Indian Premier League

Indian Premier League (IPL)

Official IPL Logo
Countries India India
Administrator IPL Governing Body, BCCI
Format Twenty20
First tournament 2008
Last tournament 2016
Tournament format Round-robin and knockout finals
Number of teams 8
Current champion Sunrisers Hyderabad
(2nd title, previously as Deccan Chargers)
Most successful (2 titles each)
Most runs India Virat Kohli (4110)[1]
Most wickets Sri Lanka Lasith Malinga (143)[2]
TV List of Broadcasters
Website iplt20.com
2016 Indian Premier League

The Indian Premier League (IPL) is a professional Twenty20 cricket league in India contested during April and May of every year by franchise teams representing Indian cities. The league was founded by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2007.[3] The title sponsor of the IPL in 2016 is Vivo Electronics, thus the league is officially known as the Vivo Indian Premier League.

The IPL is the most-attended cricket league in the world and ranks sixth among all sports leagues.[4] In 2010, the IPL became the first sporting event in the world to be broadcast live on YouTube.[5][6] The brand value of IPL was estimated to be US$4.5 billion in 2015 by American Appraisal, A Division of Duff & Phelps.[7] According to BCCI, the 2015 IPL season contributed ₹11.5 billion (US$182 million) to the GDP of the Indian economy.[8]

Of the 13 teams to have competed since the league's first season, six have won the title at least once. Chennai Super Kings, Kolkata Knight Riders and Mumbai Indians have won twice, while Rajasthan Royals, Hyderabad Deccan Chargers and Sunrisers Hyderabad have won once. Sunrisers Hyderabad are the current champions having won the 2016 season.[9] Until 2014, the top three teams in the tournament qualified for the Champions League Twenty20. However, the Champions League Twenty20 tournament was discontinued in 2015 and has been defunct since.[10]

An overseas tournament was founded by the BCCI in June 2016.[11]

According to global valuation and corporate finance advisor Duff & Phelps, the value of brand IPL has jumped to $4.16 billion after the 2016 edition, against $3.54 billion in 2015. The 19% jump is despite the fact that the US dollar to Indian rupee currency has depreciated by nearly 10%.[12]

History

Foundation

In 2007, the Indian Cricket League was founded, with funding provided by Zee Entertainment Enterprises.[13] The ICL was not recognized by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) or the International Cricket Council (ICC) and the BCCI were not pleased with its committee members joining the ICL executive board.[14] To prevent players from joining the ICL, the BCCI increased the prize money in their own domestic tournaments and also imposed lifetime bans on players joining the ICL, which was considered a rebel league by the board.[15] Businessman and cricket executive, Lalit Modi, was tasked by the BCCI to start a new Twenty20 league that would rival the Indian Cricket League. In early 2008, the BCCI announced the launch of the Indian Premier League, a new franchise based T20 league, which is among the first of its kind in the cricketing world.[16] The league was based on the Premier League of England and the NBA in the United States.[16]

In order to decide the owners for the new league, an auction was held on 24 January 2008 with the total base prices of the franchises costing around $400 million.[16] At the end of the auction, the winning bidders were announced, as well as the cities the teams would be based in: Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Kolkata, Mohali, and Mumbai.[16] In the end, the franchises were all sold for a total of $723.59 million.[17] The Indian Cricket League soon folded in 2008.[18]

Expansions and terminations

On 21 March 2010, it was announced that two new franchises – Pune Warriors India and Kochi Tuskers Kerala – would join the league before the fourth season in 2011.[19] Sahara Adventure Sports Group bought the Pune franchise for $370 million while Rendezvous Sports World bought the Kochi franchise for $333.3 million.[19] However, one year later, on 11 November 2011, it was announced that the Kochi Tuskers Kerala side would be terminated following the side breaching the BCCI's terms of conditions.[20]

Then, on 14 September 2012, following the team not being able to find new owners, the BCCI announced that the 2009 champions, the Deccan Chargers, would be terminated.[21] The next month, on 25 October, an auction was held to see who would be the owner of the replacement franchise, with Sun TV Network winning the bid for the Hyderabad franchise.[22] The team would be named Sunrisers Hyderabad.[23]

On 14 June 2015, it was announced that two-time champions, Chennai Super Kings, and the inaugural season champions, Rajasthan Royals, would be suspended for two seasons following their role in a match-fixing and betting scandal.[24] Then, on 8 December 2015, following an auction, it was revealed that Pune and Rajkot would replace Chennai and Rajasthan for two seasons.[25] The teams are the Rising Pune Supergiants and the Gujarat Lions.

