Great Fulford

Coordinates: 50°42′44″N 3°42′53″W / 50.71222°N 3.71472°W / 50.71222; -3.71472

Great Fulford House in 2015, view from south-east
Great Fulford House, view from south-east. 1780 watercolour, British Library.[1] The later remodelling by James Wyatt in 1805 replaced the gables with battlements and added full height bay windows at the corners
Tudor main entrance to courtyard pierced through east front, Great Fulford House. Beyond is the front door leading to the great hall in the west wing. Above is an Elizabethan (16th century) relief sculpted panel showing the arms of Fulford of nine quarters within a strapwork surround with supporters two Saracens
Great Fulford House, east front
Great Fulford House, west front. The full height lancet windows at left light the Grand Staircase; the blind central section houses the full height Great Hall

Great Fulford is an historic estate in the parish of Dunsford, Devon. The grade I listed[2] manor house, known as Great Fulford House, is about 9 miles west of Exeter. Its site was said in 1810 to be "probably the most antient in the county".[3] The present mansion house is Tudor (16th century) with refurbishment from the late 17th century and further remodelling from about 1800.[4] The prefix "Great" dates from the late 17th century and served to distinguish it from the mansion house known as "Little Fulford"[5] in the parish of Shobrooke, Devon, about 8 miles to the north-east, also owned briefly by Col. Francis III Fulford (1666-1700), as a result of his marriage to the heiress of the Tuckfield family. Great Fulford has been the residence of the Fulford family (originally "de Fulford"), which took its name from the estate, from the reign of King Richard I (1189-1199) to the present day. There are thus few, if any, families in Devonshire of more ancient recorded origin still resident at their original seat.[6] In 2004 the estate comprised 3,000 acres (1200 ha).[7]

Descent

The descent of the estate was as follows:[8]

Honour of Okehampton

In the Domesday Book of 1086, Foleford is listed as the 132nd of the 176 holdings of Baldwin FitzGilbert[9] (died 1090), Sheriff of Devon (alias Baldwin the Sheriff, Baldwin of Exeter, Baldwin de Meulles/Moels and Baldwin du Sap), an Anglo-Norman magnate and one of the 52 Devon Domesday Book tenants-in-chief of King William the Conqueror. He was the first feudal baron of Okehampton, which barony, known as the Honour of Okehampton, was later inherited by the Courtenay family, later Earls of Devon.

Modbert

Baldwin FitzGilbert's tenant in 1086 was Modbert, who also held from him the Devonshire manors of Kelly,[10] Broadwood Kelly,[11] Eggbeer[12] and Uppacott.[13]

Kelly

Modbert's heirs in all these five manors appear to have been the de Kelly family,[14] which as recorded in the Book of Fees continued to hold from the Honour of Okehampton, and which survives today in 2014 as one of the most ancient of Devonshire families, still resident at Kelly House, the manor house of Kelly, Devon. (Coincidentally the present owner of Kelly House also appeared on the TV reality show Country House Rescue which featured Francis Fulford, the present owner of Great Fulford, in another episode).

Fulford

Arms of Fulford: Gules, a chevron argent[15]
Left: 16th century relief-sculpted stone escutcheon of 9 quarters over main entrance to courtyard of Great Fulford House; right same arms depicted on the monument to Sir Thomas Fulford (died 1610) in the Fulford Chapel of Dunsford Church:[16]
  • 1: Gules, a chevron argent (Fulford)
  • 2: Argent, on a bend sable three bear's heads and necks erased of the first (FitzUrse)
  • 3: Argent, a chevron between three moorcocks sable (Moreton)
  • 4: Or, on a bend gules three crosses formée argent (Belston)[17]
  • 5: Azure, three bird-bolts palewise points in base argent (Bozom of Bozom's Hele)
  • 6: Argent, a lion rampant gules a chief azure (St George (of Dittisham?), an heiress of Bozom;[18] also arms of St George Baronets)
  • 7: Gules, three leopard's faces or jessant-de-lys azure over all a bend engrailed azure (Denys of Glamorgan and of Siston, Gloucestershire, an heiress of Bonville)[19]
  • 8: Ermine, on a cross gules five bezants (St Aubyn of Combe Raleigh, an heiress of Denys)[20]
  • 9: Gules, two bars between nine martlets argent 3, 3, 3 (Challons (of Legh Challons?), an heiress of St Aubyn)

