Jim Webb

For other people named James Webb, see James Webb (disambiguation).
Jim Webb
United States Senator
from Virginia
In office
January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2013
Preceded by George Allen
Succeeded by Tim Kaine
United States Secretary of the Navy
In office
May 1, 1987 – February 23, 1988
President Ronald Reagan
Preceded by John Lehman
Succeeded by William Ball
Assistant Secretary of Defense for Reserve Affairs
In office
May 3, 1984 – April 10, 1987
President Ronald Reagan
Preceded by Position established
Succeeded by Stephen Duncan
Personal details
Born James Henry Webb, Jr.
(1946-02-09) February 9, 1946
St. Joseph, Missouri, U.S.
Political party Republican (Before 2006)
Democratic (2006–present)
Spouse(s) Barbara Samorajczyk (1968–1979)
Jo Ann Krukar (1981–2004)
Hong Le Webb (2005–present)
Children 5
1 stepchild
Education University of Southern California
United States Naval Academy (BS)
Georgetown University (JD)
Signature
Website Official website]
Military service
Allegiance  United States
Service/branch  United States Marine Corps
Years of service 1968–1972
Rank Captain
Unit Delta Company
1st Battalion 5th Marines
Battles/wars Vietnam War
Awards Navy Cross
Silver Star
Bronze Star (2)
Purple Heart (2)

James Henry "Jim" Webb, Jr. (born February 9, 1946) is an American politician and author. He has served as a United States Senator from Virginia, Secretary of the Navy, Assistant Secretary of Defense for Reserve Affairs, Counsel for the United States House Committee on Veterans' Affairs[1] and Marine Corps officer.

In the private sector he has been an Emmy Award winning journalist, a filmmaker, and the author of ten books. In addition, he taught literature at the United States Naval Academy and was a Fellow at the Harvard Institute of Politics. As a member of the Democratic Party, Webb announced on November 19, 2014, that he was forming an exploratory committee to evaluate a run for President of the United States in 2016. On July 2, 2015, he announced that he would be joining the race for the Democratic nomination for President, but stepped down from running in the primaries on October 20, 2015, stating that he was "not comfortable" and "unhappy" with many of the party's political positions.

Early life

Webb was born in Saint Joseph, Missouri, to James Henry Webb, Sr., and his wife, Vera Lorraine (Hodges).[2] As the second of four children and the older son, he grew up in a military family, moving frequently as his father's career in the United States Air Force required. The family crisscrossed the country, living in Missouri, Illinois, Texas, Alabama, Nebraska, California, and Virginia, as well as in England, where his father was an exchange officer with the Royal Air Force.[3] His father flew B-17s and B-29s during World War II, and flew cargo in the 1948-49 Berlin airlift. After developing an inner ear disorder, Meniere's Disease, he became a pioneer in the Air Force missile program, later serving as the Commanding Officer of the 1001st Missile Squadron at Vandenberg Air Force Base. Webb's parents are buried at the Arlington National Cemetery.

Webb is descended from Scots-Irish immigrants from Ulster who emigrated in the mid-18th century to the British North American colonies. Webb's 2004 book Born Fighting: How the Scots-Irish Shaped America details his family history, noting that his ancestors fought in every major American war. A 2014 TV documentary on the Smithsonian Channel, also entitled Born Fighting, was adapted from Webb's book and is narrated by him.[4]

Education

Webb attended more than a dozen schools across the U.S. and in England. After graduating from high school in Bellevue, Nebraska, he attended the University of Southern California on a Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps scholarship from 1963 to 1964[5] (and is a member of Delta Chi).[6] In 1964, Webb earned appointment to the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland. At Annapolis, Webb was a member of the Brigade Honor Committee and the Brigade Staff. When he graduated in 1968,[7] he received the Superintendent’s Letter for Outstanding Leadership.[8] After his medical retirement from the Marine Corps due to injuries received in Vietnam, Webb enrolled in law school at Georgetown University where he earned a Juris Doctor and received the Horan Award for excellence in legal writing.[7]

Personal life

Webb is married to Hong Le Webb, a Vietnamese-American securities and corporate lawyer. Hong Le was born in South Vietnam and came to the United States when she was seven, after the fall of Saigon. She grew up in New Orleans, Louisiana. They married in October 2005.[9] Webb was married twice previously, and has four grown children. Hong Le and Jim Webb have one child together, Georgia LeAnh, born December 2006. Webb is also a stepfather to Hong Le's daughter from a previous marriage.[10] Jim Webb speaks Vietnamese.[11]

His first marriage was to Barbara Samorajczyk, a lawyer who has worked for various real estate and development companies in Washington, D.C. and Northern Virginia. She is a member of the Anne Arundel County, Maryland, Council. They have one daughter, Amy, who was eight when they divorced in 1979. Webb and Samorajczyk have three grandchildren.[12]

His second marriage was to health-care lobbyist Jo Ann Krukar in 1981[12] who also assisted in his 2006 Senate campaign. They have three children: Sarah, Jimmy, and Julia. Jimmy Webb was a rifleman and Sergeant in the United States Marine Corps, and served a tour in Iraq with Weapons Company, 1st Battalion 6th Marines.[13][14] In tribute to his son, Jimmy, and to "all the people sent into harm's way", Jim Webb wore his son's old combat boots every day during his 2006 Senate campaign.[15]