Tournament format

Currently, with eight teams, each team plays each other twice in a home-and-away round-robin format in the league phase.[26] At the conclusion of the league stage, the top four teams will qualify for the Playoffs. The top two teams from the league phase will play against each other in the first Qualifying match, with the winner going straight to the IPL final and the loser getting another chance to qualify for the IPL final by playing the second Qualifying match. Meanwhile, the third and fourth place teams from league phase play against each other in an eliminator match and the winner from that match will play the loser from the first Qualifying match.[26] The winner of the second Qualifying match will move onto the final to play the winner of the first Qualifying match in the IPL Final match, where the winner will be crowned the Indian Premier League champions.[26]

Teams

Current teams

Locations of the active IPL teams
Team City State Home ground Joined Coach Captain
Delhi Daredevils Delhi Delhi Feroz Shah Kotla 2008 South Africa Paddy Upton India Zaheer Khan
Kings XI Punjab Mohali Punjab PCA Stadium 2008 India Sanjay Bangar India Murali Vijay
Kolkata Knight Riders Kolkata West Bengal Eden Gardens 2008 South Africa Jacques Kallis India Gautam Gambhir
Mumbai Indians Mumbai Maharashtra Wankhede Stadium 2008 Sri Lanka Mahela Jayawardene India Rohit Sharma
Royal Challengers Bangalore Bangalore Karnataka M. Chinnaswamy Stadium 2008 New Zealand Daniel Vettori India Virat Kohli
Sunrisers Hyderabad Hyderabad Telangana Rajiv Gandhi Cricket Stadium 2013 Australia Tom Moody Australia David Warner
Rising Pune Supergiants Pune Maharashtra Maharashtra Cricket Association Stadium 2016 New Zealand Stephen Fleming India MS Dhoni
Gujarat Lions Rajkot Gujarat Saurashtra Cricket Association Stadium 2016 Australia Brad Hodge India Suresh Raina

Former teams

Team City State Home ground Joined Exited Current Status
Kochi Tuskers Kerala Kochi Kerala Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium 2010 2011 Defunct
Deccan Chargers Hyderabad Telangana Hyderabad 2008 2012 Defunct
Pune Warriors India Pune Maharashtra MCA Stadium 2010 2013 Defunct
Chennai Super Kings Chennai Tamil Nadu M. A. Chidambaram Stadium 2008 2015 Suspended
Rajasthan Royals Jaipur Rajasthan Sawai Mansingh Stadium 2008 2015 Suspended

Tournament seasons and results

Out of the thirteen teams those have played in the Indian Premier League since its inception, three teams have won the competition twice each and three other teams have won it once each. The Chennai Super Kings, Kolkata Knight Riders, and Mumbai Indians are the most successful teams in league's history in terms of the number of titles won. The other three teams who have won the tournament are the Deccan Chargers, Rajasthan Royals and Sunrisers Hyderabad. The Chennai Super Kings is the only team to have won the tournament and then defended it the next season, winning in 2010 and winning again in 2011. Also the Chennai Super Kings has the better win-loss ratio among all the teams and have qualified to semifinals/Play-offs in every season the team participated.

The current champion is Sunrisers Hyderabad who beat Royal Challengers Bangalore on May 29, 2016 at M.Chinnaswamy stadium to grab their first title win.

Team performances by tournament

Team 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Delhi Daredevils 4th 3rd 5th 10th 3rd 9th 8th 7th 6th
Gujarat Lions DNP DNP DNP DNP DNP DNP DNP DNP 3rd
Kings XI Punjab 3rd 5th 8th 5th 6th 6th R 8th 8th
Kolkata Knight Riders 6th 8th 6th 4th W 7th W 5th 4th
Mumbai Indians 5th 7th R 3rd 4th W 4th W 5th
Rising Pune Supergiants DNP DNP DNP DNP DNP DNP DNP DNP 7th
Royal Challengers Bangalore 7th R 3rd R 5th 5th 7th 3rd R
Sunrisers Hyderabad DNP DNP DNP DNP DNP 4th 6th 6th W
Chennai Super Kings R 4th W W R R 3rd R SUS
Rajasthan Royals W 6th 7th 6th 7th 3rd 5th 4th SUS
Deccan Chargers 8th W 4th 7th 8th DEF DEF DEF DEF
Pune Warriors India DNP DNP DNP 9th 9th 8th DEF DEF DEF
Kochi Tuskers Kerala DNP DNP DNP 8th DEF DEF DEF DEF DEF

Overview

The table below provides an overview of the performances of teams over the past IPL seasons, as of the end of the 2016 season. Teams are sorted by alphabetical order, with defunct teams at the bottom of the list. The Win percentage excludes no results and counts ties as half a win.

