Chōsokabe clan

In this Japanese name, the family name is Chōsokabe.
Chōsokabe clan
長宗我部氏

The emblem (mon) of the Chōsokabe clan
Home province Tosa
Parent house Hata clan
Final ruler Chōsokabe Morichika
Ruled until 1615, Battle of Osaka

Chōsokabe clan (長宗我部氏 Chōsokabe-shi), also known as Chōsokame (長曾我部、長宗我部), was a Japanese samurai kin group. Over time, they were known for serving the Hosokawa clan, then the Miyoshi clan and then the Ichijo clan.[1]

History

The clan claims descent from Qin Shi Huangdi.

The clan is associated with Tosa Province in modern-day Kōchi Prefecture on the island of Shikoku.[2] Chōsokabe Motochika, who unified Shikoku, was the 21st Daimyo (or head) of the clan.

In their early history of the Sengoku Period, Chōsokabe Kunichika's father - Kanetsugu, was killed by the Motoyama clan in 1508. Therefore, Kunichika was raised by the aristocrat Ichijō Husaie of the Ichijō clan in Tosa Province. Later, towards the end of his life, Kunichika took revenge on the Motoyama clan and destroyed them with the help of the Ichijō in 1560. Kunichika would go on to have children - including his heir and the future Daimyo of the Chōsokabe - Motochika, who would go on to unify Shikoku Island.

First, the Ichijō family was overthrown by Motochika in 1574. Later, he gained control of the rest of Tosa due to his victories at the Battle of Watarigawa in 1575. He then also destroyed the Kono and the Soga clan. Over the ensuing decade, he extended his power to all of Shikoku in 1583. However, in 1585, Toyotomi Hideyoshi (Oda Nobunaga's successor) invaded that island with a force of 100,000 men, led by Ukita Hideie, Kobayakawa Takakage, Kikkawa Motonaga, Toyotomi Hidenaga, and Toyotomi Hidetsugu. Motochika surrendered, and forfeited Awa, Sanuki, and Iyo Provinces; Hideyoshi permitted him to retain Tosa.

Under Hideyoshi, Motochika and his son Chōsokabe Nobuchika participated in the invasion of neighboring Kyūshū, in which Nobuchika died. In 1590, Motochika led a naval fleet in the Siege of Odawara, and also fought in the Japanese invasions of Korea along with Toyotomi Hideyoshi in 1592.

After Motochika died in 1599 at age 61, the next clan leader was his son Chōsokabe Morichika. He led the clan forces in support of the Toyotomi at the Battle of Sekigahara. After 1600, the Chōsokabe were removed as daimyo of Tosa.[3]

After the Battle of Osaka in 1615, Morichika was executed and the clan was ended as a political and military force.[3]

Among the retainers to the clan were Tani Tadasumi, Hisatake Chikanao, Yoshida Takayori, Yoshida Shigetoshi, Yoshida Masashige.

Shirō Sōkabe, the 19th century missionary, was a descendant of the Chōsokabe clan.

Popular culture

The Chosokabe are a playable faction in Shogun 2.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie du Japon; Papinot, (2003). "Chōsokabe," Nobiliare du Japon, p. 4 [PDF 8 of 80]; retrieved 2013-5-4.
  2. ↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Chōsokabe" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 124.
  3. 1 2 Nussbaum, "Chōsokabe Morichika" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 124.
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