Military service

After graduating from the Naval Academy, Webb was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the U.S. Marine Corps. Attending the Marine Corps Officer Basic School shortly after leaving Annapolis, he graduated first in his class. He was promoted to first lieutenant in the second half of his tour in Vietnam. He served as a platoon commander with Delta Company, 1st Battalion 5th Marines. He was awarded the Navy Cross for heroism in Vietnam, the second highest decoration in the Navy and Marine Corps. Webb also was awarded the Silver Star, two Bronze Stars, and two Purple Hearts.[16] After returning from Vietnam, he was assigned to Marine Corps Base Quantico, Virginia, as an instructor for Officer Candidates School (OCS). Deep selected for Captain, he was then assigned to the Secretary of the Navy's office for the remainder of his active duty. His war wounds left him with shrapnel in his knee, kidney, and head. The injury to his knee led to a medical board that decided on medical retirement.

Awards and decorations

Known decorations and medals include:

Gold star
Gold star
Navy Cross Silver Star Bronze Star Purple Heart

Webb received the Navy Cross for actions on July 10, 1969. The citation read:

“ The Navy Cross is presented to James H. Webb, Jr., First Lieutenant, U.S. Marine Corps, for extraordinary heroism while serving as a Platoon Commander with Company D, First Battalion, Fifth Marines, First Marine Division (Reinforced), Fleet Marine Force, in connection with combat operations against the enemy in the Republic of Vietnam. On July 10, 1969, while participating in a company-sized search and destroy operation deep in hostile territory, First Lieutenant Webb's platoon discovered a well-camouflaged bunker complex that appeared to be unoccupied. Deploying his men into defensive positions, First Lieutenant Webb was advancing to the first bunker when three enemy soldiers armed with hand grenades jumped out. Reacting instantly, he grabbed the closest man and, brandishing his .45 caliber pistol at the others, apprehended all three of the soldiers. Accompanied by one of his men, he then approached the second bunker and called for the enemy to surrender. When the hostile soldiers failed to answer him and threw a grenade that detonated dangerously close to him, First Lieutenant Webb detonated a claymore mine in the bunker aperture, accounting for two enemy casualties and disclosing the entrance to a tunnel. Despite the smoke and debris from the explosion and the possibility of enemy soldiers hiding in the tunnel, he then conducted a thorough search that yielded several items of equipment and numerous documents containing valuable intelligence data. Continuing the assault, he approached a third bunker and was preparing to fire into it when the enemy threw another grenade. Observing the grenade land dangerously close to his companion, First Lieutenant Webb simultaneously fired his weapon at the enemy, pushed the Marine away from the grenade, and shielded him from the explosion with his own body. Although sustaining painful fragmentation wounds from the explosion, he managed to throw a grenade into the aperture and completely destroy the remaining bunker. By his courage, aggressive leadership, and selfless devotion to duty, First Lieutenant Webb upheld the highest traditions of the Marine Corps and of the United States Naval Service.[17] ”

In the October 13, 2015 CNN Democratic Debate, when asked, "Which enemy are you most proud of?", Webb stated, "I'd have to say, the enemy soldier that threw the grenade that wounded me, but he’s not around right now to talk to.”[18]

In a November 19, 2006 appearance on Meet the Press, Webb told host Tim Russert, "I’m one of these people who – there aren't many of us – who can still justify for you the reasons that we went into Vietnam, however screwed up the strategy got."[19]

Post-military career

James Webb as Assistant Secretary of Defense, 1984.

Webb attended Georgetown Law Center from 1972 to 1975, graduating with a Juris Doctor degree. While at Georgetown, he wrote his first book, Micronesia and U.S. Pacific Strategy.[20]

From 1977 to 1981, Webb worked on the staff of the House Committee on Veterans Affairs. During this time, he also represented veterans pro-bono. Webb taught at the Naval Academy and was criticized for a 1979 article published in Washingtonian magazine, titled "Women Can't Fight"[21] (see "Senate Election" below).

During the Reagan Administration, Webb served as the nation's first Assistant Secretary of Defense for Reserve Affairs from 1984-87. In 1987, he served as Secretary of the Navy, becoming the first Naval Academy graduate to serve as the civilian head of the Navy. As Navy Secretary, Webb pushed the appointment of Alfred M. Gray, Jr. as Commandant of the Marine Corps, hoping that Gray could reshape the Corps into the elite unit it once was.[22] Webb resigned in 1988 after refusing to agree to reduce the size of the Navy. Webb had wished to increase the Navy to 600 ships. As revealed in The Reagan Diaries, President Ronald Reagan wrote on February 22, 1988: "I don't think Navy was sorry to see him go."[23]

In a 1990 New York Times opinion piece, Webb opposed further U.S. military escalation in Saudi Arabia during Operation Desert Shield citing lack of a coherent strategy and consent from the United States Congress. He also warned against a permanent military presence in the Middle East.[24] Seven months before the beginning of the 2003 Iraq War, Webb wrote an essay for The Washington Post in which he

“ questioned whether an overthrow of Saddam would "actually increase our ability to win the war against international terrorism" and pointed out that the measure of military success can be preventing wars as well as fighting them. He charged, "those who are pushing for a unilateral war in Iraq know full well that there is no exit strategy if we invade." He concluded, "the Iraqis are a multiethnic people filled with competing factions who in many cases would view a U.S. occupation as infidels invading the cradle of Islam. … In Japan, American occupation forces quickly became 50,000 friends. In Iraq, they would quickly become 50,000 terrorist targets."[25] ”
Painting of Webb

