Inherent Vice (film)

Inherent Vice

Theatrical release poster
Directed by Paul Thomas Anderson
Produced by JoAnne Sellar
Daniel Lupi
Paul Thomas Anderson
Screenplay by Paul Thomas Anderson
Based on Inherent Vice
by Thomas Pynchon
Starring Joaquin Phoenix
Josh Brolin
Owen Wilson
Katherine Waterston
Reese Witherspoon
Benicio del Toro
Jena Malone
Maya Rudolph
Martin Short
Music by Jonny Greenwood
Cinematography Robert Elswit
Edited by Leslie Jones
Production
company
IAC Films
Ghoulardi Film Company
Distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures
Release dates
  • October 4, 2014 (2014-10-04) (NYFF)
  • December 12, 2014 (2014-12-12) (United States)
Running time
 149 minutes[1]
Country United States
Language English
Budget $20 million[2]
Box office $14.7 million[3]

Inherent Vice is a 2014 American crime comedy-drama film. The seventh feature film directed by Paul Thomas Anderson, Inherent Vice was adapted by Anderson from the novel of the same name by Thomas Pynchon; the cast includes Joaquin Phoenix, Josh Brolin, Owen Wilson, Katherine Waterston, Eric Roberts, Reese Witherspoon, Benicio del Toro, Jena Malone, Joanna Newsom, Jeannie Berlin, Maya Rudolph, Michael K. Williams and Martin Short. As with its source material, the storyline revolves around Larry "Doc" Sportello, a stoner hippie and PI in 1970, as he becomes embroiled in the Los Angeles criminal underworld while investigating three cases interrelated by the disappearance of his ex-girlfriend and her wealthy boyfriend.

Anderson's adaptation of Inherent Vice had been in development since 2010; it is the first time one of Pynchon's novels has been adapted for the screen. The film marks Anderson's second consecutive collaboration with Joaquin Phoenix following The Master and involves a number of his other recurring collaborators, including producers Daniel Lupi and JoAnne Sellar, cinematographer Robert Elswit and editor Leslie Jones. It is also the third consecutive Anderson film to be scored by Radiohead guitarist and keyboardist Jonny Greenwood, following There Will Be Blood and The Master.

The film premiered at the New York Film Festival on October 4, 2014, and began a limited theatrical release in the United States on December 12, 2014. Critical reception was polarized, but generally leaned towards acclaim; reviewers praised the cast, particularly Brolin, Phoenix and Waterston, while criticism tended to focus on its convoluted plot and lack of coherence. It went on to receive a number of award nominations, including two Oscar nominations and a Best Actor Golden Globe Award nomination for Phoenix. The National Board of Review named it one of the ten best films of the year. Some reviews have said that Inherent Vice has the makings of a cult film.[4] In 2016, it was voted the 75th best film of the 21st century as picked by 177 film critics from around the world.[5]

Plot

In 1970, Shasta Fay Hepworth visits the rickety beach house of her ex-boyfriend, Larry "Doc" Sportello, a private investigator and hippie/dope head in Gordita Beach, a fictional town in Los Angeles County. Shasta tells him about her new lover, Michael Z. "Mickey" Wolfmann, a wealthy real estate developer. She asks Doc to help prevent Mickey's wife and her lover from having Mickey abducted and committed to an insane asylum.

At his office, Doc meets with Tariq Khalil, a member of the Black Guerrilla Family. Khalil hires Doc to find Glen Charlock, a member of the Aryan Brotherhood he met in jail, who now owes him money and is one of Wolfmann's bodyguards.

Doc visits Mickey's Channel View Estates project and enters the only business in the developing strip mall, a brothel/massage parlor, where he meets an employee, Jade. Doc searches the premises for Charlock, but he is knocked on the head with a baseball bat and collapses. He awakens outside, lying next to Charlock's dead body and surrounded by policemen. Doc is brought to the police station and interrogated by Det. Christian F. "Bigfoot" Bjornsen of the LAPD. Here, Doc learns that Wolfmann has disappeared without a trace. He is helped by his attorney, Sauncho Smilax, who arranges for his release by the LAPD.

