Persistent left superior vena cava

Persistent left superior vena cava
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	Q26.1
ICD-9-CM	747.49

In anatomy, a persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is the most common variation of the thoracic venous system,^[1]^[2] is prevalent in 0.3% of the population,^[3] and an embryologic remnant that results from a failure to involute.

Presentation

In PLSVC, the left brachiocephalic vein does not develop fully and the left upper limb and head & neck drain into the right atrium via the coronary sinus.

The variation, in isolation, is considered benign, but is very frequently associated with cardiac abnormalities (e.g. ventricular septal defect, atrioventricular septal defect) that have a significant mortality and morbidity.^[4] It is more frequent in patients with congenital heart defects.^[5]

References

↑ Pahwa R, Kumar A (May 2003). "Persistent left superior vena cava: an intensivist's experience and review of the literature". South. Med. J. 96 (5): 528–9. doi:10.1097/01.smj.0000060885.27846.91. PMID 12911199.
↑ Gonzalez-Juanatey C, Testa A, Vidan J, et al. (September 2004). "Persistent left superior vena cava draining into the coronary sinus: report of 10 cases and literature review". Clin Cardiol. 27 (9): 515–8. doi:10.1002/clc.4960270909. PMID 15471164.
↑ Freedom RM, Culham JAG, Moes CAF (1984). Angiography of Congenital Heart Disease. New York: Macmillan Publishing.
↑ Berg C, Knüppel M, Geipel A, et al. (March 2006). "Prenatal diagnosis of persistent left superior vena cava and its associated congenital anomalies". Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 27 (3): 274–80. doi:10.1002/uog.2704. PMID 16456841.
↑ Bjerregaard P, Laursen HB (January 1980). "Persistent left superior vena cava. Incidence, associated congenital heart defects and frontal plane P-wave axis in a paediatric population with congenital heart disease". Acta Paediatr Scand. 69 (1): 105–8. doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1980.tb07039.x. PMID 7368902.

External links

Radiograph of a persistent left SVC — learningradiology.com.

Congenital vascular defects / Vascular malformation (Q25–Q28, 747)

Great arteries/
other arteries

Aorta	Patent ductus arteriosus Coarctation of the aorta Interrupted aortic arch Double aortic arch Right-sided aortic arch Overriding aorta Aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva Vascular ring

Pulmonary artery	Pulmonary atresia Stenosis of pulmonary artery

Subclavian artery	Aberrant subclavian artery

Umbilical artery	Single umbilical artery

Great veins

Superior/inferior vena cava	Congenital stenosis of vena cava Persistent left superior vena cava

Pulmonary vein	Anomalous pulmonary venous connection (Total, Partial) Scimitar syndrome

Arteriovenous malformation

Cerebral arteriovenous malformation

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