Pre-15th century Fulfords

The de Fulford family is first recorded as resident at Fulford during the reign of King Richard I (1189-1199). According to Prince (d.1723), the name of this family was Latinized to de Turpi Vado ("from the foul ford" (i.e.muddy ford)).[21] Records of Feudal Aids record John de Kelli had as his tenant of Fulford a certain William de Foleford.[22] The descent of Fulford was as follows:[23]

Sir Baldwin I de Fulford (d.1476)

Sir Baldwin I de Fulford (d.1476)[31] (son), Sheriff of Devon in 1460, a Knight of the Sepulchre and Under-Admiral to John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter (d.1447), High Admiral of England.[15] According to the Devonshire biographer John Prince (1643–1723):

"He was a great soldier and a traveller of so undaunted resolution that for the honor and liberty of a royal lady in a castle besieged by the infidels, he fought a combat with a Sarazen, for bulk and bigness an unequal match (as the representation of him cut in the wainscot in Fulford House doth plainly shew), whom yet he vanquish'd, and rescu'd the lady".

In commemoration of this victory supporters to the arms of the family were granted (generally reserved as a privilege of the nobility alone) of two Saracens, which they still retain,[32] and which survive today sculpted in relief on the 16th century wooden panelling of the Great Hall of Great Fulford House, as Prince noted. The carved wooden figure of a Saracen tops the newel post at the base of the Great Staircase. He married Elizabeth[33][34] (or Jennet[15]) Bosome, daughter and heiress of John Bosome (alias Bosom, Bozun, Bosum, etc.) of Bosom's Hele (alias Bozunsele, etc., modern: "Bozomzeal"[35]), in the parish of Dittisham, near Dartmouth, Devon,[34] by his wife Johane Fortescue.[33] Elizabeth Bozom survived her husband and married secondly to Sir William Huddesfield (d.1499), of Shillingford St. George, Devon, Attorney General to King Edward IV (1461-1483). Huddesfield married secondly (as her third husband) to Katherine Courtenay, a daughter of Sir Philip Courtenay (d.1463) of Powderham, Devon. A monumental brass of Huddesfield and his second wife Katherine Courtenay survives in Shillingford St George Church,[36] and the arms of Bosome (Azure, three bird bolts in pale points downward or) survive in a stained glass window in the same church.[37] By Jennet Bosome, heiress of Bozum's Hele,[38] he had progeny two sons and two daughters, namely Thomasine Fulford, who married John Wise of Sydenham House, from whom was descended John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford (c. 1485 - 1555), the most powerful magnate in Devon, and another daughter Alice Fulford, who married Sir William Cary of Cockington, from whom was descended Lord Hunsdon and the Earls of Monmouth and Dover.[39] His younger son was John Fulford (d.1518), a Canon of Exeter Cathedral and Archdeacon successively of Totnes, Cornwall and Exeter, whose monument exists behind the high altar in Exeter Cathedral.[15] The manor of Bosom's Hele was inherited by the Fulford family[40] and the arms of Bozom appear in the 5th quarter of the 16th century relief sculpted escutcheon over the main entrance to Great Fulford House.

Sir Thomas II Fulford (d.1489)

Sir Thomas II Fulford (d.1489) (eldest son and heir), who married his step-father's sister-in-law, Phillipa Courtenay, a daughter of Sir Philip Courtenay (d.1463) of Powderham (by his wife Elizabeth Hungerford, daughter of Walter Hungerford, 1st Baron Hungerford (d.1449), KG), and sister of Katherine Courtenay, second wife of Sir William Huddesfield (died 1499).[41] Vivian (1895) states him to have died on 20 February 1489 with an inquisition post mortem having been held in 1490,[42] but Burke (1838) states him to have been beheaded in 1461 after fighting for the Lancastrians at the Battle of Towton.[43] His second son appears to have been Sir Thomas Fulford who in 1497 was with Edward Courtenay, 1st Earl of Devon (died 1509) at the relief of the City of Exeter following the siege by Perkin Warbeck.[44]

Sir Humphrey Fulford (1467-1508)

Sir Humphrey Fulford (1467-1508) (eldest son), who married Florence Bonville, a daughter and co-heiress of John Bonville (1417-1494) of Shute, Devon, nephew of the Devon magnate William Bonville, 1st Baron Bonville (1391-1461),[45] the latter who during the Wars of the Roses was an enemy of the Courtenay Earls of Devon and an ally of their cousins the Courtenays of Powderham. The marriage was without progeny.