During the 2004 presidential campaign, Webb wrote an op-ed piece for USA Today in which he, as a military veteran, evaluated the candidacies of John Kerry and George W. Bush. He criticized Kerry for the nature of his opposition to the Vietnam War in the 1970s while affiliated with the Vietnam Veterans Against the War, and accused Bush of using his father's connections to avoid service in Vietnam. Webb wrote that Bush had "committed the greatest strategic blunder in modern memory" with the 2003 invasion of Iraq.[26]

Webb supported Nebraska Senator Bob Kerrey's campaign for the 1992 Democratic presidential nomination.[16] In 1994 he endorsed incumbent Democrat Charles Robb for reelection to his Senate seat, over Webb's former Naval Academy classmate Oliver North; like Webb, both Robb and North were decorated Marine veterans of the Vietnam war.[27] Webb subsequently endorsed Republican George Allen over Robb in 2000,[28] and then ran against Allen himself in 2006.

United States Senate

2006 Senate campaign

Former President Bill Clinton, Senate Minority Leader Harry Reid, Senator Chuck Schumer, and former Senator Bob Kerrey campaign for Jim Webb's bid for U.S. Senate
Then Senator Barack Obama, former Governors Doug Wilder, Mark Warner, and Governor Tim Kaine campaign for Jim Webb

In late 2005, a campaign to draft Webb to run for the Senate in 2006 began on the internet, promoted by netroots activists such as those at the blog Raising Kaine. On February 7, 2006, he announced that he would seek the Democratic nomination for the 2006 Senate race against incumbent Virginia Senator George Allen.[29]

In the Democratic primary on June 13, 2006, Webb faced longtime businessman and lobbyist Harris Miller. Webb won with 53.5% of the vote, in a race with low turnout.[30]

On August 11, 2006, an incident occurred in which Allen used the word macaca to refer to S.R. Sidarth, who was filming an event as a "tracker" for the Webb campaign. A poll the following week showed Webb gaining 10 percentage points. The race, which at one point looked like a sure win for Allen, became one of the most watched and closest races of the 2006 elections. Webb's entry into the race and primary victory changed the political landscape. Political analyst Larry Sabato said in May that "Jim Webb is George Allen's worst nightmare: a war hero and a Reagan appointee who holds moderate positions… Allen tries to project a Reagan aura, but Webb already has it."[31]

On September 7, 2006, Webb released his first television advertisement, which included footage of a 1985 speech by Ronald Reagan that praised Webb's service as a Marine.[32] The next day, the Chief of Staff for the Reagan Library wrote Webb's campaign on behalf of former first lady Nancy Reagan, urging them not to air the advertisement saying it was neither fair nor respectful because it gave the impression of an endorsement.[33][34] The Webb campaign disagreed, saying, "What Reagan said about Jim Webb, that belongs to Jim Webb, frankly."[33] The library said they ask all candidates to refrain from using the former president's image but declined to say if they would request the Allen campaign to remove the image of Reagan used on his campaign website.[33]

Five female graduates of the United States Naval Academy held a press conference, decrying Webb's 1979 article, "Women Can't Fight." The women said Webb's article contributed to an atmosphere of hostility and harassment towards women at the academy. Webb was later endorsed by nine military women who stated that Webb is a "man of integrity" who "recognizes the crucial role that women have in the military today."[35]

In October 2006, the Allen campaign issued a press release quoting several passages from Webb's novels with sexual content, including graphic references to female anatomy and purported pedophilia, homosexuality and incest, citing a passage in which a Southeast Asian father ritually places the penis of his young son in his mouth. The press release said that the passages showed a "continued pattern of demeaning women".[36] Allen's campaign refused to tell a local radio news station, WTOP-FM, whether it in fact had issued a news release on the matter.

In response, Jim Webb explained to The Washington Post, "I actually saw this happen in a slum in Bangkok when I was there as a journalist."[37] According to an article on Raw Story, the conservative website CNS News cited a case in Nevada in which a Cambodian mother was arrested for a similar act. According to the CNS article, an office manager for the Cambodian Association of America confirmed it is a cultural norm in Thailand and Cambodia.[38]

On November 9, 2006, after AP and Reuters projected that Webb had won the seat, Allen conceded the election. Although the margin was narrow – less than half of 1% of the total vote and therefore small enough under Virginia law to allow demanding a recount – Allen stated that he would not challenge the result.

Senator-elect

On November 15, 2006, Senate majority-leader-in-waiting Harry Reid assigned Webb to three committees: the committees on Foreign Relations, Veterans' Affairs, and Armed Services.[39]

“That same day, an op-ed authored by Webb appeared in the pages of The Wall Street Journal. Titled "Class Struggle: American workers have a chance to be heard." The piece addressed the harmful economic inequality in the U.S., with the elites on one side and American workers on the other side. The article cites the “age of globalization and outsourcing, and with a vast underground labor pool from illegal immigration,” as well as extravagant executive compensation, the detrimental effects of free trade and globalization, iniquitous tax cuts, speedily rising health care costs, and stagnation in income as the reasons for the increasing disparity between the elites and American workers.[40]

