]
2014–15	10.331 million[3]
Railway companies
Original company	London Regional Transport
Key dates
19 August 1999	East London Line opened
17 September 1999	Jubilee Line opened
23 December 2007	East London Line services withdrawn as part of London Underground
27 April 2010[4]	East London Line Services as part of London Overground begin
Other information
Lists of stations	DLR Underground National Rail Tramlink
External links	Departures Layout Facilities Buses
WGS84	51°29′54″N 0°03′00″W / 51.498333°N 0.05°WCoordinates: 51°29′54″N 0°03′00″W / 51.498333°N 0.05°W
London Transport portal UK Railways portal

Canada Water is an interchange station between the London Underground and London Overground. It is located in Rotherhithe, in south London, England. It takes its name from Canada Water, a lake which was created from a former dock in the London Docklands.

The station is located on the Jubilee line between Bermondsey and Canary Wharf stations and on the London Overground between Rotherhithe and Surrey Quays stations, and provides an interchange point between the two lines. It is in Travelcard Zone 2.

London Overground services commenced on the East London Line on 27 April 2010, as the replacement extension of the historic tube line.

History

Canada Water was originally intended to be a stop on the aborted Fleet Line Extension to Thamesmead. The extension was never built, but Canada Water became the only projected Fleet Line Extension station to be realised on the Jubilee Line Extension.^[5]

The station is a wholly new building on a derelict site formerly occupied by Albion Dock, part of the old Surrey Commercial Docks.^[5] The station was one of the first designed for the Jubilee Line Extension. The contract for the station's construction was initially awarded to Wimpey in 1993 for the sum of £21.3 million and was later taken over by Tarmac (now Carillion).^[6] Construction began in 1995. It proved extremely challenging, requiring the excavation (by cut-and-cover) of a void 150 m (490 ft) long, 23 m (75 ft) wide and 22 m (72 ft) deep. The building of the East London Line station required a separate slot at right angles, 130 m (430 ft) long, 13 m (43 ft) deep and tapering in width, incorporating a Victorian railway tunnel. Construction was complicated by the high water table on the site, which is located on the Thames flood plain; extensive deep-well dewatering was required to lower the water table before the enclosure to the excavations could be built. A total of 120,000 m³ (4,237,760 ft³) of spoil had to be excavated. An additional complication was the location of the excavation site, near the foundations of two existing 22-storey tower blocks and the northern end of the former Canada Dock, now the ornamental lake Canada Water. The section of East London line running through the station was completely reconstructed, with the 19th-century brick railway tunnel being dismantled and the track relaid over a new structure bridging the Jubilee line tracks below. As the East London line had to be closed for this work, London Underground took the opportunity to carry out other remedial works such as repairs to the Thames Tunnel, a short distance to the north.^[7]

It was opened on 19 August 1999, served initially by East London line trains. The Jubilee line passenger service from the station began on 17 September 1999.^[8]

In 2012, it was used as a filming location for part of the pilot episode of the BBC/Cinemax British-American spy drama, Hunted (TV series).

Canada Water was the first station to receive external sponsorship; Nestle sponsored the station on the day of the 2015 London Marathon, and roundels in the station were edited to advertise Nestle's Buxton Water. The one-day sponsorship was part of a plan to increase Transport for London's non-fare revenue, costing Nestle £110,000.^[9]

Architecture

Station viewed from the roof of Canada Water library

Below-ground view of the "drum"

Canada Water station

The station, which was the first to be designed in the Jubilee Line Extension project, has been described by the Hong Kong MTR's chief architect Roland Paoletti as "the only station on the JLE that has been built to the strict engineering economies of the specification of a Hong Kong interchange station." Above ground, its most salient feature is a striking glass "drum" 25 m (82 ft) across, which covers a deep opening descending almost to the Jubilee line platforms, 22 m (72 ft) below the surface. This feature was designed to allow natural light to reach deep into the station, a design principle common to many of the stations on the Jubilee Line Extension. The drum was designed and constructed by Buro Happold.^[7] It is notably similar to the brick drum designed by Charles Holden for Arnos Grove station on the Piccadilly line in the 1930s, but is much more oriented towards the entry of daylight.^[10]

The drum is accompanied by a glass-roofed bus station designed by Eva Jiřičná which serves as a hub for services in the Rotherhithe and Bermondsey areas. The bus station was designed to fit in a relatively small site between the station drum, the railway's ventilation openings, a high wall and the adjoining tower blocks. Its most distinctive feature is a row of 16 m (52 ft)-long roof spans cantilevered from a row of central columns supporting a 100 m (330 ft)-long glass and aluminium canopy. This provides acoustic protection to the residential blocks and shelters passengers waiting below.^[6]

Below ground, the station is dominated by a huge concrete box, large enough to accommodate one of the Canary Wharf skyscrapers on its side. It is lined by a series of huge concrete pillars designed to take the weight of a planned nine-storey building on the surface as well as the roadway and bus station.^[7] The station has four lifts and eight escalators with an average rise of about 6.5 m (21 ft) to connect the lower parts of the station with street level. It is built on three levels: the ticket office and shops lie immediately below ground, the two north-south East London line platforms are situated on the second level 11 m (36 ft) below the ground, and the two east-west Jubilee line platforms are on the lowest level 22 m (72 ft) down.

The station was the winner of the Civic Trust Building of the Year Award for 2000, and the Interchange Awards' Medium Size Project of the Year award for 2001.^[11]

Connections

London Buses routes 1, 47, 188, 199, 225, 381, C10 and P12 and night routes N1, N199 and N381 serve the station and bus station.

Services

Canada Water is the busiest two-platform National Rail station, with 10.3 million entries and exits to the NR platforms in 2014/15.^[12]

References

1. "Step free Tube Guide" (PDF). Transport for London. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 June 2015.
2. "Multi-year station entry-and-exit figures" (XLS). London Underground station passenger usage data. Transport for London. April 2016. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
3. "Station usage estimates". Rail statistics. Office of Rail Regulation. Please note: Some methodology may vary year on year.
4. BBC London:The new East London Line opens to the public Accessed 27 April 2010
5. Kenneth Powell. The Jubilee Line Extension: A Celebration, p. 84. Laurence King, 2000. ISBN 1-85669-184-5
6. Bob Mitchell. Jubilee Line Extension: From Concept to Completion, pp. 169-172. Thomas Telford, 2003
7. David Bennett, Dennis Gilbert, Roland Paoletti. Architecture of the Jubilee Line Extension, p. 64-71. Thomas Telford, 2004. ISBN 0-7277-3088-6
8. Horne, M: The Jubilee Line, page 80. Capital Transport Publishing, 2000.
9. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/canada-water-underground-to-be-renamed-buxton-water-for-london-marathon-day-10199174.html
10. Derek Phillips, Carl Gardner. Daylighting: Natural Light in Architecture. Elsevier, 2004. ISBN 0-7506-6323-5
11. Mitchell, p. 356.
12. ORR statistics as per infobox

External links

• Eva Jiricna Architects - Canada Water Bus Station
• More photographs of Canada Water station