William III Fulford (1476-1517)

William III Fulford (1476-1517) (younger brother), who married Joana (or Jane) Bonville, one of the six daughters[46] and co-heiresses of John Bonville (d.1491) of Combe Raleigh ("base son"[47] ("spurious son"[48]) of the Devonshire magnate William Bonville, 1st Baron Bonville (1391-1461) of Shute by his mistress, Elizabeth Kirkby) by his wife Alis Denys, daughter and sole heiress of William Denys[49] (2nd son of Sir Gilbert Denys (d.1422) of Glamorgan and Siston in Gloucestershire) by his wife Jone St.Aubyn, heiress of Combe Raleigh. Joan St.Aubyn was one of two daughters and co-heiresses of Sir John St.Aubyn of Combe Raleigh, Captain of Fangermen in Normandy, by his wife Katerin Challons, daughter and heiress of Sir Robert Challons.[50] The arms of Denys of Glamorgan (not to be confused with the Denys families of Holcombe Burnell and Orleigh in Devon), St Aubyn and Challons form the last three quarters (7th, 8th & 9th) on the 16th century stone escutcheon over the entrance archway into the courtyard of Great Fulford House.

Sir John III Fulford (1503-1544)

Sir John III Fulford (1503-1544) (son), twice Sheriff of Devon in 1534 and 1540. He married Dorothy Bourchier, a daughter of John Bourchier, 1st Earl of Bath (1470-1539), of Tawstock, Devon.[51] She survived him and remarried to Walter Denys of Holcombe Burnell, Devon.[52]

Sir John IV Fulford (1524-1580)

Sir John IV Fulford (1524-1580) (son), twice Sheriff of Devon in 1557 and 1576. He married firstly Anna Denys, a daughter of Sir Thomas Denys (c. 1477 - 1561) of Holcombe Burnell,[53] Devon, six times Sheriff of Devon during the reign of King Henry VIII (1509-1547).[54]

Sir Thomas III Fulford (1553-1610)

Effigies of Sir Thomas III Fulford (1553-1610) and his wife Ursula Bampfield, detail from his monument (right) in the Fulford Chapel of Dunsford Church

Sir Thomas III Fulford (1553-1610) (son), who in 1580 married Ursula Bampfield (d.1639), a daughter of Richard Bampfield (1526-1594) of Poltimore, Devon, Sheriff of Devon in 1576, ancestor of the Bampfield Baronets and Barons Poltimore. His monument survives in Dunsford Church, showing recumbent effigies of himself dressed in full armour and his wife with kneeling figures of his children above, 3 sons and 4 daughters, with profuse heraldry on the cornice of Fulford impaling the arms of various wives, including Bampfield: Or, on a bend gules three mullets argent. It is inscribed on two painted wooden panels:

"Heare lyethe Sir Thomas Fulforde who died last day of July Ano Do. 1610. Also his wife Ursula who died 1639 daughter of Richd Bampfield of Poltimore Esqr. Their children: 1st Sir Francis who married Ann heir of Bernard Samways Esqr of Toller, Dorset; 2nd William; 3rd Thomas; 4th Bridget, married to Arthur Champernown Esqr of Dartington; 5th Elizabeth married to John Berriman Esqr; 6th Ann married to John Sydenham of Somerset"

The monument was restored in 1845 by Col. Baldwin Fulford. "The original inscription apparently spoke poisonously of the Roman Catholic Church...at the instigation of a Roman Catholic friend, Dr. Oliver, Col. Baldwin Fulford had the monument restored in 1845, so a new inscription was supplied".[55] The name of the 4th daughter whose effigy appears on the monument is omitted.[55]

Col. Sir Francis I Fulford (c.1583-1664)

Effigy of Col. Sir Francis I Fulford (c.1583-1664); detail from monument to his father, Fulford Chapel of St Mary's Church, Dunsford