Doc then takes on his third "case" of the film. He is hired by former heroin addict Hope Harlingen, who is looking for her missing husband, Coy. She was told that Coy was dead; but she believes he is alive because, shortly after his supposed death, there was a large deposit to her bank account. Coy seeks out Doc and says he is hiding at a house in Topanga Canyon. In a second meeting, he reveals he is a police informant and fears for his life, only wanting to return to his wife and daughter.

At his office Doc finds a message from Jade who apologizes for setting him up with the police and tells him to "beware of the Golden Fang". He meets her in an alley, where she explains that the Golden Fang is an international drug smuggling operation. Doc talks to Sauncho, who gives him some information on a suspicious boat called the "Golden Fang" and tells him that, the last time the ship sailed, it was with Shasta on board. Thanks to a postcard from her, Doc finds a large building shaped suspiciously like a golden fang and meets with the dentist Dr. Rudy Blatnoyd.

The day after, Bigfoot calls Doc and tells him that the dentist has just been found dead with a neck injury – fang bites. Bigfoot also decides to help Doc about Coy and tells him to search for Puck Beaverton in Chryskylodon, an insane asylum run by a sort of cult with a connection to the Golden Fang. There, Doc finds Mickey, who is being eyed by the FBI, and manages to talk to him. The man tells him he had been feeling guilty for the negativity that his real-estate business has caused and wants to give away all his money. He now appears to be a happy member of the cult.

When Doc returns home to his beach house, he is greeted by Shasta, who has returned and is indifferent to all the trouble her disappearance has caused. She confesses to being on a "three-hour tour" and that she was brought along as inherent vice. She and Doc have sex; and when she tells him "It doesn't mean we're back together," Doc replies, "Of course not!"

Penny, an assistant district attorney with whom Doc was having a fling, provides him with confidential files from which he learns that the loan shark Adrian Prussia is paid by the police department to kill people for them and that one of his victims was Bigfoot's former partner. Prussia is tied to the Golden Fang and Doc learns that Glen Charlock was involved with a deal, which is how he ended up dead. Doc visits Adrian, noticing his obsession with baseball bats, but is abducted and drugged by his partner Puck. He manages to escape, killing both Puck and Adrian. Bigfoot appears and rescues him but after being driven home by Bigfoot, Doc learns that he has been set up: Bigfoot has planted some smuggled heroin in his car. Doc successfully arranges for the drugs to be returned to the Golden Fang in exchange for Coy's freedom.

The film ends as Doc and Shasta ride in a car going to an unknown destination. Doc states that this doesn't mean they are back together. She replies, jokingly, "Of course not."

Cast

Production

Development

It was first reported in December 2010 that Anderson wanted to adapt Inherent Vice; at the time, he had been writing a treatment and started on a script after The Master had been shelved indefinitely months prior.[6] Anderson originally adapted the entire 384-page novel sentence by sentence which made it easier for him to cut down the script than the novel.[7] By February 2011, Anderson had written a first draft and was more than halfway done with a second draft.[8] The first draft was written without a narrator but the character of Sortilège was later turned into the voice of the narrator.[7] In September 2012, Anderson stated that he was still writing the script but was hoping he could get Inherent Vice into production and have a few years of being more productive.[9][10]

This is the first film adaptation from a Thomas Pynchon novel[11][12] with Anderson describing it "like a Cheech & Chong movie".[10] Years prior, Anderson considered adapting Pynchon's 1990 novel Vineland but could not figure out how but when Inherent Vice came out he was drawn to it and wrote the film concurrently with The Master.[7] Anderson significantly changed the ending from the novel[7] and described the film as "deeply written and beautifully profound stuff mixed in with just the best fart jokes and poop jokes that you can imagine."[13] Anderson drew inspiration from Kiss Me Deadly, The Big Sleep, Raymond Chandler's The Long Goodbye, and Cheech & Chong's Up in Smoke.[7][13][14] Anderson has said he tried to cram as many jokes onto the screen as Pynchon squeezed onto the page and that the visual gags and gimmicks were inspired by Zucker, Abrahams and Zucker-style slapstick spoofs like Police Squad!, Top Secret!, and Airplane!.[7] Anderson also used the underground comic strip Fabulous Furry Freak Brothers as what he has described as an invaluable "research bible" for the writing process.[12]