Exchange with President Bush

On November 28, 2006, at a White House reception for those newly elected to Congress, Webb did not choose to wait in the line to have his picture taken with the president,[41] whom Webb often criticized during the campaign. The president approached Webb later and asked him, "How's your boy?", referring to Webb's son, a Marine serving in Iraq. Webb replied "I'd like to get them out of Iraq, Mr. President." Bush responded, "That's not what I asked you. How's your boy?", Webb responded, "That's between me and my boy, Mr. President." The Hill cited an anonymous source who claimed that Webb was so angered by the exchange that he confessed he was tempted to "slug" the president.[42] Webb later remarked in an interview, "I'm not particularly interested in having a picture of me and George W. Bush on my wall."[43]

In response to the incident, some conservatives criticized Webb, including George Will, who called Webb a "boor" and wrote, "[Webb] already has become what Washington did not need another of, a subtraction from the city's civility and clear speaking."[44][45] Others, such as conservative columnist and former Reagan speechwriter Peggy Noonan, reserved their criticism for Bush, writing: "I thought it had the sound of the rattling little aggressions of our day, but not on Mr. Webb's side."[46]

Jim Webb with son Jimmy and George W. Bush in March, 2008

Webb was asked about the exchange in a January 4, 2007 appearance on Hardball with Chris Matthews. He told Matthews:

My feeling about that – first of all, it's been kind of a bit overblown. But I think when people are now seeing how John McCain is handling the situation with his son being in the Marine Corps, perhaps they can understand a little bit more what I was having to go through during the entire campaign. I greatly respect my son's service and all of the people who are serving. At the same time, I have not commented, even to many of my friends, about the operational side. That's personal to me in terms of my feelings about it. And it was not a casual comment. As I said in the piece that you just ran, I think the best article that was written on that was by Peggy Noonan in the Wall Street Journal when she basically said that the lack of civility was not mine and I feel that way.[47]

After his son returned from Iraq, Webb "buried the hatchet" with the president by setting up a private chat with his son, the president, and himself in the Oval Office.[48]

Tenure as Senator

Jim Webb in 2007
Senator and former Secretary of the Navy Jim Webb delivers remarks during the Navy Day celebration held at the U.S. Navy Memorial

On January 4, 2007, Webb was sworn into the 110th U.S. Senate, accompanied by Sen. John Warner, R-Va., a fellow former Secretary of the Navy; and former Virginia Democratic Sen. Chuck Robb, who held the same seat before losing to Allen. On his first day in the Senate, Webb introduced the Post-9/11 Veterans Educational Assistance Act, to expand benefits for military families, which he had written. The act replaces key provisions of the Montgomery G.I. Bill for recent veterans and "makes veterans benefits identical to those soldiers received following World War II." "With many of our military members serving two or three tours of duty in Iraq and Afghanistan, it is past time to enact a new veterans’ education program modeled on the World War II era G.I. bill. This is exactly what our legislation does", Webb said. It became law on June 30, 2008, as part of the Supplemental Appropriations Act of 2008.[49]

In a January 4, 2007, appearance on The Situation Room, Webb articulated his position on the Iraq War: "What we really need to do is to get into the arena where we can talk about a strategy, talk about the pluses and the minuses of the Baker-Hamilton Commission and work toward a solution that, on the one hand, will allow us to remove our combat troops, but on the other, will increase the stability of the region, allow us to continue to fight against international terrorism and allow us, as a nation, to address our strategic interests around the world. And this is – this is one of the drawbacks that we've had with so many troops having been put into this constant rotational basis inside one country when we have a war against international terrorism that's global."

Asked by Wolf Blitzer if he would ever support the efforts of Dennis Kucinich to cut funding for the war, Webb said, "I – you know, I lived through Vietnam. I lived through it as a Marine and I know that those sorts of approaches, while they seem attractive on one level are really not that realistic. What we want to do – and I was talking with a number of senators today – is to try to get some of these so-called emergency legislation packages back into the committee process so that the committees can actually play."[50]

On January 23, 2007, Webb delivered the Democratic response to the President's State of the Union address, focusing on the economy and Iraq.[51] Webb's speech drew positive reviews, and was regarded as one of the stronger State of the Union responses in recent memory.[52]

On March 5, 2007, Webb introduced his second piece of legislation, S. 759, intended to prohibit the use of funds for military operations in Iran without the prior approval of Congress. In a statement on the floor of the Senate, Webb said, "The major function of this legislation is to prevent this Administration from commencing unprovoked military activities against Iran without the approval of the Congress. The legislation accomplishes this goal through the proper constitutional process of prohibiting all funding for such an endeavor."[53]

On March 26, 2007, a senatorial aide of Webb, Phillip Thompson, was arrested for carrying Webb's loaded pistol as he entered the Russell Senate Office Building and for carrying unregistered ammunition. The weapon was discovered when Thompson went through an X-ray machine with a briefcase that contained a loaded pistol and two additional loaded magazines.[54] Charges against the aide were dismissed after prosecutors concluded it could not be proved beyond a reasonable doubt that Thompson was aware that the gun and ammunition were in the briefcase.[55] Webb responded to his aide's arrest by reiterating his support for gun-owners' rights:

"I'm a strong supporter of the Second Amendment; I have had a permit to carry a weapon in Virginia for a long time; I believe that it's important; it's important to me personally and to a lot of people in the situation that I'm in to be able to defend myself and my family."[56]

