List of government ministries of Thailand

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The Government Ministries of Thailand (Thai: กระทรวง: Krasuang) are the government agencies that compose the executive branch of the Government of Thailand. Each ministry is headed by a minister of state (Thai: รัฐมนตรีว่าการกระทรวง, rtgs: Ratthamontri Wa Kan Krasuang) and, depending on the prime minister, several deputy ministers (Thai: รัฐมนตรีช่วยว่าการกระทรวง) . The combined heads of these agencies form the Cabinet of Thailand. There are 19 ministries.[1] The combined employees of these departments make up the Civil Service of Thailand.

Ministries

The present structure of the Royal Thai Government has been the same since the Administrative Reorganisation Act, BE 2545 (2002). The cabinet includes 19 ministries plus the Office of the Prime Minister (OPM):

Ministries
Name Since Head Seal
English Thai Romanised
(RTGS)		 Image Name
Office of the Prime Minister สำนักนายกรัฐมนตรี Samnak Nayok Ratthamontri 1932 Minister Seal of Rajasiha and Gajasiha, the Protectors of the Constitution
Ministry of Defence กระทรวงกลาโหม Krasuang Kalahom 1887 Minister Seal of the Thai Armed Forces
Ministry of Finance กระทรวงการคลัง Krasuang Kan Khlang 1873 Minister Seal of the Bird of Paradise
Ministry of Foreign Affairs กระทรวงการต่างประเทศ Krasuang Kan Tang Prathet 1875 Minister Seal of the Crystal Lotus
Ministry of Tourism and Sports กระทรวงการท่องเที่ยวและกีฬา Krasuang Kan Thong Thiao Lae Kila 2002 Minister Seal of the Lord of Strength on the Back of Airavata
Ministry of Social Development and Human Security กระทรวงการพัฒนาสังคมและความมั่นคงของมนุษย์ Krasuang Kan Phatthana Sangkhom Lae Khwam Man Khong Khong Manut 2002 Minister Seal of the Lord of Creatures
Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives กระทรวงเกษตรและสหกรณ์ Krasuang Kaset Lae Sahakon 1892 Minister Seal of Varuna on Naga's Back
Ministry of Transport กระทรวงคมนาคม Krasuang Khamanakhom 1912 Minister Seal of Rama on the Chariot
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment กระทรวงทรัพยากรธรรมชาติและสิ่งแวดล้อม Krasuang Sapphayakon Thammachat Lae Sing Waet Lom 2002 Minister Seal of the Shield of Nature
Ministry of Digital Economy and Society กระทรวงดิจิทัลเพื่อเศรษฐกิจและสังคม Krasuang Digital Phuea Setthakit Lae Sangkhom 2016 Minister Seal of Budha
Ministry of Energy กระทรวงพลังงาน Krasuang Phalang Ngan 2002 Minister Seal of Lokuttara
Ministry of Commerce กระทรวงพาณิชย์ Krasuang Phanit 1892 Minister Seal of Vessavana
Ministry of Interior กระทรวงมหาดไทย Krasuang Mahatthai 1892 Minister Seal of the Lion
Ministry of Justice กระทรวงยุติธรรม Krasuang Yuttitham 1891 Minister Seal of the Scales of Justice
Ministry of Labour กระทรวงแรงงาน Krasuang Raeng Ngan 1993 Minister Seal of the Three Deities
Ministry of Culture กระทรวงวัฒนธรรม Krasuang Watthanatham 2002 Minister
Seal of the Illumed Baldachin
Ministry of Science and Technology กระทรวงวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี Krasuang Witthayasat Lae Theknoloyi 1979 Minister Seal of Atom
Ministry of Education กระทรวงศึกษาธิการ Krasuang Sueksathikan 1892 Minister
Seal of the Wheel of Law on the Boundary Stone
Ministry of Public Health กระทรวงสาธารณสุข Krasuang Satharanasuk 1942 Minister
Seal of Caduceus

(Renew Seal Design in 2016)

Ministry of Industry กระทรวงอุตสาหกรรม Krasuang Utsahakam 1942 Minister Seal of Narayana Churning the Ocean of Milk

History

During the Rattanakosin Period, the kingdom's administration was similar to that during the Ayutthaya Period. There were two chief ministers (Thai: อัครมหาเสนาบดี: Akkhramahasenabodi): the first running military affairs or "samuhakalahom" (Thai: สมุหกลาโหม) and the second "Samuhanayok" (Thai: สมุหนายก) for civilian affairs. The civilian ministry was divided further into four "kroms" (Thai: กรม), headed by a "senabodi" (Thai: เสนาบดี) or "minister". This type of administration was called the "chatusadom" (Thai: จตุสดมภ์) :

Ministries
Name Thai Name Head Purpose
Krom Nakhonban or Kromma Wiang กรมนครบาล หรือ กรมเวียง Senabodi Cities and local administration
Kromma Wang กรมวัง Senabodi Palace affairs
Kromma Khlang กรมคลัง Senabodi Treasury and trade
Kromma Na กรมนา Senabodi Agriculture and land

King Chulalongkorn (Rama V), who had received a European education and traveled widely, reformed the administration of the state. In 1875, he issued a royal decree to bring about this reform, dividing and creating many departments, and thereby preventing the archaic system from collapsing.

Rama V reforms

The administrative reforms of Chulalongkorn created six ministries (Thai: กระทรวง: Krasuang), each headed by a minister of state or (Thai: รัฐมนตรี, rtgs: ratthamontri):

Ministries
Name Thai Name Head Purpose
Mahatthai Ministry กระทรวงมหาดไทย Minister Local administration and the north
Kalahom Ministry กระทรวงกลาโหม Minister Military and the south
Nakhonban Ministry กระทรวงนครบาล Minister Bangkok and surrounding area
Wang Ministry กระทรวงวัง Minister Palace affairs
Kan Khlang Ministry กระทรวงการคลัง Minister Finance and commerce
Kasettrathikan Ministry กระทรวงเกษตราธิการ Minister Agriculture and land

A further four were soon added:

Ministries
Name Thai Name Head Purpose
Kan Tang Prathet Ministry กระทรวงการต่างประเทศ Minister Foreign affairs and relations
Yuttitham Ministry กระทรวงยุติธรรม Minister Justice and the judiciary
Yothathikan Ministry กระทรวงโยธาธิการ Minister Transport and communication (railways and telegrams)
Thammakan Ministry กระทรวงธรรมการ Minister Education

By 1900 the entire structure was formed. The ten ministries became the center of Siamese government and rule. After the 1932 Revolution, most of the ministries were retained by the Khana Ratsadon, however from then on the ministers were chosen by the prime minister and not the king.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Government Agencies". Office of the Prime Minister (OPM) (Thailand). Retrieved 5 July 2016.


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