Col. Sir Francis I Fulford (c. 1583 - 1664) (eldest son), a Royalist commander during the Civil War, captured and briefly imprisoned in Devon in early 1643. He maintained a garrison at Great Fulford until December 1645, when he surrendered to Thomas Fairfax, 3rd Lord Fairfax of Cameron. He was pre-deceased by eldest son Thomas Fulford (1604-1643), who was killed at the Siege of Exeter in 1643 during the Civil War. He served as Member of Parliament for Devon in 1625, as a Deputy Lieutenant of Dorset by 1640 and was Sheriff of Dorset for 1642–43.[56] He was fined during the Commonwealth by the Committee for Compounding with Delinquents, but not heavily enough to destroy the family's fortune. He married Elizabeth Samways, a daughter and co-heiress of Bernard Samways of Toller Fratrum and Winsborne in Dorset. He left his wife's Dorset estates, including Toller Fratrum to his 5th, but 2nd surviving, son George Fulford (1619-1685),[57][58] twice MP for Christchurch in Dorset, in 1679 and 1681,[59] whose son would eventually inherit Fulford on the failure of the senior male line in 1700.

Francis II Fulford (1632-1675)

Francis II Fulford (1632-1675) (grandson, eldest son of Thomas Fulford), who married Susanna Kellond (d.1670), daughter of John Kellond[58] (1609-1679) of Painsford House, Ashprington, Devon, Sheriff of Devon in 1666,[60] whose monument survives in Ashprington Church.[61]

Col. Francis III Fulford (1666-1700)

Mural monument to Col. Francis III Fulford (1666-1700) in the Fulford Chapel of Dunsford Church

Col. Francis III Fulford (1666-1700) (son), twice MP for Callington in Cornwall in 1690-5 and 1698-1700, presumably upon the interest of the influential Rolle family of Heanton Satchville, Petrockstowe,[62] Devon. Samuel Rolle (1646-1717) married in 1704 as his second wife Margaret Tuckfield, daughter of Roger Tuckfield, of Raddon, by whom he had a daughter and sole heiress Margaret Rolle, 15th Baroness Clinton (1709-1781).[63] He was also Sheriff of Devon 1689–90 and Mayor of Exeter 1689–90.[62] Col. Francis Fulford married twice, firstly to Margaret Poulett (d.1687), daughter either of John Poulett, 3rd Baron Poulett (c. 1641 - 1679) (per her husband's History of Parliament biography), or of John Poulett, 2nd Baron Poulett (1615-1665) (per her husband's mural monument in Dunsford Church), both of Hinton St. George, Somerset. A portrait of the 2nd Baron hangs in Great Fulford House. The marriage was without progeny. Secondly he married Mary Tuckfield, one of the two surviving daughters and co-heiress of John III Tuckfield (1625-1675), of Fulford House, in the parish of Shobrooke (relatives of the Tuckfields of Raddon), by his wife Mary Pincombe, a daughter of John Pincombe (d.pre-1657), a barrister of the Middle Temple, of South Molton, Devon.[64] According to the Devon topographer John Swete (d.1821), it was at this time "When the two Fulfords were the possession of one lord" that the epithets "Great" and "Little" were assigned to each property.[65] According to Swete, Col. Fulford:[66]

"May reasonably be supposed to have a predilection for his own inherited mansion to which for the sake of distinction and pre-eminence he would annex the adjunct of 'Great'. Nor will it be consider'd as an appropriation ill-placed, if the reference be made to its superior magnificence and antiquity, in which latter boast it exceeded the other by three centuries".

By his second wife Mary Tuckfield he had one son John Fulford (1692-1693) who died an infant.[58] Mary married secondly in 1704 to Henry Trenchard.[67] Col. Francis Fulford repaired Great Fulford House after the extensive damage it suffered during the Civil War.[21] He died without surviving progeny. His mural monument survives in the Fulford Chapel of Dunsford Church. Inscribed:

"Underneath lies ye body of Francis Fulford of Fulford Esqr who departed this life the 26th day of 7ber[68] 1700 in the 34th year of his age. He was twice marri'd. First to Margaret a daughter of John Lord Poulett the 2d Baron of Henton StGeorge and next to Mary daughter of John Tuckfeild of Fulford near Crediton Esqr by whom he had one son which died nine months old".