Appearances
Team Seasons First Latest Playoff qualifications Best result
Mumbai Indians 9200820166Champions
(2013, 2015)
Kolkata Knight Riders 9200820164Champions
(2012, 2014 )
Sunrisers Hyderabad 4201320162Champions
(2016)
Royal Challengers Bangalore 9200820165Runners-up
(2009, 2011, 2016)
Kings XI Punjab 9200820162Runners-up
(2014)
Delhi Daredevils 92008201633rd
(2009, 2012)
Gujarat Lions 12016201613rd
(2016)
Rising Pune Supergiants 12016201607th
(2016)
Chennai Super Kings 8200820158Champions
(2010, 2011)
Rajasthan Royals 8200820153Champions
(2008)
Deccan Chargers 5200820122Champions
(2009)
Pune Warriors India 32011201308th
(2013)
Kochi Tuskers Kerala 12011201108th
(2011)
Statistics are correct as of Royal Challengers Bangalore v Sunrisers Hyderabad at Bengaluru, 2016 Indian Premier League – Final, 29 May 2016.[27]

Tournament and salary rules

A team can acquire players through five ways: The annual auction, signing domestic players, signing uncapped players, trading players, and signing replacements.[28][29] In the trading window, a player can only be traded with his consent, with the franchise paying the difference if any between the old and new contract. If the new contract is worth more than the older one, the difference is shared between the player and the franchise selling the player.[30]

Some of the team composition rules are as follows:

IPL games utilise television timeouts and hence there is no time limit in which teams must complete their innings. However, a penalty may be imposed if the umpires find teams misusing this privilege. Each team is given a two-and-a-half-minute "strategic timeout" during each innings; one must be taken by the bowling team between the 6th and 10th overs, and one by the batting team between the 11th and 16th overs.[31]

Salary cap

The total spending cap for a franchise in the first player auction was US$5 million. Under-22 players are to be remunerated with a minimum annual salary of US$20,000, whereas for others the minimum was US$50,000.[32]

Prize money

The 2015 season of the IPL offered a total prize money of ₹40 crore (US$5.9 million), with the winning team netting ₹15 crore (US$2.2 million).[33] The first and second runners up received 10 and 7.5 crores, respectively, with the fourth placed team also winning 7.5 crores. The others teams are not awarded any prize money. The IPL rules mandate that half of the prize money must be distributed among the players.[34]

Individual awards

Orange Cap

The Orange Cap is awarded for the top run-scorer in the IPL during a season. It is an ongoing competition with the leader wearing the cap throughout the tournament until the final game, with the eventual winner keeping the cap for the season.[35]

Year Team Nat Player Runs
2008 Kings XI Punjab Australia Shaun Marsh 616
2009 Chennai Super Kings Australia Mathew Hayden 572
2010 Mumbai Indians India Sachin Tendulkar 618
2011 Royal Challengers Bangalore Jamaica Chris Gayle 608
2012 Royal Challengers Bangalore Jamaica Chris Gayle 733
2013 Chennai Super Kings Australia Mike Hussey 733
2014 Kolkata Knight Riders India Robin Uthappa 660
2015 Sunrisers Hyderabad Australia David Warner 562
2016 Royal Challengers Bangalore India Virat Kohli 973

Purple Cap

The Purple Cap is awarded for the top wicket-taker in the IPL. It is an ongoing competition with the leader wearing the cap throughout the tournament until the final game, with the eventual winner keeping the cap for the season.[36]

Year Team Nat Player Wickets
2008 Rajasthan Royals Pakistan Sohail Tanvir 22
2009 Deccan Chargers India R P Singh 23
2010 Deccan Chargers India Pragyan Ojha 21
2011 Mumbai Indians Sri Lanka Lasith Malinga 28
2012 Delhi Daredevils South Africa Morne Morkel 25
2013 Chennai Super Kings Trinidad and Tobago Dwayne Bravo 32
2014 Chennai Super Kings India Mohit Sharma 23
2015 Chennai Super Kings Trinidad and Tobago Dwayne Bravo 26
2016 Sunrisers Hyderabad India Bhuvneshwar Kumar 23

