Indonesian legislative election, 2014

Indonesian legislative election, 2014

9 April 2014

All 692 seats to the People's Consultative Assembly (People's Representative Council: 560; Regional Representative Council: 136) 281 seats needed for a majority Turnout 75.11% 4.12%   First party Second party Third party   Leader Megawati Sukarnoputri Aburizal Bakrie Prabowo Subianto Party PDI–P Golkar Gerindra Last election 94 seats, 14.03% 106 seats, 14.45% 26 seats, 4.46% Seats won 109 91 73 Seat change 15 15 47 Popular vote 23,681,471 18,432,312 14,760,371 Percentage 18.95% 14.75% 11.81% Swing 4.92% 0.30% 7.35%   Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party   PKB Leader Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Hatta Rajasa Muhaimin Iskandar Party Demokrat PAN PKB Last election 148 seats, 20.85% 46 seats, 6.01% 28 seats, 4.94% Seats won 61 49 47 Seat change 87 3 19 Popular vote 12,728,913 9,481,621 11,298,957 Percentage 10.19% 7.59% 9.04% Swing 10.66% 1.58% 4.10%   Seventh party Eighth party Ninth party   NASDEM Leader Anis Matta Suryadharma Ali Surya Paloh Party PKS PPP Nasdem Last election 57 seats, 7.88% 38 seats, 5.32% New party Seats won 40 39 35 Seat change 17 1 New party Popular vote 8,480,204 8,157,488 8,402,812 Percentage 6.79% 6.53% 6.72% Swing 1.09% 1.21% New party

Speakers before election MPR: Sidarto Danusubroto DPR: Marzuki Alie DPD: Irman Gusman Speakers-designate MPR: Zulkifli Hasan DPR: Setya Novanto DPD: Irman Gusman

Legislative elections were held in Indonesia on 9 April 2014 to elect 136 members of the Regional Representative Council (DPD), 560 members of the People's Representative Council (DPR) and members of regional assemblies at the provincial and regency/municipality level.^[1] For eligible voters residing outside Indonesia, elections were held on 5 or 6 April 2014 based on the decision of electoral commission of each different countries.

Seats up for election

Legislative elections in Indonesia: April 2014^[2]

Level	Institution	Seats contested
National	People's Representative Council Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR)	560
National	Regional Representative Council Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (DPD)	136
Province Provinsi	People's Regional Representative Council Level I Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah I (DPRD I)	2,112
Regency Kabupaten/Kota	People's Regional Representative Council Level II Dewan Perwakilian Rakyat Daerah II (DPRD II)	16,895
	Total	20,389

Parties contesting the elections

A total of 46 parties registered to take part in the election nationwide, from which only 12 parties (plus 3 Aceh parties) passed the requirements set by the General Elections Commission (KPU). To contest the elections, all parties must have

• A branch office and branch in every province
• A branch office and branch at least 75% of the regencies or municipalities in every province
• A branch (but not necessarily a permanent office) in at least 50% of the districts in every regency or municipality
• At least 1,000 registered members

In addition, at least one third of each party's candidates must be female.^[2]

Initially all parties with seats in the People's Representative Council were to be allowed to contest the election without the need for verification, but on 29 August 2012, Indonesia's Constitutional Court overturned this provision, obliging all parties to undergo the process.^[3]

The results of this election will be instrumental to the presidential election in July due to the requirement that a presidential ticket must be supported by a party or a coalition of parties winning at least 20% of the seats or 25% of the popular votes in the legislative election.

The 12 national and 3 Aceh parties, together with their ballot numbers are:

1. National Democratic Party (Partai Nasional Demokrat, Nasdem)
2. National Awakening Party (Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa, PKB)
3. Prosperous Justice Party (Partai Keadilan Sejahtera, PKS)
4. Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle (Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan, PDI–P)
5. Party of the Functional Groups (Partai Golongan Karya, Golkar)
6. Great Indonesia Movement Party (Partai Gerakan Indonesia Raya, Gerindra)
7. Democratic Party (Partai Demokrat, PD)
8. National Mandate Party (Partai Amanat Nasional, PAN)
9. United Development Party (Partai Persatuan Pembangunan, PPP)
10. People's Conscience Party (Partai Hati Nurani Rakyat, Hanura)
11. Aceh Peace Party (Partai Damai Aceh, PDA)
12. Aceh National Party (Partai Nasional Aceh, PNA)
13. Aceh Party (Partai Aceh, PA)
14. Crescent Star Party (Partai Bulan Bintang, PBB)
15. Indonesian Justice and Unity Party (Partai Keadilan dan Persatuan Indonesia, PKPI)

Election schedule

A polling station used for the 2014 Indonesian legislative elections. The foyr ballot boxes are at the front, while the voting booths are as the rear.