Casting

Robert Downey, Jr. was reportedly interested in the role of Larry "Doc" Sportello and was making plans to start shooting in the fall of 2011 since he had dropped out of Oz the Great and Powerful.[8][15] Downey, Jr. stated in December 2011 that the planned collaboration was "probably true".[16] In January 2013, it was reported that Joaquin Phoenix was in talks for the lead and that Downey, Jr. had ultimately passed on the role.[17] Downey, Jr. later said that Anderson wanted to make the film with Phoenix because he was too old.[18]

In May 2013, it was reported that Benicio del Toro,[19] Owen Wilson,[20] Reese Witherspoon,[21] Martin Short,[22] and Jena Malone[22] were in talks to join the film. In May 2013, it was reported that Josh Brolin[23] joined the cast and that Katherine Waterston joined as the lead female role.[24] In June 2013, it was reported that Peter McRobbie[25] and Sasha Pieterse[26] joined the cast. In July 2013, it was reported that Timothy Simons joined the cast.[27] In October 2013, it was reported that Michael K. Williams joined the cast.[28]

In September 2014, it was reported that Pynchon may have a cameo in the film, which Anderson would not confirm, citing Pynchon's choice to stay out of the public spotlight.[7] Brolin went as far as to confirm the cameo and claimed that Pynchon was on set but that nobody knew it was him as he stayed in the corner.[7]

Filming

Principal photography began in May 2013, and it was reported that shooting was to take place until August 2, 2013.[29] Shooting permits in California covered a San Fernando Valley warehouse, a storefront on Slauson Boulevard, driving shots in the Canoga Park area, driving shots in canyon roads above Malibu and a warehouse in Chinatown.[29] In June 2014, filming also took place in Pasadena, and aboard the tall ship American Pride located in Long Beach.[30]

The set has been described as organized chaos but the cast felt protected when they took big risks.[13] Short stated that "If you're working with a great director, you feel very, very, very safe because you know that all the decisions will be made months later in the editing room."[13] Malone stated that "it was a very structured process" and that the "chaos can only come from a grounded, logical base because you have to know where you're going to be spinning from. The logic becomes the chaos and the chaos becomes the logic."[13]

According to Waterston, Anderson did not have a clear goal while on set but it did not feel chaotic.[31] Brolin expressed similar feelings saying that "It was crazy, chaotic but really, really gratifying."[32] Brolin also stated that there was "a really strange lack of pretense" but that Anderson would work with the actors when they felt something was not working.[31] Pieterse stated that Anderson allowed "freedom and flexibility to really dive into your character and shape the scene".[33] Wilson said "Sometimes I wouldn't necessarily know what I was doing. We were encouraged to kind of do anything."[13]

Music

On February 6, 2014, The Film Music Reporter confirmed that Radiohead guitarist Jonny Greenwood would compose the music for the film.[34] His score was recorded with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra in London.[34] This is the third time Greenwood has scored an Anderson film, the first two being There Will Be Blood and The Master.[35] An unreleased Radiohead song called "Spooks" appears on the soundtrack,[35] as do recordings from the late 1960s and early 1970s by Neil Young, Can, and The Marketts, among others. The film soundtrack was released by Nonesuch Records on December 16.[36]

The film features a cameo by Orange County-based music group The Growlers.