2009 visit to Southeast Asia

Jim Webb with Aung San Suu Kyi

On August 14, 2009, Webb visited Myanmar (Burma), seeing its junta's leader, Gen. Than Shwe, and also the pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi, who was under house arrest. During Webb's visit with Than Shwe, Webb negotiated the release and deportation of an imprisoned American, John Yettaw.[57][58]“Upon his return to the U.S., Webb wrote an editorial titled “We Can’t Afford to Ignore Myanmar” for The New York Times, arguing for the easing of sanctions on the country. Webb stated that sanctions have isolated the country, thereby encouraging the ruling regime to turn to China and allowing “China to dramatically increase its economic and political influence in Myanmar, furthering a dangerous strategic imbalance in the region.” Webb also noted that, unlike Myanmar, China does not allow opposition parties.[59] Webb has stated that he started the pivot to Asia during the Bush Administration.[60]

Webb visited Vietnam as part of a two-week trip to five Southeast Asian countries. Webb, who can speak Vietnamese, has had a continuous involvement in Asian and Pacific affairs that long predates his time in the Senate. In addition to his more recent visits as a member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Webb has worked and traveled throughout this vast region, from Micronesia to Burma, for nearly four decades, as a Marine Corps officer, a defense planner, a journalist, a novelist, a Department of Defense executive, and as a business consultant. He worked in the 1990s as a consultant for companies attempting to do business in Vietnam.[61]

Criminal Justice Commission Act of 2009

On March 26, 2009, Webb filed the Criminal Justice Commission Act of 2009 (SB 714), which would create a blue ribbon commission to reevaluate the criminal justice system and drug policy and make recommendations for reform.[62] Noting that the United States houses 25% of the world's inmates despite having only 5% of the world's population, Webb proposed a comparison between U.S. incarceration policies and those of other developed nations.[63] At a United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime and Drugs hearing, Webb described the criminal justice system as being in "...a profound, deeply corrosive crisis that we have largely been ignoring at our peril." He also criticized the lack of standards in prison administration and highlighted the justice system's negative impact on communities. The subcommittee chairman, Sen. Arlen Specter (D-PA), expressed support for the bill at the hearing and indicated his intent to move the bill to the full United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary.[64] By the end of June 2010, the bill had 39 cosponsors.[65]

In the fall of 2009, an amendment to SB 714 was proposed by Sen. Charles Grassley (R-IA) that would have prohibited the commission created by the bill from discussing or recommending the decriminalization or legalization of any substance prohibited under the Controlled Substances Act.[66] The proposed amendment drew criticism from some in the online community. Grassley later rescinded the amendment and claimed in a Des Moines Register op-ed that he had proposed it to "start a debate on this important issue".[67] SB 714 passed the Senate Judiciary Committee by a voice vote on January 21, 2010.

Retirement from the U.S. Senate

On February 9, 2011, Webb announced that he would not run for re-election for his Senate seat in 2012.[68][69]

Committee assignments

Senator Webb questions in the Committee on Armed Services
Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates and Senators Ben Nelson and Jim Webb prior to a hearing

2008 vice presidential speculation

Webb was frequently mentioned as a possible vice presidential Democratic nominee for Barack Obama in 2008 due to his military experience and moderate policy positions.[70][71][72][73][74] Although he said he was not interested in the vice presidency,[75] speculations about his being picked by Obama, the presumptive Democratic nominee at the time, were still heard.[72]

On July 7, Webb effectively removed himself as a possible candidate for Vice President in a statement made to Time, stating that he intended to serve his term in the Senate and that "under no circumstances will I be a candidate for Vice President."[76] Obama went on to choose fellow senator Joe Biden as his running mate.

2016 presidential campaign

On November 19, 2014, Webb announced the formation of an exploratory committee in preparation for a possible bid for the Democratic Party's nomination for President of the United States in 2016.[77][78] He made the announcement via a video posted on his website, as well as on YouTube.[79]

On June 15, 2015, Webb announced he would make a decision regarding a presidential bid by the end of the month.[80] Webb made a formal announcement on July 2, 2015, through an open letter on his webb2016 website, that he would seek the Democratic Party's nomination for the presidency.[81]

On October 20, 2015, after failing to gain substantial support for his campaign ahead of the primaries, Webb announced that he would be dropping out of the Democratic presidential race in favor of a possible independent presidential run.[82] On February 11, 2016, he ruled out making an independent presidential bid.[83]

On March 4, Webb stated that he would not vote for Hillary Clinton in the 2016 presidential election, but he declined to rule out voting for Donald Trump.[84]

As an author

Senator Jim Webb, Council on Foreign Relations President Richard N. Haass, former Deputy Secretary of State John Negroponte, former Senator John Warner, and journalist Andrea Mitchell at Ronald Reagan Centennial Roundtable in 2011

Books

Webb's successful first novel, Fields of Fire (1978), drawn from personal experience, tells the story of a platoon of United States Marines in late 1960s Vietnam. Reviewers hailed its descriptions of infantry life and combat.[85][86][87]

After five more novels, he wrote a work of nonfiction, Born Fighting: How the Scots-Irish Shaped America (2004), tracing the role people of Scots-Irish ancestry have played in American history and culture. Webb argues that, contrary to the "cracker" and "redneck" stereotypes often applied to the Scots-Irish, many of whom settled in Appalachia, the American Midwest and the American South, the Scots-Irish were central to defining American working class values and culture. He lauds the fiercely independent streak and individualism of the Scots-Irish, and explains how their political pragmatism has often led them to play the role of swing voters in elections, for example as Reagan Democrats, and as voters for Ross Perot and the Reform Party.