Above are shown the arms of Fulford impaling in chief Poulett (Sable, three swords pilewise points in base proper pomels and hilts or) and in base Tuckfield (Argent, three lozenges in fess sable) with the crest of Fulford above: A bear's head and neck erased sable muzzled or

Francis IV Fulford

Francis IV Fulford of Toller Fratrum, Dorset (Cousin: grandfather's nephew, son of George Fulford (1619-pre-1688)), who married a certain Mary.[58]

Francis V Fulford (d.1730)

Francis V Fulford (d.1730) (son), who married Catherine Swete, daughter of William Swete.[58]

Francis VI Fulford (1704-1749)

Arms of Fulford impaling Chichester (Chequy or and gules, a chief vair), 19th c. stained glass, east window of Fulford Chapel in Dunsford Church

Francis VI Fulford (1704-1749), Sheriff of Devon in 1744. He married Ann Chichester, a daughter of Sir Arthur Chichester, 3rd Baronet (d.1717),[58] MP for Barnstaple of Youlston Park, Shirwell,[69] from one of the most ancient and prominent families of North Devon, formerly of Raleigh, Pilton, near Barnstaple, which seat he sold in 1689 and moved to Youlston.[70] He had 11 children, 8 sons (5 of whom died as infants) and 3 daughters, including:

John V Fulford (1736-1780)

Left: John V Fulford (1736-1780), Red Ruin; right: his wife Elizabeth Laroche (1731-1791). Portraits by Thomas Hudson (1701-1779), Great Fulford House

John V Fulford (1736-1780) (4th and eldest surviving son), known as "Squire John"[72] and "Red Ruin".[73] He married Elizabeth Laroche (1731-1791), daughter of John Laroche. The marriage was without progeny.[74] In the 1760s he spent lavishly on furnishing and landscaping Great Fulford, which included the creation of the lake and carriage drives through the park. He was one of the last in England to employ a full-time fool "dressed in the motley".[72] In this unusual respect he resembled his contemporary Devonian John Arscott (1719–1788) of Tetcott, who kept as a member of his household a dwarf jester named Black John,[75] whose eccentric ways were described in Footprints of Former Men in Cornwall (1870) by Robert Stephen Hawker, and also in Devonshire Characters and Strange Events (1908) by Sabine Baring-Gould. His portrait showing him dressed as a cavalier in a crimson costume survives at Great Fulford. He overspent and was forced to sell several of his unentailed estates, and moved with his wife to Italy to live more cheaply.[72]

Col. Baldwin II Fulford (1775-1847)

Col. Baldwin II Fulford (1775-1847) (nephew, eldest son of Benjamin Swete Fulford, 8th and youngest son of Francis Fulford (1704-1749)). He was an officer in the Inniskillen Dragoons and was Lieutenant-Colonel of the Devon Militia. He married Anna Maria Adams, eldest daughter of William Adams (1752–1811), MP for Totnes, of Bowden House, Ashprington, near Totnes. He had 14 children, among whom was his second son Bishop Francis Fulford (1803-1868), Anglican Bishop of Montreal, Canada, whose son eventually inherited Great Fulford. In 1805 he employed the architect James Wyatt to remodel the house, which resulted in the removal of the gables and the addition of battlements to the parapets and bay windows at the corners, as presently exists.[72] In 1838 he owned the additional estates of Melhuish, Hackworthy and Eggbeer,[76] and in 1810 Lampford (in the parish of Cheriton Bishop),[77] all adjacent to Great Fulford. His monument survives in Dunsford Church.[74]

Col. Baldwin III Fulford (1801-1871)

Col. Baldwin III Fulford (1801-1871), "Baldwin the Bad". Portrait at Great Fulford House
Monumental brass to Col. Baldwin III Fulford (1801-1871), erected by his wife, in Dunsford Church

Col. Baldwin III Fulford (1801-1871) (eldest son and heir), known as "Baldwin the Bad", a Justice of the Peace for Devon, Chairman of Quarter Sessions and Colonel of the 1st Royal Devon Yeomanry.[78] In 1868 at the age of 67 he married Anna Isabella Giles, eldest daughter of the historian Rev. John Allen Giles (1808–1884), Doctor of Civil Law, Rector of Sutton in Surrey, but died three years later without progeny. As was the case with his great uncle Squire John, he was extravagant with his finances and by 1861 had accumulated over £60,000 of debts, which he fled the country to escape. The family's fortunes suffered from his legacy for the next century.[72] His monumental brass survives in Dunsford Church[74] inscribed in Latin as follows:

