List of VM Motori engines

Italian manufacturer VM Motori S.p.A. has designed and built several different diesel engines for many third-party applications. Fiat is the actual owner, and sells projects to automotive manufacturers like GM, Jeep, and other companies. VM Motori offers different range of engines depending on the applications: automotive, industrial, marine, and power generation.

Automotive Applications

3 Cylinder

R 315 SOHC

1.5 L (1,493 cc or 91.1 cu in) I3, with a single overhead camshaft, four valves-per-cylinder, and common-rail direct fuel injection.

This engine was designed in 1998 with the related 4-cylinder variant R 420 SOHC. In 1999 VM granted Hyundai the license to manufacture both engines. Under terms of the agreement, Hyundai was able to manufacture the engines only to power its vehicles, while VM was free to grant other license agreements also in Korea, as happened in 2004 with GM Daewoo.^[1]

Further evolutions were named RA 315 (Euro 4 compliant, up to 105 PS (77 kW; 104 hp) ) and A 315 (Euro 5 compliant, up to 115 PS (85 kW; 113 hp) ).

Applications:

• Hyundai Accent (power: 90 hp (60 kW); torque: 133 lb·ft(180 N m))
• Hyundai Matrix (power: 90 hp (60 kW); torque: 133 lb·ft(180 N m))
• Hyundai Getz (power: 90 hp (60 kW); torque: 133 lb·ft(180 N m))k

HR 392 SOHC

92 by 89.2 millimetres (3.62 in × 3.51 in) bore and stroke, 1.8 L (1,779 cc or 108.6 cu in) I3, of an OHV pushrod design with two valves per cylinder. The block was cast iron, with an alloy head. It featured a four main bearing crankshaft, a balance shaft, and a Bosch VE3/10 fuel injection pump. A KKK 14 turbocharger was used, with an intercooler for the facelifted 'Nuova 33' of 1990.^[2] Although out of production, this was the biggest three-cylinder engine ever made for a car.

Applications:

• 1986—1989 Alfa Romeo 33 Series II 73 PS (54 kW) at 4,200 rpm and 178 N·m (131 lbf·ft) at 2,400 rpm^[3]
• 1990.01—1995 Alfa Romeo 33 Series III 84 PS (62 kW) at 4,200 rpm and 178 N·m (131 lbf·ft) at 2,400 rpm^[4]

4 Cylinder

RA 420 SOHC

2.0 L (1,991 cc or 121.5 cu in) I4, with four valves-per-cylinder and common-rail direct fuel injection. Produced by GM Korea.

Applications:

• Chevrolet Cruze, power: 110 kW (150 PS), torque: 320 N·m (240 lb·ft)
• Daewoo Lacetti/Daewoo Nubira II/Chevrolet Optra, power: 89 kW (121 PS), torque: 280 N·m (210 lb·ft)
• Daewoo Tosca/Chevrolet Epica, power: 110 kW (150 PS), torque: 320 N·m (240 lb·ft)
• Daewoo Winstorm/Chevrolet Captiva, power: 110 kW (150 PS), torque: 320 N·m (240 lb·ft), engine code: Z 20 S1.
• Hyundai Elantra XD, power: 82 kW (111 PS); torque: 250 N·m (180 lb·ft)
• Hyundai i30 FD, power: 103 kW (140 PS); torque: 305 N·m (225 lb·ft) (pre-facelift models)
• Hyundai Sonata NF, power: 103 kW (140 PS) (pre-facelift models) / 110 kW (150 PS) (facelift models); torque: 305 N·m (225 lb·ft)
• Hyundai Tucson JM, power: 82 kW (111 PS), 103 kW (140 PS) or 110 kW (150 PS) depending onodel year; torque: 250 N·m (180 lb·ft) or 305 N·m (225 lb·ft)
• Hyundai Santa Fe SM, power: 82 kW (111 PS); torque: 250 N·m (180 lb·ft)
• Hyundai Santa Fe CM, power: 103 kW (140 PS) or 110 kW (150 PS); torque: 305 N·m (225 lb·ft)
• Hyundai Trajet, power: 82 kW (111 PS); torque: 250 N·m (180 lb·ft)
• Kia Cerato/Spectra LD, power: 82 kW (111 PS); torque: 250 N·m (180 lb·ft)
• Kia cee'd ED, power: 103 kW (140 PS); torque: 305 N·m (225 lb·ft)
• Kia Optima/Magentis MG, power: 103 kW (140 PS) (pre-facelift models) / 88 kW (120 PS), or 100 kW (136 PS) or 110 kW (150 PS) (facelift models); torque: 305 N·m (225 lb·ft)
• Kia Carens FC, power: 82 kW (111 PS); torque: 250 N·m (180 lb·ft)
• Kia Carens UN, power: 103 kW (140 PS); torque: 305 N·m (225 lb·ft)
• Kia Sportage JE, power 82 kW (111 PS), 103 kW (140 PS) or 110 kW (150 PS) depending on model year; torque: 250 N·m (180 lb·ft) or 305 N·m (225 lb·ft)
• Opel Antara, power: 110 kW (150 PS), torque: 320 N·m (240 lb·ft)

HR 488 OHV

2.0 L (1,995 cc or 121.7 cu in) I4, with two (pushrod-actuated) valves-per-cylinder and indirect fuel injection from Bosch (Spica in earlier versions). 88.0 x 82.0 mm. This engine, developed for Alfa Romeo in 1979,^[5] is also known as the VM80A and VM4 HT. Usually with KKK 16 turbochargers.