Works

Senator Jim Webb and Lynda Bird Johnson Robb, daughter of former U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson and also former First Lady of Virginia, wife of Chuck Robb

Movies

Webb wrote the story and was the executive producer for the 2000 movie Rules of Engagement, which starred Tommy Lee Jones and Samuel L. Jackson.

Warner Brothers acquired Webb's script for Whiskey River.[89] The script concerns an American soldier who is injured in Iraq and returns to the United States. Before completing rehabilitation, he is called back to active duty. His father, in an attempt to save his son's life, kidnaps him.[89]

In October 2006, while commenting on the need to break away from stereotypical movie villains, Webb stated, "[e]very movie needs a villain. Towel-heads and rednecks—of which I am one... became the easy villains in so many movies out there."[90]

Articles

Webb is a prolific writer and has written for many national journals including the Marine Corps Gazette, Proceedings of the United States Naval Institute, USA Today, The New York Times, The Washington Post, and the Wall Street Journal.[91]

Election history

Virginia U.S. Senate Election 2006
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Democratic Jim Webb 1,175,606 49.6 +1.91%
Republican George Allen 1,166,277 49.2 -3.05%
Independent Greens Gail Parker 26,102 1.1
Write-ins 2,460 0.1
Majority 9,329 0.39% -4.18%
Turnout 2,370,445
Democratic gain from Republican Swing