Release

Inherent Vice premiered as the centerpiece at the New York Film Festival on October 4, 2014.[37] The film received a limited release on December 12, 2014,[38] before being released in 645 theaters on January 9, 2015.[39]

This film earned $8 million domestically and $6.6 million internationally, despite the positive reviews bringing its final gross to $14.6 million - around six million short of earning its budget back.[3]

Reception

Inherent Vice was met with general acclaim. Critics praised the film for its performances, particularly those of Joaquin Phoenix, Josh Brolin and Katherine Waterston, while some were frustrated by its complicated plot. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a rating of 74%, based on 221 reviews, with an average rating of 7.1/10. The site's consensus reads, "Inherent Vice may prove frustrating for viewers who demand absolute coherence, but it does justice to its acclaimed source material – and should satisfy fans of director P.T. Anderson."[40] At Metacritic, the film has a score of 81 out of 100, based on 43 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".[41]

Film Journal International's Ethan Alter commented that the film is "confounding, challenging and consistently unique."[42] IGN reviewer Matt Patches gave the film an 8.9 out of 10 score, saying "There's nothing certain – a surprisingly rewarding sensation that demands repeat viewings. There's so much, too much, to soak up, and all the laughter Anderson piles on top of the thematics means there's plenty to miss. Inherent Vice is a high grain strain: Provocative, hilarious, and its own breed of weird."[43] Collider.com's Adam Chitwood named it one of the top ten films of 2014.[44]

The film was ranked 75th in a survey of 177 critics conducted by the BBC in 2016 to determine the 100 best films of the 21st century.[5]

Top ten lists

Inherent Vice was listed on many critics' top ten lists of 2014 movies.[45]

Accolades

Award Date of ceremony Category Recipient(s) and nominee(s) Result Ref
87th Academy Awards February 22, 2015 Best Adapted Screenplay Paul Thomas Anderson Nominated [47]
Best Costume Design Mark Bridges Nominated
ACE Eddie Awards January 30, 2015 Best Edited Feature Film – Comedy or Musical Leslie Jones Nominated [48]
Art Directors Guild Awards January 31, 2015 Excellence in Production Design for a Period Film David Crank Nominated [49]
Boston Online Film Critics Association December 6, 2014 The Ten Best Films of the Year Won [50]
Boston Society of Film Critics December 7, 2014 Best Use of Music in a Film Jonny Greenwood Won [51]
Central Ohio Film Critics Association January 8, 2015 Best Supporting Actor Josh Brolin Runner-up (tie) [52][53]
Best Adapted Screenplay Paul Thomas Anderson Nominated
Costume Designers Guild February 17, 2015 Excellence in Period Film Mark Bridges Nominated [54]
Critics' Choice Movie Award January 15, 2015 Best Supporting Actor Josh Brolin Nominated [55]
Best Adapted Screenplay Paul Thomas Anderson Nominated
Best Art Direction David Crank
Amy Wells		 Nominated
Best Costume Design Mark Bridges Nominated
Denver Film Critics Society January 12, 2015 Best Picture Inherent Vice Nominated [56][57]
Best Director Paul Thomas Anderson Nominated
Best Supporting Actor Josh Brolin Nominated
Best Supporting Actress Katherine Waterston Nominated
Best Adapted Screenplay Paul Thomas Anderson Won
Best Score Jonny Greenwood Nominated
Film Independent Spirit Awards February 21, 2015 Robert Altman Award Won [58]
Georgia Film Critics Association January 9, 2015 Best Adapted Screenplay Paul Thomas Anderson Nominated [59][60]
Best Cinematography Robert Elswit Nominated
Best Production Design David Crank Nominated
Golden Globe Awards January 11, 2015 Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy Joaquin Phoenix Nominated [61]
Houston Film Critics Society Awards January 12, 2015 Best Picture Inherent Vice Nominated [62][63]
Best Director Paul Thomas Anderson Nominated
Best Supporting Actor Josh Brolin Nominated
Best Cinematography Robert Elswit Nominated
Best Poster Inherent Vice Nominated
International Film Music Critics Association Awards February 19, 2015 Best Original Score for an Action/Adventure/Thriller Film Jonny Greenwood Nominated [64]
London Film Critics' Circle January 18, 2015 Technical Achievement Award Mark Bridges (costumes) Nominated [65]
Los Angeles Film Critics Association December 7, 2014 Best Music Score (tied with Mica Levi for Under the Skin) Jonny Greenwood Won [66]
National Board of Review January 6, 2015 Top 10 Films Won [67]
Best Adapted Screenplay Paul Thomas Anderson Won
San Francisco Film Critics Circle December 14, 2014 Best Adapted Screenplay Paul Thomas Anderson Won [68][69]
Best Production Design David Crank Nominated
Best Editing Leslie Jones Nominated
Satellite Award February 15, 2015 Best Supporting Actress Katherine Waterston Nominated [70]
Best Adapted Screenplay Paul Thomas Anderson Nominated
Best Cinematography Robert Elswit Nominated
Saturn Award June 25, 2015 Best Action or Adventure Film Inherent Vice Nominated
Best Supporting Actor Josh Brolin Nominated
USC Scripter Award January 31, 2015 Best Adapted Screenplay Paul Thomas Anderson, Thomas Pynchon Nominated [71]