Television

On 17 January 2008 it was announced that a consortium consisting of India's Sony Entertainment Television (Set Max) network and Singapore-based World Sport Group secured the global broadcasting rights of the Indian Premier League.[37] The record deal has a duration of ten years at a cost of US$1.026 billion. As part of the deal, the consortium will pay the BCCI US$918 million for the television broadcast rights and US$108 million for the promotion of the tournament.[38] The initial plan was for 20% of these proceeds would go to IPL, 8% as prize money and 72% would be distributed to the franchisees from 2008 until 2012, after which the IPL would go public and list its shares.[39] However, in March 2010, IPL decided not to go public and list its shares. Sony-WSG then re-sold parts of the broadcasting rights geographically to other companies. Sony Pictures Networks India (SPN) has raked in Rs 1,200 crore as advertising revenue from the ninth edition of the tournament, a growth of twenty percent from last year. The broadcaster had mopped up Rs. 1,000 crore as advertising revenue in IPL 2015.[40]

Territory Network
African Union Africa (Sub-Sahara) SuperSport (2008–present)[41]
Australia Australia Network Ten (2008)
One HD (2009-2010)
Bangladesh Bangladesh Maasranga (2008–present)[42]
Bhutan Bhutan SET Max (2008–present)[42]
Sony SIX (2013–present)[42]
Brunei Brunei Astro (2008–present)[42]
Canada Canada Sportsnet (2011–2014)[43]
West Indies Cricket Board Caribbean SportsMax (2008–present)[37]
Hong Kong Hong Kong PCCW (2010–present)[42]
India India Sony MAX (2008–present)[37]
Sony SIX (2013–present)[44]
Sony ESPN (2015–present)
Malaysia Malaysia Astro (2008–present)[42]
Arab League Arab OSN SPORTS (2015–present)[42]
Nepal Nepal Sony MAX (2008–present)[42]
Sony SIX (2013–present)[42]
Sony ESPN (2016–present)
New Zealand New Zealand Sky Sport (2012–present)[42]
Pakistan Pakistan Geo Super (2012–present)[42]
Singapore Singapore StarHub (2008–present)[42]
Singtel (2015–present)[42]
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Carlton Sports Network (2012–present)[42]
United Kingdom United Kingdom ITV4 (2011-2014)[45]
Sky Sports (2015–present)[46]
United States United States ESPN (2015–present)[47]
Worldwide internet rights The Times Group (2011–2014)[48]
Hotstar (2015–present)[49]

IPL Governing Body

The IPL Governing Body is responsible for all the functions of the tournament. The members are Rajeev Shukla, Ajay Shirke, Sourav Ganguly, Anurag Thakur, Anirudh Chaudhary. In Jan 2016, the Supreme Court appointed Lodha Committee to recommend separate governing bodies for the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) and the Indian Premier League (IPL), where Justice RM Lodha suggested a One State- One Member pattern for the board.[50]

See also

References

[51]