Webb won election to the senate in 2006, defeating incumbent George Allen.[92]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Nomination of James H. Webb, Jr., To Be Secretary of the Navy, February 18, 1987
  2. ↑ Reitwiesner, William Addams. "The Ancestors of James Webb". WARGS.
  3. ↑ Webb, James (2014). I Heard My Country Calling: A Memoir (Hardcover). Simon & Schuster. p. 59. ISBN 978-1476741123.
  4. ↑ "Born Fighting". Smithsonian Channel. Smithsonian Institution.
  5. ↑ "WEBB, James H. (Jim), (1946 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. bioguide.congress.gov. Retrieved September 15, 2015.
  6. ↑ Heller, Chris. "Greek Life: Which Lawmakers Pledged Fraternities?". Nationaljournal.com. National Journal Group Inc. Retrieved May 3, 2015.
  7. 1 2 "EPS Bernard L. Schwartz Syposium:The Economic and Security Future". Economists for Peace and Security. 17 November 2014. Retrieved 3 May 2015.
  8. ↑ "Senator Webb accepting U.S. service academy applications". The Progress-Index. Gatehouse Media, Inc. Retrieved 3 May 2015.
  9. ↑ Gowen, Annie (November 3, 2006). "Webb's Wife Steps Into Onstage Role, Denouncing Criticism of Va. Candidate". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 6, 2010.
  10. ↑ Argetsinger, Amy; Roberts, Roxanne (December 12, 2006). "The Reliable Source – For Webb, Good Things Come in Threes: A New Job, Baby and House". Washington Post. p. C03.
  11. ↑ "About Jim". Born Fighting, Political Action Committee: Senator Jim Webb, Chair. Born Fighting PAC. Archived from the original on January 31, 2009. Retrieved 2009-07-22.
  12. 1 2 Timburg, Robert (1995). The Nightingale's Song (Paperback). New York, New York: Touchstone. p. 306. ISBN 978-0-684-82673-8. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
  13. ↑ Barnes, Robert (June 8, 2006). "For Webb, Fighter is a Label that Sticks". Washington Post. p. Metro B01.
  14. ↑ Shear, Michael D. (September 1, 2006). "VIRGINIA BRIEFING: Webb Puts Family Before Parade". Washington Post. p. B05. Retrieved 2006-09-02.
  15. ↑ Toner, Robin (September 18, 2006). "As Senator Falters, a Democrat Rises in Virginia". The New York Times. Retrieved 2006-10-28.
  16. 1 2 Antle, W. James III (June 19, 2006). "A New Democrat: Jim Webb's populist Senate campaign shakes up Virginia's political establishment". The American Conservative.
  17. ↑ "S–Z". Full Text Citations For Award of The Navy Cross: US Marine Corps Awards - Vietnam. HomeofHeroes.com. Archived from the original on 2006-08-29. Retrieved 2006-03-25.
  18. ↑ https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=5IlFlVhBFL8
  19. ↑ "MTP Transcript for November 19: Jim Webb, Jon Tester, Ted Koppel, Robin Wright". Meet the Press. MSNBC. November 19, 2006. Retrieved 2007-01-04.
  20. ↑ Webb, James H. (1974). Micronesia and U.S. Pacific Strategy: A Blueprint for the 1980s. New York: Praeger Publishers Inc. ISBN 0-275-08940-1.
  21. ↑ Webb, James (November 1979). "Women Can't Fight". Washingtonian. Washingtonian Magazine, Inc. Retrieved 2008-03-04.
  22. ↑ Ricks, Thomas E. (1997). Making the Corps. New York: Scribner. ISBN 0-684-83109-0.
  23. ↑ Reagan, Ronald (2007). The Reagan Diaries. HarperCollins. p. 580. ISBN 978-0-06-087600-5.
  24. ↑ Webb, James (September 23, 1990). "In the Gulf, the Danger of a Diplomatic Solution ... And the Horrors of a Desert War". The New York Times. Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved January 29, 2010.
  25. ↑ McConnell, Scott (December 4, 2006). "Go Webb Go". The American Conservative.
  26. ↑ Webb, James (2004-02-18). "Veterans face conundrum: Kerry or Bush?". USA Today. Retrieved 2006-10-29.
  27. ↑ Jenkins, Kent Jr. (October 8, 1994). "Six Veterans Bash North, Push Robb for Senate". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. p. B.01.
  28. ↑ Klein, Joe (June 12, 2006). "Can the Democrats Handle a Heretic?". Time. 167 (24). New York. p. 25.
  29. ↑ Shear, Michael D. (2006-02-08). "Reagan Navy Secretary Will Run for U.S. Senate". Washington Post. p. B05. Retrieved 2006-10-29.
  30. ↑ "Official Results: Primary Election, June 13, 2006". Commonwealth of Virginia. Retrieved 2006-06-19.
  31. ↑ Donnelly, Sally B. (May 15, 2006). "Betting on a Novice in Virginia". Time.
  32. ↑ Shear, Michael D. (September 8, 2006). "Television Ad Shows Reagan Praising Webb In 1985 Speech". The Washington Post. p. B8.
  33. 1 2 3 Shear, Michael D.; Craig, Tim (September 9, 2006). "Nancy Reagan Asks Webb to Pull Ad With Her Husband". The Washington Post. p. B01. Retrieved 2008-05-22.
  34. ↑ "Editorial: Let Reagan Be Reagan". Washington Post. September 15, 2006. p. A18.
  35. ↑ McLaughlin, Seth (October 18, 2006). "Military women support Webb as 'man of integrity'". The Washington Times. Archived from the original on November 2, 2006.
  36. ↑ "Allen's revenge: Exposes Underage Sex Scenes in Opponent's Novels". Drudge Report. Archived from the original on 2007-12-08. Retrieved 2006-10-27.
  37. ↑ "Jim Webb Defends Content of His Novels". WTOP-FM. October 27, 2006. Retrieved 2006-10-29.
  38. ↑ "Senator Allen releases graphic excerpts from Dem challenger's novel". Raw Story. October 27, 2006. Retrieved 2016-01-01.
  39. ↑ Maze, Rick (November 15, 2006). "Webb to serve on key Iraq-related Senate panels". Air Force Times.
  40. ↑ Webb, Jim (November 15, 2006). "Class Struggle: American workers have a chance to be heard". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on January 6, 2010.
  41. ↑ Webb, in an interview on The Brian Lehrer Show, WNYC, May 21, 2014
  42. ↑ Heil, Emily (November 29, 2006). "Son also rises in testy Webb-Bush exchange". The Hill. Retrieved 2006-12-02.
  43. ↑ Shear, Michael D. (November 29, 2006). "In Following His Own Script, Webb May Test Senate's Limits". Washington Post. Retrieved 2006-12-02.
  44. ↑ Will, George F. (November 30, 2006). "Already Too Busy for Civility". Washington Post. Retrieved 2006-12-06.
  45. ↑ Shear, Michael D. (December 2, 2006). "Remark By Webb Arouses Passions". Washington Post. Retrieved 2006-12-05.
  46. ↑ Noonan, Peggy (December 2, 2006). "Grace Under Pressure". The Wall Street Journal. (subscription required)
  47. ↑ "'Hardball with Chris Matthews' for January 4 – Guests: Jim Webb, Hilary Rosen, Susan Molinari, Trent Lott, Chaka Fattah, A.B. Stoddard, Chris Cillizza". Hardball with Chris Matthews. MSNBC. Retrieved 2007-01-05.