References

  1. ↑ "INHERENT VICE (15)". British Board of Film Classification. December 9, 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  2. ↑ Kohn, Eric (December 8, 2014). "Paul Thomas Anderson on Trying Not to 'F*ck Up' Adapting 'Inherent Vice'". Indiewire. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
  3. 1 2 "Inherent Vice (2014)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved August 29, 2015.
  4. ↑ Zeitchik, Steven (October 5, 2014). "NYFF 2014: 'Inherent Vice' and the contemporary cult hit". LA Times. Retrieved October 7, 2014.
  5. 1 2 2016, 23 August. "The 21st Century's 100 greatest films".
  6. ↑ Brodesser-Akner, Claude (December 2, 2010). "Paul Thomas Anderson Wants to Adapt Thomas Pynchon's Inherent Vice". Vulture. New York Magazine. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Hill, Logan (September 26, 2014). "Pynchon's Cameo, and Other Surrealities". NYTimes.com. The New York Times Company. Retrieved September 27, 2014.
  8. 1 2 Brodesser-Akner, Claude (February 10, 2011). "Paul Thomas Anderson's Scientology Movie and Inherent Vice Adaptation Close to Finding Financing". Vulture. New York Magazine. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  9. ↑ Wiseman, Andreas (September 3, 2012). "Paul Thomas Anderson on making The Master: 'Scientology was the least of our problems'". Screen Daily. Screen International. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  10. 1 2 Plumb, Ali (September 3, 2012). "Paul Thomas Anderson on Inherent Vice It's like a Cheech and Chong movie...". Empire Online. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  11. ↑ Brooks, Brian (August 24, 2014). "New York Film Festival to Debut 30 Features in 2014 Main Slate". Film Society of Lincoln Center. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
  12. 1 2 Lim, Dennis (December 27, 2012). "A Director Continues His Quest". NYTimes.com. The New York Times Company. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Alter, Ethan (October 4, 2014). "NYFF Report: Joaquin Phoenix and Cast Helped Make 'Inherent Vice' a Noir-Nonsense Affair". Yahoo! Movies. Yahoo!. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  14. ↑ Lee, Chris (August 24, 2014). "Inherent Vice Preview". EW.com. Time Inc. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
  15. ↑ Fernandez, Jay A. (February 19, 2011). "Since he dropped out of "Oz, the Great and Powerful," the actor is available to shoot the Thomas Pynchon adaptation in the fall". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  16. ↑ Warner, Kurt (December 8, 2011). "Robert Downey Jr. Says Paul Thomas Anderson Collaboration Is 'Probably True'". MTV. Viacom International. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  17. ↑ Kit, Borys (January 24, 2013). "Joaquin Phoenix in Talks to Reteam With Paul Thomas Anderson for 'Inherent Vice'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  18. ↑ Heath, Chris (April 2013). "RD3". GQ. Condé Nast. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  19. ↑ Sneider, Jeff (May 6, 2013). "Benicio Del Toro in Talks to Join Paul Thomas Anderson's 'Inherent Vice' (Exclusive)". The Wrap. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  20. ↑ Sneider, Jeff (May 9, 2013). "Owen Wilson in Negotiations to Join Paul Thomas Anderson's 'Inherent Vice' (Exclusive)". The Wrap. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  21. ↑ Fleming Jr., Mike (May 15, 2013). "Cannes: Reese Witherspoon Joining Paul Thomas Anderson's 'Inherent Vice'". Deadline.com. Penske Business Media, LLC. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  22. 1 2 Sneider, Jeff (May 15, 2013). "Martin Short and Jena Malone Join Paul Thomas Anderson's 'Inherent Vice' (Exclusive)". The Wrap. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  23. ↑ Fleming Jr., Mike (May 28, 2013). "Josh Brolin Joins P.T. Anderson's 'Inherent Vice'". Deadline.com. Penske Business Media, LLC. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  24. ↑ Fleming Jr., Mike (May 30, 2013). "Katherine Waterston Gets Lead in Paul Thomas Anderson's 'Inherent Vice'". Deadline.com. Penske Business Media, LLC. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  25. ↑ Patten, Dominic (June 28, 2013). "Paul Thomas Anderson's 'Inherent Vice' Gets Its Adrian Prussia". Deadline.com. Penske Business Media, LLC. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  26. ↑ McNary, Dave (June 20, 2013). "'Pretty Little Liars' Actress Sasha Pieterse Boards 'Inherent Vice'". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  27. ↑ "'VEEP's Timothy Simons Joins Paul Thomas Anderson's 'Inherent Vice'". Deadline.com. Penske Business Media, LLC. July 2, 2013. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  28. ↑ Fleming Jr., Mike (October 24, 2013). "'Boardwalk Empire's Michael K. Williams Gets 'Captive'". Deadline.com. Penske Business Media, LLC. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  29. 1 2 McNary, Dave (June 11, 2013). "Joaquin Phoenix's 'Inherent Vice' Starting to Boost L.A. Production". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  30. ↑ Christine (June 14, 2013). "Paul Thomas Anderson's 'Inherent Vice' filming in Pasadena, CA today". onlocationvacations.com. Retrieved June 26, 2013.
  31. 1 2 Lee, Chris (September 3, 2014). "Exclusive: Josh Brolin talks 'Inherent Vice' and its...pancakes?". Filler Magazine. Retrieved October 1, 2014.
  32. ↑ Lee, Chris (March 28, 2014). "Brolin: After all, if you don't try, you won't know.". Irish Independent. Independent News & Media. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
  33. ↑ Lee, Chris (August 16, 2014). "Celebrity News & Interviews – Sasha Pieterse of Pretty Little Liars and Inherent Vice –". Filler Magazine. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
  34. 1 2 "Jonny Greenwood Scoring Paul Thomas Anderson's 'Inherent Vice'". filmmusicreporter.com. February 6, 2014. Retrieved February 7, 2014.
  35. 1 2 Kreps, Daniel (October 4, 2014). "Unreleased Radiohead Song 'Spooks' Appears in 'Inherent Vice'". Rolling Stone. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  36. ↑ "Nonesuch Releases Jonny Greenwood's Soundtrack to Paul Thomas Anderson's Film "Inherent Vice" December 16". Nonesuch Records. Retrieved November 20, 2014.
  37. ↑ Chang, Justin (July 19, 2014). "Paul Thomas Anderson's 'Inherent Vice' to World Premiere at New York Film Festival (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved July 19, 2014.
  38. ↑ Kroll, Justin (February 25, 2014). "Paul Thomas Anderson's 'Inherent Vice' Dated for December". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved February 25, 2014.
  39. ↑ Jagernauth, Kevin (July 18, 2014). "Be Patient, Paul Thomas Anderson's 'Inherent Vice' won't go into wide release until 2015". Indiewire. SnagFilms. Retrieved May 22, 2014.
  40. ↑ "Inherent Vice". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixter. Retrieved May 19, 2015.
  41. ↑ "Inherent Vice". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved February 13, 2015.
  42. ↑ Alter, Ethan (December 4, 2014). "Film Review: Inherent Vice". Film Journal International. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
  43. ↑ Patches, Matt (October 5, 2014). "Inherent Vice Review".
  44. ↑ "Adam's Top 10 Films of 2014: From Selma to Edge of Tomorrow". December 24, 2014.
  45. ↑ "Film Critic Top 10 Lists – Best Movies of 2014". Metacritic. January 26, 2015. Retrieved 2015-05-16.