The schedule for the elections, as determined by the Indonesian General Elections Commission is as follows:^[4]

Date	Event
9 August 2012	Voter registration begins
9–15 April 2013	Registration of candidates for the DPR, DPD and DPRD
4 August 2013	Publication of final list of DPR candidates
16 August 2013	Publication of provisional electoral roll
16 March 2014	Start of election campaign
6–8 April 2014	Quiet period - no campaigning allowed
9 April 2014	Election day
7–9 May 2014	Announcement of results
11–17 May 2014	Announcement of seat allocations
1 October 2014	DPR and DPD members sworn in

Electoral system

On polling day, voters were given four ballot papers, one each for the national People's Representative Council (DPR) and Regional Representative Council (DPD) and one each for their local provincial and regency/municipality Regional Representative Councils (DPRD I and DPRD II). Candidates for the DPR and DPRDI/II stand on a party platform. The ballot papers had a section for each of the parties with the party number and symbol. Under the symbols, that parties candidates were listed. Voters could vote for just the party, or one of the candidates (or both) by punching a hole in the ballot paper with the tool provided. Candidates for the DPD stood on an individual basis, so voters simply needed to punch a hole in the candidate's picture, ballot number or name.^[5]

Allocation of seats

For the People's Representative Council (DPR) election each province was divided into between one and eleven electoral districts depending on population. Each of these electoral districts elected between three and ten members by proportional representation with a 3.5% national threshold.^[5]

Province	DPR seats	Electoral districts
Aceh	13	2
North Sumatra	30	3
West Sumatra	14	2
Riau	11	2
Riau Islands	3	1
Jambi	7	1
South Sumatra	17	2
Bangka–Belitung Islands	3	1
Bengkulu	4	1
Lampung	18	2
Jakarta	21	3
West Java	91	11
Banten	22	3
Central Java	77	10
Yogyakarta	8	1
East Java	87	11
Bali	9	1
West Nusa Tenggara	10	1
East Nusa Tenggara	13	2
West Kalimantan	10	1
Central Kalimantan	6	1
South Kalimantan	11	2
East Kalimantan	8	1
North Sulawesi	6	1
Gorontalo	3	1
Central Sulawesi	6	1
South Sulawesi	24	3
Southeast Sulawesi	5	1
West Sulawesi	3	1
Maluku	4	1
North Maluku	3	1
Papua	10	1
West Papua	3	1
Total	560	77

Once the votes were counted, the General Elections Commission eliminated any party that had failed to obtain an 3.5% share of the national vote. It then allocated seats in the People's Representative Council via a two-stage process. First the number of votes to secure one DPR seat in each electoral district was calculated by dividing the number of valid votes by the number of seats to be elected in each district. Each party's vote in each district was divided by this amount to determine the number of seats won outright. Any party with less than this amount won no seats in this first stage. The remaining votes were then used to determine which party won any seats so far unallocated by awarding these seats to the parties with the largest remainders until all seats were allocated.^[2]

For the Regional Representative Council (DPD) each province, regardlesa of size and population, returns 4 members. The candidates for DPD stood independently. Voters were given one and only one vote. The system used is Single Non-Transferable Vote.

Only parties with at least 25 percent of the popular vote or that control 20 percent of seats in the DPR were able to nominate candidates for the presidential election. Parties that did not achieve this percentage had to form a coalition with other parties to make up the required percentage share to nominate a candidate. ^[6]

Opinion polls

Numerous opinion polls have been done by many different pollsters to gauge the voting intention of the electorate. However, many of them are regarded to be unreliable.^[7] The quality of polling in Indonesia varies considerably. Further, some of the polling institutions provide little information about their polling methods. The data set out below should therefore be treated with care.