In hoc caemeterio cum longa serie majorum sepultus jacet Baldewinus de Fulford Baldewini et Annae Mariae filius et haeres, Regni et Ecclesiae Anglicanae (sicut omnes eius proavi) egregius defensator. Obiit Westoniae SM die mensis Maii secundo AD 1871. Uxor eius Anna Isabella amantissima et amatissima vitream hanc fenestram in memoriam poni curavit. O Baldewine magnum es mihi desiderium!". (In this cemetery with a long line of his elders lies buried Baldwin de Fulford, son and heir of Baldwin and of Anna Maria. An outstanding defender (just as were all his ancestors) of the Anglican Kingdom and Church. He died at Weston S(uper) M(are) [or S(o)m(erset)?], on the second day of May AD 1871. His wife Anna Isabella, most beloved and most loving, caused this glazed window to be erected in (his) memory. O Baldwin, a great loss you are to me!)

At the left side of the monumental brass is an heraldic achievement showing the arms of Fulford impaling Giles (Azure, a cross between four cups uncovered or on a chief argent three pelicans vulning themselves proper)[79] with supporters two Saracens and crest of Fulford: A bear's head and neck erased. The window, depicting Biblical scenes, is on the north side of the Fulford Chapel.

Francis VII Fulford (1831-1907)

Francis Drummond Fulford (1831-1907) (nephew). He was the son and heir of Bishop Francis Fulford (1803-1868), Anglican Bishop of Montreal, Canada, by his wife Mary Drummond, eldest daughter of Andrew Berkeley Drummond of Cadlands, Hampshire (a grandson of William Drummond, 4th Viscount Strathallan (d.1746)) by his wife Mary Perceval a daughter of John Perceval, 2nd Earl of Egmont (1711-1770). He married Mary Anne Holland, daughter of Philip Holland of Cholderton Lodge, Montreal.

Francis VIII Fulford (1861-1926)

Francis Algernon Fulford (1861-1926) (eldest son and heir). Born in Montreal, in 1897 he married Constance Drummond (d.1935).[80]

Lt.Col. Francis IX Fulford (1898-c.1968)

Lt.Col. Francis Edgar Fulford (1898 - c. 1968) (son), who married Joan Blackman, daughter of Rear-Admiral C. Maurice Blackman.

Francis X Fulford (born 1952)

Francis X Fulford (born 1952) (son and heir), the current owner in 2014, a former stockbroker and insurance broker who has appeared on many reality television shows featuring his house and family. He has undertaken several fund-raising activities, including opening the house on occasion to the public, in order to raise funds to make on-going restorations. He is the author of Bearing Up: The Long View (London, 2004), a work on estate management, agricultural economics and the history of land ownership, one of the aims of which was "to give advice to owners (of big houses) and their heirs about how to survive and thrive"[81] He is married to (Diana) Kishanda Tulloch (born 1960 in Tanzania),[82] by whom he has four children, whose father William Tulloch was a colonial administrator in Tanzania,[83] Africa, and was author of Nicholas and Kishanda: The Story of an Elephant (1966), a true story about an orphaned elephant calf found in the Kishanda Valley, now a national reserve for elephants in Tanzania.