  46. ↑ Ansen, David. "The 2014 Village Voice Film Critics' Poll". The Village Voice.
  47. ↑ Jagernauth, Kevin (January 15, 2015). "2015 Oscar Nominations Led By 'Birdman' & 'The Grand Budapest Hotel' With 9 Nominations Each". The Playlist. Indiewire. Retrieved January 15, 2015.
  48. ↑ "'American Sniper,' 'Boyhood,' 'Gone Girl' Among ACE Eddie Award Nominees (FULL LIST)". Variety. January 2, 2015. Retrieved January 2, 2015.
  49. ↑ "'Birdman', 'Foxcatcher' Among Art Directors Guild Nominees". Deadline.com. January 5, 2015. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
  50. ↑ "Boston Online Film Critics Names 'Snowpiercer' Best Picture, Gleeson and Cotillard Win". December 6, 2014. Retrieved December 8, 2014.
  51. ↑ "Boston Society of Film Critics Winners – Boyhood Wins Big". December 7, 2014. Retrieved December 8, 2014.
  52. ↑ "'Birdman' strong with Central Ohio film critics nominations". January 5, 2015. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
  53. ↑ "Central Ohio Film Critics Association (COFCA) - Awards".
  54. ↑ "Costume Designers Guild Awards: 'Birdman', 'Boyhood', 'Grand Budapest Hotel' Among Nominees". Deadline.com. January 7, 2015. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  55. ↑ "2015 Critics Choice Awards Nominations". Rotten Tomatoes. December 15, 2014. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
  56. ↑ "Denver critics nominate 'American Sniper,' 'Birdman' and 'Inherent Vice'". Hitfix. January 7, 2015. Retrieved January 9, 2014.
  57. ↑ "Denver critics name Clint Eastwood's 'American Sniper' the year's best film". Hitfix. January 12, 2015. Retrieved January 12, 2015.
  58. ↑ "Film Independent Spirit Award Nominations 2015 – Full List". Deadline.com. November 25, 2014. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
  59. ↑ "'Birdman,' 'Boyhood,' 'Grand Budapest' and 'Selma' lead Georgia critics nominations". Hitfix. January 5, 2015. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
  60. ↑ "Jake Gyllenhaal, Tilda Swinton among Georgia Critics' 2014 winners". Hitfix. January 9, 2015. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
  61. ↑ "2015 Golden Globe Nominations". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  62. ↑ "Houston Film Critics Announce Nominees". AwardsDaily. December 16, 2014. Retrieved December 18, 2014.
  63. ↑ "'Boyhood,' Larry McMurtry and the 'Grand Budapest' poster win Houston critics awards". Hitfix. January 12, 2015. Retrieved January 12, 2015.
  64. ↑ "Composers behind 'Godzilla' and 'Maleficent' lead film music critics nominations". Hitfix. February 5, 2015. Retrieved February 5, 2015.
  65. ↑ "Mr. Turner leads London Critics nominations". December 16, 2014. Retrieved December 16, 2014.
  66. ↑ "Los Angeles Film Critics Association Winners – Boyhood Pulls a Sunday Sweep". December 7, 2014. Retrieved December 8, 2014.
  67. ↑ Cox, Gordon; Setoodeh, Ramin (December 2, 2014). "'A Most Violent Year' Named Best Film by National Board of Review". Variety. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
  68. ↑ "2014 SAN FRANCISCO FILM CRITICS AWARDS:Full List of Nominees". San Francisco Film Critics Circle. 2014. Retrieved December 14, 2014.
  69. ↑ "S.F. Critics Name 'Boyhood' Best Film of 2014". Variety. December 14, 2014. Retrieved December 14, 2014.
  70. ↑ "The International Press Academy Announces Nominations for the 19th Annual Satellite™ Awards". PR Newswire. December 1, 2014. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
  71. ↑ "USC Scripter Award Nominations Unveiled". Deadline.com. January 8, 2015. Retrieved January 8, 2015.

External links

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 11/30/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.