Applications:

• 1985.05–1992.02 Alfa Romeo 75, 95 PS (70 kW) at 4,300 rpm and 192 N·m (142 lb·ft) at 2,300 rpm
• 1979.10–1984.12 Alfa Romeo Alfetta, 82 PS (60 kW) at 4,300 rpm and 162 N·m (119 lb·ft) at 2,300 rpm^[6]
• 1983.03–1985.05 Alfa Romeo Giulietta, 82 PS (60 kW) at 4,300 rpm and 162 N·m (119 lb·ft) at 2,300 rpm^[7]
• 1984 FSO Polonez, 84 PS (62 kW) at 4,300 rpm and 162 N·m (119 lb·ft) at 2,500 rpm

HR 492 OHV

2.4 L (2,393 cc or 146.0 cu in) I4, with two (pushrod-actuated) valves-per-cylinder and indirect fuel injection (Bosch VE 4/10, Spica in some earlier applications). 92.0 x 90.0 mm. This engine is also known as the VM81A and VM4 HT 2.4. At first the 2.4 used KKK 24 turbochargers, later KKK 16s were installed for higher output.

Applications:

• 1988.10–1992.02 Alfa Romeo 75, 112 PS (82 kW) at 4,200 rpm and 240 N·m (177 lb·ft) at 2,400 rpm
• 1984.10–1987.01 Alfa Romeo 90, 110 PS (81 kW) at 4,200 rpm and 235 N·m (173 lb·ft) at 2,300 rpm^[8]
• 1983.04–1984.12 Alfa Romeo Alfetta, 95 PS (70 kW) at 4,200 rpm and 186 N·m (137 lb·ft) at 2,400 rpm^[6]
• 1984 Delta Mini Cruiser/Explorer, 100 PS (74 kW) at 4,200 rpm^[9]
• 1986–1989.10 Range Rover, 106 PS (78 kW) at 4,200 rpm and 238 N·m (176 lb·ft) at 2,400 rpm^[10]
• 1982.04–1986.10 Rover 2400 SD Turbo (SD1), 67 kW (90 bhp) at 4,000 rpm and 192 N·m (142 lb·ft) at 2,350 rpm^[11]
• 1986-? UAZ 469B, 97 PS (71 kW) at 4,200 rpm and 216 N·m (159 lb·ft) at 2,300 rpm (installed for the Italian market by importer V. Martorelli)^[12]

425 OHV

2.5 L (2,499 cc or 152.5 cu in) I4, with two (pushrod-actuated) valves-per-cylinder and indirect fuel injection. 92.0 x 94.0 mm, the engine size is variably referred to as either 2,500 or 2,499 cc. This engine too has been called HR 492, signifying four cylinders of 92 mm bore. Timing gears, not belt.

Applications:

• 1994–1998 Alfa Romeo 155, 125 PS (92 kW) at 4,200 rpm and 294 N·m (217 lb·ft) at 2,000 rpm
• 1987–1992 Alfa Romeo 164, 114–117 PS (84–86 kW) at 4,200 rpm and 258 N·m (190 lb·ft) at 2,500 rpm (HR492/VM84A/VM08)
• 1992–1998 Alfa Romeo 164, 125 PS (92 kW) at 4,200 rpm and 294 N·m (217 lb·ft) at 2,000 rpm (HS492/VM32)
• 1991–2000 Chrysler Voyager, 118 PS (87 kW) and 262 N·m (193 lb·ft)
• 1999–2000 Dodge Dakota, 114 hp (85 kW) and 300 N·m (221 lb·ft)
• 1991-1995 Dodge Caravan C/V (U.S. fleets only), 118 PS (87 kW) and 262 N·m (193 lb·ft)
• 1993-1999 Ford Scorpio
• 1996–2000 GAZ GAZelle, 101 hp (75 kW); torque: 232 N·m (171 lb·ft)
• 1994–2001 Jeep Cherokee, 118 hp (88 kW) at 4,000 rpm and 300 N·m (221 lb·ft) at 2,000 rpm
• 1995–1998 Jeep Grand Cherokee, 114 hp (85 kW) and 300 N·m (221 lb·ft)
• 1989.10-1992 Range Rover, 121 PS (89 kW; 119 bhp) at 4,200 rpm and 284 N·m (209 lb·ft) at 1,950 rpm^[13]
• 1990–1999 Rover 800, 118 bhp, latterly 120 bhp (87-88 kW) and 268 N·m (198 lb·ft) at 2,100 rpm^[14]
• 1997–2000 UAZ 3160, 101 hp (75 kW) and 232 N·m (171 lb·ft)
• 1995 V.M.C 2500 Turbotronic, 117 PS (86 kW) at 4,200 rpm and 235 N·m (173 lb·ft) at 2,200 rpm

This engine was also used in some early Toyota Land Cruisers & Hilux, and Opel Fronteras.

