Coenzyme M

Coenzyme M
Names
IUPAC name
2-Sulfanylethanesulfonate
Systematic IUPAC name
2-Sulfanylethanesulfonate
Other names
2-mercaptoethylsulfonate; 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate; coenzyme M anion; H-S-CoM; AC1L1HCY; 2-sulfanylethane-1-sulfonate; CTK8A8912
Identifiers
3375-50-6 sulfonic acid form
40292-31-7 sulfonate form
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
ChEBI CHEBI:58319 YesY
ChemSpider 3935 YesY
PubChem 4077
Properties
C2H5O3S2
Molar mass 141.18 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Coenzyme M is a coenzyme required for methyl-transfer reactions in the metabolism of methanogens.[1][2] The coenzyme is an anion with the formula HSCH
2
CH
2
SO
3
. It is named 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate and abbreviated HS–CoM. The cation is unimportant, but the sodium salt is most available. Mercaptoethanesulfonate contains both a thiol, which is the main site of reactivity, and a sulfonate group, which confers solubility in aqueous media.

Biochemical role

The coenzyme is the C1 donor in methanogenesis. It is converted to propyl coenzyme M-thioester, the thioether CH
3
SCH
2
CH
2
SO
3
, in the penultimate step to methane formation.[3] Coenzyme M reacts with coenzyme B, 7-thioheptanoylthreoninephosphate, to give a homodisulfide, releasing methane:

CH
3
–S–CoM
+ HS–CoB CH
4
+ CoB–S–S–CoM

This induction is catalyzed by the enzyme methyl-coenzyme M reductase, which restricts cofactor F430 as the prosthetic group.

See also

References

  1. Balch WE, Wolfe RS (1979). "Specificity and biological distribution of coenzyme M (2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid)". J. Bacteriol. 137 (1): 256–63. PMC 218444Freely accessible. PMID 104960.
  2. Taylor CD, Wolfe RS (10 August 1974). "Structure and methylation of coenzyme M(HSCH
    2
    CH
    2
    SO
    3
    )"
    . J. Biol. Chem. 249 (15): 4879–85. PMID 4367810.
  3. Thauer RK (1998). "Biochemistry of Methanogenesis: a Tribute to Marjory Stephenson". Microbiology. 144 (9): 2377–2406. doi:10.1099/00221287-144-9-2377. PMID 9782487.


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