Elections in Papua New Guinea
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| This article is part of a series on the politics and government of Papua New Guinea |
Elections in Papua New Guinea gives information on election and election results in Papua New Guinea.
Papua New Guinea elects on national level a legislature. The National Parliament has 111 members, elected for a five-year term in single-seat constituencies.[1] Papua New Guinea has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments.
Electorates
Members of Parliament represent the 111 single-member electorates. The 20 provinces, the Autonomous Region of Bougainville and the National Capital District each elect a governor, who is also a representative in the parliament. Additionally there are 89 local ("Open") electorates, of which three are in the National Capital District and 86 are in the provinces, with boundaries of the latter corresponding directly to administrative districts.[1][2]
The Electoral Boundaries Commission, reporting in February 2006, suggested an additional 26 Open electorates be created. Legally, electoral boundaries must be reviewed every ten years, but due to political instability, no review occurred for 30 years. The future of the provincial electorates is under debate.
Lady Carol Kidu, after being elected as the only female Member of Parliament in the 2007 general election, called for seats to be reserved for women to improve the representation of women in Parliament. She suggested that the 20 provincial seats could be reserved for women by the 2012 election.[3]
Electoral system
Candidates are elected using limited instant-runoff voting where the voter has to rank 3 candidates, known locally as Limited preferential voting.[4] A candidate has to have majority of votes to be elected. If no one has an absolute majority of first preference votes, the candidates with the least amount of votes are eliminated, and the votes are transferred to the voters next preferred candidate until one candidate has at least half of the remaining votes. The current system was first used for a by-election in 2003,[5] and subsequently for the 2007 Elections. Previously, first-past-the-post voting was used.[2]
Latest elections
| Party | Candidates | Seats won | % of seats |
|---|---|---|---|
| People's National Congress Party | 89 | 27 | 24.32% |
| Triumph Heritage Empowerment Rural Party | 72 | 12 | 10.81% |
| Papua New Guinea Party | 88 | 8 | 7.21% |
| National Alliance Party | 75 | 7 | 6.31% |
| United Resources Party | 48 | 7 | 6.31% |
| People's Party | 49 | 6 | 5.41% |
| People's Progress Party | 40 | 6 | 5.41% |
| Social Democratic Party | 40 | 3 | 2.7% |
| Coalition for Reform Party | 15 | 2 | 2.7% |
| Melanesian Liberal Party | 5 | 2 | 2.7% |
| New Generation Party | 27 | 2 | 2.7% |
| People's Movement for Change Party | 51 | 2 | 2.7% |
| People's United Assembly Party | 29 | 2 | 2.7% |
| People's Democratic Movement | 19 | 2 | 2.7% |
| Indigenous People's Party | 44 | 1 | 0.9% |
| Our Development Party | 22 | 1 | 0.9% |
| Pangu Party | 60 | 1 | 0.9% |
| Papua New Guinea Constitutional Democratic Party | 39 | 1 | 0.9% |
| PNG Country Party | 46 | 1 | 0.9% |
| Stars Alliance Party | 22 | 1 | 0.9% |
| United Party | 20 | 1 | 0.9% |
| Independent | 2197 | 16 | 14.41% |
| Total | 111 | 100% | |
| Source: PNG Electoral Commission | |||
Past elections
Parliamentary elections were held from 30 June 2007 to 10 July 2007. For the first time, the election did not use first past the post (which has in the past resulted in a very volatile political system, with the election of a candidate being largely a matter of chance due to the large number of candidates), but rather limited preferential voting.
| Party | Seats | +/– | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Elected | After party changes | ||
| National Alliance Party | 27 | 30 | +11 |
| Papua New Guinea Party | 8 | +8 | |
| People's Action Party | 6 | +1 | |
| Pangu Party | 5 | –1 | |
| People's Democratic Movement | 5 | –7 | |
| United Resources Party | 5 | +4 | |
| People's Progress Party | 4 | 5 | –3 |
| New Generation Party | 4 | +4 | |
| People's National Congress Party | 4 | 5 | +3 |
| People's Party | 3 | +3 | |
| Rural Development Party | 4 | +4 | |
| Melanesian Liberal Party | 2 | +2 | |
| People's Labour Party | 2 | –2 | |
| PNG Country Party | 2 | +1 | |
| United Party | 2 | –1 | |
| Melanesian Alliance Party | 1 | –2 | |
| National Advance Party | 1 | +1 | |
| Pipol First Party | 1 | –1 | |
| PNG Labour Party | 1 | ±0 | |
| PNG National Party | 1 | –2 | |
| PNG Conservative Party | 1 | 0 | ±0 |
| Independents | 20 | 16 | –1 |
| Total (turnout %) | 109 | ||
See also
References
- 1 2 "About Our Parliament". National Parliament of Papua New Guinea. Retrieved 19 May 2015.
- 1 2 "Papua New Guinea National Elections 2012: Final Report". Commonwealth of Nations. 13 September 2012. Retrieved 19 May 2015.
- ↑ "PNG MP wants dedicated seats for women". The Sydney Morning Herald. 23 July 2007. Retrieved 2007-07-25. External link in
|publisher=(help) - ↑ "Voting". Electoral commission of Papua New Guinea. Archived from the original on 16 March 2014. Retrieved 19 May 2015.
- ↑ "PNG voting system praised by new MP". ABC. 12 December 2003. Archived from the original on 4 January 2005. Retrieved 19 May 2015.