Poll source	Date(s) administered	Sample size	Demokrat	Golkar	PDI-P	PKS	PAN	PPP	PKB	Gerindra	Hanura	Nasdem	PBB	PKPI	Undecided
2009 election	9 April 2009	104,048,118	20.85%	14.45%	14.03%	7.88%	6.01%	5.32%	4.94%	4.46%	3.77%	–	1.79%	0.90%	15.60%
LSI (Lingkaran)	1–8 March 2013	1,200	11.7%	22.2%	18.8%	3.7%	4.0%	4.0%	4.5%	7.3%	2.6%	4.5%	–	–	16.7%
LSN	26 February–15 March 2013	1,230	4.3%	19.2%	20.5%	4.6%	4.1%	3.4%	4.1%	11.9%	6.2%	5.3%	0.4%	0.2%	15.8%
LKP	20–30 March 2013	1,225	7.8%	19.2%	18.8%	5.1%	4.6%	3.9%	4.4%	10.5%	8.1%	6.3%	0.9%	0.3%	10.1%
LSN	1–10 May 2013	1,230	6.1%	19.7%	18.3%	3.8%	3.8%	4.3%	4.6%	13.9%	6.9%	4.8%	1.4%	0.05%	11.9%
LIPI	10–31 May 2013	1,799	11.1%	14.5%	14.9%	2.6%	2.5%	2.9%	5.6%	7.4%	1.9%	2.2%	0.6%	0.3%	31.1%
IRC	May 2013	-	7.5%	12.2%	14.7%	2.8%	2.8%	2.4%	2.8%	11.1%	4.0%	4.5%	0.4%	0.3%	-
PDB	11–18 June 2013	1,200	9.4%	14.1%	14.53%	1.2%	2.56%	2.31%	2.56%	8.89%	1.03%	3.33%	0.34%	0.09%	21.11%
IRC	8–11 July 2013	794	7.66%	7.00%	17.96%	3.30%	1.45%	0.9%	1.19%	6.61%	5.95%	2.11%	1.4%	1.5%	44.1%
Kompas	July 2013	1,400	10.1%	16.0%	23.6%	2.20%	2.5%	4.2%	5.7%	13.6%	2.7%	4.1%	–	–	13.4%
Alvara	15–23 August 2013	1,532	7.4%	8.4%	14.8%	3.4%	2.1%	2.2%	1.7%	12.5%	3.8%	4.6%	0.1%	0.1%	39.0%
SSSG	25 August–9 September 2013	1,250	10.3%	5.0%	13.6%	2.9%	2.7%	0.9%	0.6%	5.6%	2.2%	1.9%	0.9%	0.1%	–
LSI (Lingkaran)	12 September–5 October 2013	1,200	9.8%	20.4%	18.7%	4.4%	5.2%	4.6%	4.6%	6.6%	3.4%	2.0%	0.6%	0.3%	19.4%
Pol-Tracking Institute	13 September–11 October 2013	2,010	8.8%	16.9%	18.5%	2.9%	2.0%	3.4%	4.6%	6.6%	3.5%	2.1%	0.7%	0.1%	-
Indikator	10–20 October 2013	1,200 (400)	9.2%	17.5%	21.6%	3.1%	1.2%	4.7%	4.5%	9.1%	4.1%	3.7%	0.9%	0%	20.3%
Indikator (if Joko Widodo runs)			8.8%	16.9%	37.8%	0.6%	2.5%	3.6%	2.5%	6.6%	3.5%	1.4%	0.3%	0%	21.1%