  1. ↑ "IPL Most runs". Cricinfo.com. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
  2. ↑ "IPL Most wickets". Cricinfo.com. Retrieved 15 April 2016.
  3. ↑ "IPL confirms South Africa switch". BBC. 24 March 2009. Retrieved 12 February 2015.
  4. ↑ "Big Bash League jumps into top 10 of most attended sports leagues in the world". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
  5. ↑ "IPL matches to be broadcast live on Youtube". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
  6. ↑ "PL to broadcast live on YouTube". The Telegraph UK. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
  7. ↑ "On a Sticky Wicket" (PDF). American Appraisal. Retrieved 2014-11-07.
  8. ↑ "IPL 2015 contributed Rs. 11.5 bn to GDP: BCCI". The Hindu. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  9. ↑ Scorecard | Indian Premier League, Final: Royal Challengers Bangalore v Sunrisers Hyderabad at Bangalore, May 29, 2016
  10. ↑ "Champions League T20 discontinued". ESPN. 15 July 2015. Retrieved 15 July 2015.
  11. ↑ "BCCI announces mini IPL for September". ESPN Cricinfo. Retrieved 23 June 2016.
  12. ↑ "IPL 2016 brand valuation". Economic Times. Retrieved 27 June 2016.
  13. ↑ "ICL announces team lists". Rediff. 14 November 2007. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
  14. ↑ Press Trust of India (13 June 2007). "BCCI shoots down ICL". Rediff.com. Retrieved 13 June 2007.
  15. ↑ Press Trust of India (21 June 2007). "BCCI hikes domestic match fees". Rediff.com. Retrieved 22 August 2007.
  16. 1 2 3 4 "Indian Premier League: How it all started". Times of India. 2 April 2013. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
  17. ↑ "Cricinfo – Big business and Bollywood grab stakes in IPL". ESPNcricinfo. 24 January 2008. Retrieved 12 December 2011.
  18. ↑ "Defunct Indian [http://www.cricketzine.com/ Cricket] League may start again". NDTV Sports. 22 June 2011. Retrieved 28 December 2015. External link in |title= (help)
  19. 1 2 Ravindran, Siddarth; Gollapudi, Nagraj (21 March 2010). "Pune and Kochi unveiled as new IPL franchises". ESPN CricInfo. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
  20. ↑ "Kochi franchise terminated by BCCI". ESPN CricInfo. 19 September 2011. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
  21. ↑ ESPN, CRICINFO. "BCCI terminates Deccan Chargers franchise". ESPN CRICINFO. Retrieved 14 September 2012.
  22. ↑ "Sun TV Network win Hyderabad IPL franchise". Wisden India. 25 October 2012.
  23. ↑ "Hyderabad IPL franchise named Sunrisers". Hyderabad IPL franchise named Sunrisers, ESPN Cricinfo. 18 December 2012. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  24. ↑ "IPL scandal: Chennai Super Kings and Rajasthan Royals suspended". BBC. 14 July 2015. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
  25. ↑ "Pune, Rajkot to host new IPL franchises". ESPN CricInfo. 8 December 2015. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
  26. 1 2 3 "Indian Premier League Schedule – IPL 2016 Fixtures". CricBetLive. 27 August 2015. Retrieved 29 December 2015.
  27. ↑ "Indian Premier League / Records / Result summary". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 29 May 2016.
  28. ↑ Slow trading with all eyes on auction, Brief discussion of IPL rules on acquiring players.
  29. ↑ IPL lays down guidelines for replacements, Discusses IPL rules on buying replacement players.
  30. ↑ IPL rules when trading players. ESPNcricinfo
  31. ↑ "IPL 3 to start on March 12 in Hyderabad". The Times of India. Retrieved 4 April 2013.
  32. ↑ "IPL salary cap fixed at Rs 60 crore: Reports". NDTV Sports. 30 November 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2015.
  33. ↑ "Rs 40 Crore Prize Money On Offer in IPL Playoffs". The New Indian Express. 24 May 2014. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
  34. ↑ "IPL-onomics: where Indian players call the shots". 22 April 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2013.
  35. ↑ "IPLT20.com - Indian Premier League Official Website". IPLT20 - 2015 Orange Cap Final Leaderboard. Retrieved 2016-04-20.
  36. ↑ "IPLT20.com - 2015 Purple Cap Final Leaderboard". IPLT20. Retrieved 2016-04-20.
  37. 1 2 3 "Sony and World Sports Group bag IPL television rights". ESPNcricinfo. 14 January 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
  38. ↑ "Billion dollar rights deal for IPL". The Australian. 15 January 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
  39. ↑ IndranilBasu (27 January 2008). "Does the IPL model make sense?". The Times of India. Retrieved 21 March 2008.
  40. ↑ "Sony rakes in Rs. 1,200 crore advertising revenue from IPL 9". SportsCafe.in. 5 June 2016.
  41. ↑ "TV channels showing IPL matches in US, Canada, UK, Australia, India, UAE and Africa". kalyansuman.com. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  42. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 "List of broadcasters in Pepsi IPL 2014". IPLT20.com. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  43. ↑ "IPL Cricket live on Sportsnet". sportscastermagazine.ca. 1 April 2011.
  44. ↑ "Sony Kix TV Channel Live Telecast the IPL 2015 matches in Tamil, Telugu". Cricshed. 4 April 2015. Retrieved 4 April 2015.
  45. ↑ "Sky Sports grabs rights to IPL cricket from 2015". uSwitch. 18 February 2014. Retrieved 23 April 2015.
  46. ↑ "IPL on Sky Sports: Indian Premier League live on Sky from 2015". Sky Sports. 17 February 2015. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  47. ↑ "ESPN awarded IPL Media Rights for US". BCCI. 28 February 2015. Retrieved 31 March 2015.
  48. ↑ "Times Group-led consortium wins IPL internet, mobile rights". The Times of India.
  49. ↑ "Star unit wins Internet, mobile rights for IPL". Mint. 11 February 2015. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
  50. ↑ "Lodha Committee recommends separate governing bodies for BCCI, IPL". mid-day. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
  51. ↑ IPL News. CricketZine. Retrieved 22 September 2016

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