Cedar Grove, Ontario

Cedar Grove
Unincorporated community
Coordinates: 43°51′28″N 79°12′13″W / 43.85778°N 79.20361°W
Country	Canada
Province	Ontario
Regional municipality	York
City	Markham
Established	1832
Elevation	177 m (581 ft)
Time zone	EST (UTC-5)
• Summer (DST)	EDT (UTC-4)
Area code(s)	905 and 289
NTS Map	030M14
GNBC Code	FAPKR

Cedar Grove is a community in Markham, Ontario on the Little Rouge River. It is centred on 14th Avenue and Reesor Road (10th Line) and within the boundaries of the future national Rouge Park.

History

James Osborne of North Carolina, with wife and children, first settled in the Cedar Grove area in the late eighteenth century. In 1804 Mennonite settlers from Pennsylvania (sometimes called the Pennsylvania Dutch) arrived in Cedar Grove, headed by Peter Reesor, who first scouted the area for his community in the 1790s. Reesor bought the Osborne lot (lot 4, conc. 9) and performed the settlement duties for the original grantee in 1804; he then acquired lot 5 in 1805.^[1] The stone house on the Reesor homestead was built in 1832.^[2]

By 1820, John Eby Reesor helped to construct a log building at the corner of Steeles Ave. and 11th Line to serve as both a school and a church, for Mennonites and Presbyterians. About 1850, a frame school building was constructed on the north side of 14th Ave., east of 10th Line to accommodate the growing community. The old school house is now Cedar Grove Community Centre. In 1869, this building was replaced by a red brick school across the south side of 14th Ave. "Cedar Grove school was unique ... in having a gallery where in winter any adult could come and get a bit of learning by listening to the classes below."^[3]

By 1878 the hamlet also had four mills, a post office and general store, tavern and inn, and blacksmith shop (now at the Markham Museum and Historical Village).^[4] A Mennonite Meeting House was built on lot 4, conc. 9 in 1867, although the grounds were used as a cemetery (now Rouge Valley Mennonite Church Cemetery) as early as 1824.^[5] The Zion Presbyterian Church constructed a frame-building on the 11th Line near Steeles in 1856, which was replaced by a stone building (now Heritage United Church) in 1890.^[6]

Today Cedar Grove is best known as the home of Cedarena, an outdoor skating facility built in 1927. Once one of the largest rinks in the province (olympic size), the historical rink is still in use.^[7]

Little Rouge Valley Vine

The Little Rouge Valley Vine, or "Great Vine", is the largest natural vine in the Ontario mixed forests. Situated next to the Little Rouge River in the heart of the valley, the "Great Vine" is over 30 cm in diameter at the base and is estimated to have runners which, together, stretch over 1 km.^[8]

In 2009, botanists from the University of Toronto attempted to locate and study the magnificent specimen. However, they were purposefully misguided by a local native wielding a buck knife in order to protect the longevity and importance of the vine. Due to the local population's efforts to keep the vine secret, very few outsiders have ever witnessed its beauty.^[9]

Future: Rouge National Park

While much of the city of Markham immediately west of Cedar Grove has become residential, the land immediately around Cedar Grove is still in agricultural use. In 2011 the Canadian Federal Government announced plans to create a national Rouge Park. The park will completely encompass the community of Cedar Grove.^[10]

The Little Rouge River which flows through Cedar Grove is a tributary of the Rouge River, with water flowing south from the Oak Ridges Moraine to Lake Ontario.

Cedar Grove Community Centre

Cedar Grove Community Centre is a small city owned facility housed in the former Cedar Grove Schoolhouse (S.S. #20) built in 1869 serving the Mennonite community in the area.^[11]

References

1. North Pickering Community Development Project, The Historical Complexities of Pickering, Markham, Scarborough and Uxbridge, Sept. 1973, p. 46.
2. For a full account of Cedar Grove's history, cf. Isabel Champion, ed., Markham: 1793-1900 (Markham, ON: Markham Historical Society, 1979), 235-237; 173; 27ff. See also the detailed 1878 map, "Township of Markham," Illustrated historical atlas of the county of York and the township of West Gwillimbury & town of Bradford in the county of Simcoe, Ont. (Toronto: Miles & Co., 1878).
3. In I. Champion, ed., Markham: 1793-1900, 173. See also The Historical Complexities of Pickering, Markham, Scarborough and Uxbridge, (Sept. 1973), pp. 57f.
4. See pictures of the Lapp Brothers' cider mill, general store, Mennonite Church, Peter and Esther Reesor gravestone, United (earlier Presbyterian) Church, school, and Reesor Homestead from the Pickering-Ajax Digital Archive (PADA).
5. Cf. J. Fretz, "Cedar Grove Mennonite Church," Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online, 1953; today known as the Rouge Valley Mennonite Church. See also Paul Burkholder, "Highlights of Mennonite History in the Markham Community," Mennonite Historical Society of Ontario 3 (Nov. 1970).
6. North Pickering Community Development Project, The Historical Complexities of Pickering, Markham, Scarborough and Uxbridge, Sept. 1973, p. 51.
7. Cedarena, official website, Cedarena: About (History).
8. Ontario Botanical Journal B, "Species: Aristolochia Macrophylla", Vol 62, p. 131.
9. J. Lapp, Into the Maw: Tales from the Belly of the Little Rouge. Hollinger Press. Toronto. Nov. 2010, p. 36.
10. See the Rouge Park Alliance, Park Map.
11. http://www.historictours.ca/HTList.asp?page=6&category=Schools

Coordinates: 43°51′28″N 79°12′13″W / 43.85778°N 79.20361°W