Morgan	October 2013	2,985	15%	21%	24%	5%	5%	2%	7%	12%	5%	2%	1%	–	1%
Morgan	November 2013	2,960	14%	21%	29%	5%	5%	2%	5%	12%	5%	2%	0%	–	–
Charta Politika	28 November–6 December 2013	2,010	7.4%	12.6%	15.8%	3.8%	4.4%	3.8%	5.9%	7.8%	4.1%	3.9%	0.4%	0.3%	29.7%
Indo Barometer	4–15 December 2013	1,200	5.4%	14.2%	28.8%	2.5%	4.2%	2.1%	7.1%	9.2%	2.5%	0.8%	0.4%	0.0%	22.9
Pol-Tracking Institute	16–23 December 2013	1,200	7.92%	15.93%	22.44%	3.00%	2.67%	4.50%	4.59%	8.67%	4.25%	2.50%	0.25%	0.00%	23.27%
Kompas	December 2013	1,380-1,400	7.2%	16.5%	21.8%	2.3%	3.2%	2.4%	5.1%	11.1%	6.6%	6.9%	1.1%	0.1%	6.7%
Morgan	December 2013	2,144	14%	20%	26%	4%	5%	2%	6%	12%	6%	3%	1%	–	1%
LSI (Lingkaran)	6–16 January 2014	1,200	4.7%	18.3%	18.2%	2.2%	3.3%	3.6%	3.7%	8.7%	4.0%	2.0%	0.7%	0.5%	30.1%
LSJ	12–26 January 2014	1,240	6.12%	17.74%	19.83%	3.87%	4.51%	4.83%	4.67%	12.58%	6.85%	6.94%	1.20%	0.24%	10.62%
Morgan	January 2014	3,000	11%	20%	27%	4%	5%	2%	7%	14%	6%	2%	1%	–	1%
Median	28 January–15 February 2014	1,500	5.7%	17.8%	21.4%	5.1%	3.5%	4.9%	5.0%	6.2%	4.8%	3.6%	1.1%	0.1%	20.8%
Morgan	February 2014	2,934	10%	20%	29%	4%	4%	2%	6%	15%	7%	2%	1%	–	–
LKP	26 February–4 March 2014	1,240	6.7%	18.1%	21.8%	3.7%	3.3%	3.5%	5.7%	11.1%	11.3%	3.1%	1.1%	0.3%	10.3%
Charta Politika	1–8 March 2014	1,200	8.0%	16.4%	21.2%	3.2%	4.5%	5.1%	7.2%	12.0%	4.8%	2.6%	0.4%	0.1%	14.5%
Morgan	1–15 March 2014	2,300	11%	22%	27%	4%	4%	3%	3%	17%	6%	2%	1%	–	–
Morgan	16–30 March 2014	1,965	10%	17%	37%	4%	4%	2%	3%	14%	6%	3%	–	–	–
JSI	24-30 March 2014	1,200	9.0%	18.0%	24.7%	4.3%	6.5%	5.4%	7.9%	11.8%	6.1%	4.4%	0.9%	0.9%	–
Election results	9 April 2014	124,972,491	10.19%	14.75%	18.95%	6.79%	7.59%	6.53%	9.04%	11.81%	5.26%	6.72%	1.46%	0.91%	–