References

  1. ↑ See similar view in 1776 drawing by Francis Towne (1739–1816), Tate Gallery, London
  2. ↑ Listed building text
  3. ↑ Prince, p.395, 1810 footnote 5 (1810)
  4. ↑ Listed building text
  5. ↑ later known as Shobrooke Park, which was destroyed by fire in 1947.(Pevsner, p.729)
  6. ↑ Contenders might be the Coffin family of Portledge, which moved away recently; The Courtenay family feudal barons of Okehampton, surviving as Earls of Devon at Powderham Castle; the Kelly family of Kelly, still resident at Kelly House; The Fortescue family of Whympston, Modbury, surviving until recently in the male line as Earl Fortescue of Castle Hill, Filleigh; The Incledon family of Incledon, Braunton, surviving in a female line there and at adjacent Buckland, Braunton. In England as a whole, the Berkeley family have lived in Berkeley Castle in Gloucestershire since the reign of King Henry II (1154-1189) and continue to do so in 2015 in a direct male line
  7. ↑ Fulford, Francis, Bearing Up, 2004, p.122
  8. ↑ Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry, 15th Edition, ed. Pirie-Gordon, H., London, 1937, pp.847-8, pedigree of Fulford of Fulford.
  9. ↑ Thorn, Caroline & Frank, (eds.) Domesday Book, (Morris, John, gen.ed.) Vol. 9, Devon, Parts 1 & 2, Phillimore Press, Chichester, 1985, part 1, 16,132
  10. ↑ Thorn & Thorn, 16,11
  11. ↑ Thorn & Thorn, 16,26
  12. ↑ Thorn & Thorn, 16,130
  13. ↑ Thorn & Thorn, 16,131
  14. ↑ Thorn & Thorn, part 2 (notes) to 16,11;26;130;131;132
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Vivian, p.378
  16. ↑ Arms per Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry, 15th Edition, ed. Pirie-Gordon, H., London, 1937, p.848, pedigree of Fulford of Fulford, and as depicted on the monument to Sir Thomas Fulford (died 1610) and in the 19th century stained glass east window in the Fulford Chapel of Dunsford Church
  17. 1 2 Pole, p.470
  18. ↑ Risdon, p.168; Pole, p.291
  19. ↑ Given incorrectly by Vivian, 1895, p.378 as the arms of Cantilupe. The arms of Denys were the arms of Cantilupe debruised by a bend engrailed azure, suggesting some unknown feudal or familial connection with the Cantilupe family. Thomas de Cantilupe (c.1218-1282), Bishop of Hereford, was the first of his family to adopt the jessant-de-lys arms, which he showed reversed, i.e. upside-down, which replaced the ancient Cantilupe arms of three fleurs-de-lys, visible on the Bishop's seal. They became in his honour the arms of the See of Hereford. These arms of Denys were later used by the Tennyson family (perhaps "Denys's son") of which the poet Alfred, Lord Tennyson was a member. The arms of Bonville are not shown on the escutcheon, possibly as John Bonville of Combe Raleigh was a bastard, but the arms of his heiress wife Denys are shown
  20. ↑ Per Pole, Sir William (d.1635), Collections Towards a Description of the County of Devon, Sir John-William de la Pole (ed.), London, 1791, p.500; see File:StAubyn (OfCombeRaleigh) Arms.PNG
  21. 1 2 Prince, p.392
  22. ↑ Thorn & Thorn, part 2 (notes), 16,132
  23. ↑ Vivian, 1895
  24. ↑ Burke, 1838, p.158
  25. ↑ Vivian, p.378, names translated from Latin
  26. ↑ See Harley MS 5102, f. 32, British LibraryFile:Thomas Becket Murder.JPG
  27. ↑ Pole, p.368
  28. ↑ Pole, p.369
  29. ↑ Pole, p.493
  30. ↑ Pole, p.220
  31. ↑ Prince, John, (1643–1723) The Worthies of Devon, 1810 edition, London, p.394
  32. ↑ Prince, 1810 edition, editor's note 5, p.395
  33. 1 2 Vivian, p.127
  34. 1 2 Risdon, pp.167-8; Pole, p.291
  35. ↑ Pevsner, p.336
  36. ↑ Pevsner, Nikolaus & Cherry, Bridget, The Buildings of England: Devon, London, 2004, p.727; a framed rubbing of the brass hangs in the chapel of Powderham Castle
  37. ↑ Rogers, William Henry Hamilton, Wilshire Notes & Queries, Vol.III, 1899-1901, Devizes, 1902, pp. 336-345, Sir William Huddesfield and Katherine Courtenay his Wife, Shillingford Church, Devon
  38. ↑ Risdon, p.168: "This land descended unto Sir Francis Fulford"
  39. ↑ Prince, p.394