  48. ↑ Kumar, Anita (March 21, 2008). "'Born Fighter' Settles Down To Collegial First Term – Sen. Webb Is a Surprise". Washington Post. p. A01. Retrieved 2008-05-11.
  49. ↑ "H.R.2642 - Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2008". Congress.gov. Retrieved 10 September 2016.
  50. ↑ "Momentous day On Capitol Hill; Some Things May Get Lost In Shuffle Next Week On Capitol Hill; Jim Webb Interview; House Administration Committee Investigating Contested Florida House Race". THE SITUATION ROOM. CNN. January 4, 2007.
  51. ↑ "Webb's 'aggressive' Democratic response to Bush 'State of Union' speech [includes transcript of Webb's response]". The Raw Story. January 23, 2007.
  52. ↑ Kurtz, Howard (January 25, 2005). "The Long Goodbye". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2007-05-03.
  53. ↑ "Senator Jim Webb Introduces Bill Prohibiting Use of Funds for Military Operations in Iran" (Press release). Senator Jim Webb. 2007-03-05. Retrieved 2007-05-03.
  54. ↑ "Webb aide arrested for gun possession". Associated Press. March 26, 2007.
  55. ↑ Cauvin, Henri E. (April 28, 2007). "Prosecutors Drop Gun Case Against Webb Aide". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2007-05-14.
  56. ↑ Curry, Tom. "Gun arrest gives Webb political opening: Virginia Democrat uses incident with aide to proclaim right to self-defense". MSNBC.
  57. ↑ "Senator wins release of US prisoner in Myanmar". Associated Press. August 15, 2009.
  58. ↑ "American Held in Myanmar Is Released", nytimes.com, August 16, 2009.
  59. ↑ Webb, Jim (August 25, 2009). "We Can't Afford to Ignore Myanmar". The New York Times.
  60. ↑ Schreckinger, Ben (April 8, 2015). "Jim Webb critiques Clinton-era foreign policy". Politico.
  61. ↑ "TNS Jim Webb thăm Việt Nam" (in Vietnamese). BBC News. 2009.
  62. ↑ Smith, Jordan (March 27, 2009). "Time to Fix Criminal Justice System: Sen. Jim Webb says broken system must be fixed". The Austin Chronicle. Retrieved December 5, 2009.
  63. ↑ Webb, Jim (March 29, 2009). "Why We Must Fix Our Prisons". Parade. Retrieved December 5, 2009.
  64. ↑ Highlights of Judiciary Subcommittee Hearing on Sen. Webbs Criminal Justice Bill on YouTube.
  65. ↑ "S.714: National Criminal Justice Commission Act of 2010". Bill Summary & Status, 111th Congress (2009 - 2010). Retrieved February 27, 2015.
  66. ↑ Crippes, Christina (November 9, 2009). "Grassley proposing limits to federal drug study". TheHawkEye. Retrieved December 5, 2009.
  67. ↑ Grassley, Charles (November 21, 2009), "Guest column: Congress should debate drug policy", The Des Moines Register, archived from the original on January 2, 2010
  68. ↑ Geraghty, Jim (February 9, 2011). "As Predicted, Jim Webb Won't Run for Reelection in 2012". National Review. Archived from the original on October 20, 2012.
  69. ↑ Smith, Ben. "Webb won't seek reelection". Politico.
  70. ↑ Murray, Shailagh (2007-10-28). "Webb Seen as a Potential 2008 Running Mate". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2008-05-22.
  71. ↑ "Why not both?". The Economist. 2008-05-22. Retrieved 2008-05-22.
  72. 1 2 Pomper, Gerald (2008-05-09). "Obama Should Pick Webb for Running Mate". Real Clear Politics. Retrieved 2008-05-22.
  73. ↑ Carlson, Margaret (2008-05-22). "Webb's Just the Reagan Democrat Obama Needs: Margaret Carlson". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 2008-05-22.
  74. ↑ Turner, Trish; Oinounou, Mosheh (2008-05-22). "Obama, McCain Spar Over GI Bill's Education Incentives". Fox News. Retrieved 2008-05-22. I will not accept from Senator Obama, who did not feel it was his responsibility to serve our country in uniform, any lectures on my regard for those who did
  75. ↑ "Veep Veep". National Journal. 2008-05-19. Retrieved 2008-05-22.
  76. ↑ "Cross Webb off Obama Veep List". Time. 2008-07-07. Retrieved July 7, 2008.
  77. ↑ Berman, Russell (November 20, 2014). "President Jim Webb?". The Atlantic. Retrieved November 20, 2014.
  78. ↑ Haberman, Maggie (2014-11-20). "Jim Webb launches 2016 committee". Politico. Retrieved 2014-11-20.
  79. ↑ Haberman, Maggie (November 20, 2014). "Jim Webb launches 2016 committee". Politico. Retrieved January 22, 2014.
  80. ↑ "Jim Webb to decide 2016 run by end of month". ABC News. June 15, 2015. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
  81. ↑ Rachel Weiner (July 2, 2015). "Jim Webb announces 2016 presidential bid". Washington Post.
  82. ↑ Alex Seitz-Wald (October 20, 2015). "Jim Webb to Quit Democratic Primary". NBC News.
  83. ↑ Shabad, Rebecca (February 11, 2016). "Former Sen. Jim Webb rules out independent presidential bid". CBSNews.com. Retrieved February 11, 2016.
  84. ↑ Collins, Eliza (March 4, 2016). "Jim Webb: I won't vote for Clinton, but I may for Trump". Politico. Retrieved March 8, 2016.
  85. ↑ "Reviving the Story-Telling Art". Time. October 30, 1978.
  86. ↑ "Clintonistas have their eye on Jim Webb". Augusta Free Press.
  87. ↑ "Hillary keeping an eye on Jim Webb", townhall.com, January 5, 2014.
  88. ↑ "Micronesia and United States Pacific Strategy: Blueprint for the 1980s (Praeger special studies in international politics and government): James H. Webb: 9780275089405: Amazon.com: Books". amazon.com.
  89. 1 2 Wray, James (August 29, 2005). "Warner Bros. drinks from Whiskey River". Monsters and Critics. Retrieved 2007-12-09.
  90. ↑ Copeland, Libby (October 18, 2006). "Don't Call Him Redneck: James Webb Hates the Expression, But Is Very Proud of the Culture". Washington Post. Retrieved 2006-10-21.
  91. ↑ "Articles Written by Jim Webb: MAIN PAGE". jameswebb.com. James Webb Enterprises. Archived from the original on 2007-02-02. Retrieved 2007-02-03.
  92. ↑ Barakat, Matthew (November 10, 2006). "Virginia Sen. Allen Concedes Defeat". The Washington Post. Retrieved March 13, 2010.

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Preceded by
John Lehman		 United States Secretary of the Navy
1987–1988 		Succeeded by
William Ball
Party political offices
Preceded by
Chuck Robb		 Democratic nominee for U.S. Senator from Virginia
(Class 1)
2006 		Succeeded by
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United States Senate
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George Allen		 U.S. Senator (Class 1) from Virginia
2007–2013
Served alongside: John Warner, Mark Warner		 Succeeded by
Tim Kaine
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