Results

Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle won the election by 18.95% votes, followed by Golkar with 14.75% votes and Great Indonesia Movement Party with 11.81% vote. However, neither of the parties can submit their own presidential candidate for the next 2014 Indonesian presidential election because none of them reached the electoral threshold for the presidential election, 20%.

  Summary of the 9 April 2014 Indonesian People's Representative Council election results

Parties	Votes	%	Swing	Seats	%	+/-
Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle (Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan, PDI–P)	23,681,471	18.95	4.92	109	19.46	15
Party of the Functional Groups (Partai Golongan Karya, Golkar)	18,432,312	14.75	0.30	91	16.25	15
Great Indonesia Movement Party (Partai Gerakan Indonesia Raya, Gerindra)	14,760,371	11.81	7.35	73	13.04	47
Democratic Party (Partai Demokrat, PD)	12,728,913	10.19	10.66	61	10.89	87
National Mandate Party (Partai Amanat Nasional, PAN)	9,481,621	7.59	1.58	49	8.75	3
National Awakening Party (Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa, PKB)	11,298,957	9.04	4.10	47	8.39	19
Prosperous Justice Party (Partai Keadilan Sejahtera, PKS)	8,480,204	6.79	1.09	40	7.14	17
United Development Party (Partai Persatuan Pembangunan, PPP)	8,157,488	6.53	1.21	39	6.96	1
Nasdem Party (Partai Nasdem, Nasdem)	8,402,812	6.72	New	35	6.25	New
People's Conscience Party (Partai Hati Nurani Rakyat, Hanura)	6,579,498	5.26	1.49	16	2.86	1
Crescent Star Party (Partai Bulan Bintang, PBB)	1,825,750	1.46	0.33	0	0.00
Indonesian Justice and Unity Party (Partai Keadilan dan Persatuan Indonesia, PKPI)	1,143,094	0.91	0.01	0	0.00
Total	124,972,491	100.00		560	100.00
Spoilt and null votes	14,601,436	7.86	6.57
Voter turnout	139,573,927	75.11	4.12
Electorate	185,826,024
Source: General Election Commission and People's Representative Council website Note: Seat change totals are displayed only for parties which stood in the previous election, including those which changed party names
Parties contesting in Aceh only
Aceh Party (Partai Aceh)
Aceh National Party (Partai Nasional Aceh, PNA)			New
Aceh Peace Party (Partai Damai Aceh, PDA)			New
Source: [8][9][10][11][12] Note: 1. Results are pending to appeals made in the Constitutional Court. 2. Aceh local parties only contested for the regional legislative assemblies, not the DPR. Results are included here for completeness. The remainder of the votes were won by national parties.

Popular vote
PDI–P			18.95%
Golkar			14.75%
Gerindra			11.81%
Demokrat			10.19%
PKB			9.04%
PAN			7.59%
PKS			6.79%
Nasdem			6.72%
PPP			6.53%
Hanura			5.26%
Other			2.37%

DPR seats
PDI–P			19.46%
Golkar			16.25%
Gerindra			13.04%
Demokrat			10.89%
PAN			8.75%
PKB			8.39%
PKS			7.14%
PPP			6.96%
Nasdem			6.25%
Hanura			2.86%

The disproportionality of the Indonesian People's Representative Council in the 2014 election was 3.02 according to the Gallagher Index, mainly between Hanura and the minor parties.

Gallery

• 

  Polling station for overseas Indonesians in Tainan, Taiwan

• 

  Voters examining the list of legislative candidates

• 

  An election official holding up a ballot paper during the vote count

• 

  Counting underway in a polling station in Bali

References

1. KPU (General Elections Commission) (8 June 2012). "Launching Tahapan Pemilu, KPU Tetapkan Pemungutan Suara: 9 April 2014 (Launching of the Election Stages, KPU Sets Voting Day: 9 April 2014)" (in Indonesian). KPU Media Center. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
2. Vikram Nehru; Nadia Bulkin (2014). "How Indonesia's 2014 Elections Will Work". Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Retrieved 6 April 2014.
3. "46 political parties meet deadline to register for 2014 elections". The Jakarta Post. 8 September 2012. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
4. Tahapan Pemuilu (Election Stages) (PDF) (in Indonesian), Komisi Pemilihan Umum (General Elections Commission), retrieved 24 March 2014
5. General Elections Commission (Indonesia) (6 April 2014), "Coblos Pilihanmu!!! (Punch your choice!!!)", Kompas, Jakarta, pp. A–D
6. "Ruling stymies Prabowo's bid". The Jakarta Post. 25 January 2014. Retrieved 7 April 2014.
7. "Ratusan Lembaga Survei Tidak Terpercaya" (in Indonesian). Kompas. March 12, 2014.
8. Inggried Dwi Wedhaswary. "PDI-P Pemenang Pemilu Legislatif 2014" (in Indonesian). Kompas. Retrieved 9 May 2014.
9. http://www.kpu.go.id/koleksigambar/952014_SK_KPU_411.pdf
10. http://www.kpu.go.id/koleksigambar/952014_SK_KPU_412.pdf
11. Palupi Annisa Auliani. "Lebih dari 14 Juta Suara Pemilu Legislatif 2014 Rusak?" (in Indonesian). Kompas. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
12. Deytri Robekka Aritonang. "Ini Sebaran Kursi Partai di 33 Provinsi" (in Indonesian). Kompas. Retrieved 13 May 2014.