  40. ↑ Risdon, p.168: "This land descended unto Sir Francis Fulford"; Pole, p.291
  41. ↑ Vivian, p.246, pedigree of Courtenay
  42. ↑ Regnal date 6 Henry VII
  43. ↑ Burke, 1838, p.159
  44. ↑ Burke, John, A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland Enjoying Territorial Possessions or High Official Rank but Uninvested with Heritable Honours, Volume 4, London, 1838, p.158
  45. ↑ Vivian, p.102, pedigree of Bonville
  46. ↑ Pole, p.132
  47. ↑ Burke's Landed Gentry
  48. ↑ Vivian, p.103, pedigree of Bonville
  49. ↑ Risdon, Tristram (d.1640), Survey of Devon, 1811 edition, London, 1811, with 1810 Additions, p.39 (Combe Raleigh): "John (St Aubyn)...left issue a daughter, married to William Dennis, son of Sir Gilbert Dennis of Wales"; also per Vivian, Heraldic Visitations of Devon, 1895, p.189, pedigree of Chudleigh of Ashton, which does not however identify the father of this "William Dennys"
  50. ↑ Arms identified in Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry, 15th Edition, ed. Pirie-Gordon, H., London, 1937, p.848, pedigree of Fulford of Fulford; See descent of Combe Raleigh and Beandport (Port in the parish of Bishop's Nympton) in Pole, Sir William (d.1635), Collections Towards a Description of the County of Devon, Sir John-William de la Pole (ed.), London, 1791, pp.132, 437
  51. ↑ Vivian, p.107, pedigree of Bourchier
  52. ↑ Vivian, p.379. The identity of Walter Denys is not clear. He was apparently too early to be the Walter Denys (fl.1592) who was a brother of Anna Denys, wife of Sir John Fulford (1524-1580) (Vivian, p.279, pedigree of Denys)
  53. ↑ Vivian, p.279, pedigree of Denys
  54. ↑ Risdon, p.120
  55. 1 2 Visitor Booklet, St Mary's Church, Dunsford, p.3
  56. ↑ "FULFORD, Sir Francis (1583-1664), of Great Fulford, Dunsford, Devon and Toller Fratrum, Dorset". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
  57. ↑ History of Parliament biography of Francis Fulford (1666-1700)
  58. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Vivian, 1895, p.380
  59. ↑ History of Parliament biography of FULFORD, George (c. 1619 - 85), of Toller Fratrum, Dorset
  60. ↑ Vivian, 1895, p.508, pedigree of Kellond of Painsford
  61. ↑ Pevsner, p.136
  62. 1 2 History of Parliament biography
  63. ↑ Vivian, 1895, p.655, pedigree of Rolle
  64. ↑ Vivian, p.594, pedigree of Pincombe of South Molton
  65. ↑ Gray, Todd & Rowe, Margery (Eds.), Travels in Georgian Devon: The Illustrated Journals of The Reverend John Swete, 1789-1800, 4 vols., Tiverton, 1999, vol.3, p.123
  66. ↑ Swete, vol.3, p.123
  67. ↑ Vivian, p.380, pedigree of Fulford of Fulford
  68. ↑ (7ber = September)
  69. ↑ Vivian, 1895, p.174, pedigree of Chichester
  70. ↑ Reed, Margaret A., Pilton, its Past and its People, Barnstaple, 1985, p.31
  71. 1 2 Vivian, p.381
  72. 1 2 3 4 5 http://www.greatfulford.co.uk/about-great-fulford/#history
  73. ↑ Interview with Francis Fulford, Daily Mail newspaper, 25 October 2014 "And onto the silly b***er John Fulford, known as Red Ruin,’ he says pointing to a huge gilt-framed ancestor on the wall, ‘whose extravagances we’ve been paying for ever since. At least he spent the money well: on a decent portrait of himself looking glamorous and on this suite of 1760 silk-covered furniture".
  74. 1 2 3 Vivian, 1895, p.381
  75. ↑ Hoskins, W.G., A New Survey of England: Devon, London, 1959 (first published 1954), p.493
  76. ↑ Burke's, 1838, spellings corrected
  77. ↑ Risdon, 1810 Additions, p.373
  78. ↑ Burke's, 1937, p.848
  79. ↑ Berry, William, Encyclopaedia Heraldica, Vol.4
  80. ↑ Burkes, 1937
  81. ↑ Fulford, Francis, Bearing Up: The Long View, London, 2004, p.68
  82. ↑ Directorship details, D.W.F. Tulloch & Co. Limited ; She is the sister of Frederick William Tulloch, who in 2011 invited his brother-in-law Francis Fulford to speak at a fund-raising dinner at East Garston for the parish church fund
  83. ↑ Evening Standard newspaper 10 August 2004

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