The 425 OHV used in Chrysler Voyager 1991–2000 only 1996 and 1997 was with chain.

Between 1997 and 2001 this engine was manufactured at "Detroit Diesel Motores do Brasil" in Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. The plant was eventually sold to Perkins after the Dodge Dakota stopped production locally.

R 425 OHV

425 OHV fitted with direct fuel injection for cleaner emissions.

Applications: Rover 800 late models circa 1998

R 425 DOHC

2.5 L (2,499 cc or 152.5 cu in) I4, with four valves-per-cylinder and common-rail direct fuel injection. Also available with variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) with upgraded power output of 120 kW (163 PS).^[15]

Applications:

• 2001–2007 Chrysler Voyager Manual (power: 141 hp (105 kW); torque: 251 lb·ft (340 Nm))
• 2002–2004 Jeep Cherokee (power: 141 hp (105 kW); torque: 251 lb·ft (340 Nm))
• 2006- LDV Maxus^[16] (power: 118 hp (88 kW) at 4,000 rpm; torque: 221 lb·ft (300 Nm) at 2,000 rpm)

A derated version of this engine putting out 100 hp was chosen in 2006 to power the new generation of the iconic London Taxi (the TX4).

R 428 DOHC

R 425 DOHC enlarged to 2.8 L (2,766 cc or 168.8 cu in) displacement.

Applications:

• 2001–2007 Chrysler Voyager (Automatic transmission) (power: 150 hp (110 kW); torque: 251 lb·ft(360 Nm))
• 2001–2004 Jeep Cherokee/Liberty (power: 150 hp (110 kW); torque: 251 lb·ft(360 Nm)). Only in Europe
• 2005–2007 Jeep Cherokee/Liberty (power: 163 hp (120 kW); torque: 295 lb·ft(400 Nm))
• 2008–2010 (mod. RA 428 DOHC) Jeep Cherokee/Liberty (power: 177 hp (130 kW); torque: 302/339 lb·ft(410/460 Nm))
• 2004–present BMC Megastar (power: 127 hp (95 kW); torque: 184 lb·ft(250 Nm))
• 2007–2010 (mod. RA 428 DOHC) Dodge Nitro (power: 177 hp (130 kW); torque: 302/339 lb·ft(410/460 Nm))
• 2007–2010 (mod. RA 428 DOHC) Jeep Wrangler (power: 177 hp (130 kW); torque: Manual transmission: 302 lb·ft or 410 N·m automatic transmission: 339 lb·ft or 460 N·m))
• 2008–2011 (mod. RA 428 DOHC) Chrysler Grand Voyager (Automatic transmission) power: 163 hp (120 kW); torque: 295 lb·ft or 400 N·m))
• 2012-2013 (mod R 428 DOHC) Chevrolet Colorado & Holden Colorado & Nova S10(Brazil) (Manual and Automatic) 180HP Torque 470Nm

A 428 DOHC

Evolution of R428 DOHC with 1800 bar common rail injection system and piezoelectric injectors

Applications:

• 2010–2012 Jeep Cherokee (power: 200 PS (147 kW); torque: Manual transmission: 302 lb·ft or 410 N·m automatic transmission: 339 lb·ft or 460 N·m))
• 2010–present Jeep Wrangler (power: 200 PS (147 kW); torque: Manual transmission: 302 lb·ft or 410 N·m automatic transmission: 339 lb·ft or 460 N·m))
• 2011–2013 Chrysler Grand Voyager/Lancia Voyager (power: 163 PS (120 kW); torque: 360 N·m)
• 2013–present Chrysler Grand Voyager/Lancia Voyager (power: 178 PS (131 kW); torque: 360 N·m)
• 2013–present Holden Colorado, Holden Colorado 7 (power 147 kW); 500Nm (Updated November 2013)
• 2014–present General Motors, Holden Colorado, Isuzu Colorado & Holden Colorado & Nova S10(Brazil) (power:200HP Torque:510Nm)

5 Cylinder

HR 588 OHV

2.5 L (2,494 cc or 152.2 cu in) inline-five, with two (pushrod-actuated) valves-per-cylinder and indirect fuel injection from either Bosch or Spica. 88.0 x 82.0 mm. This engine is a five-cylinder version of the 2-litre HR488, and also uses KKK turbochargers.

Applications:

• 1983–1986.05 Alfa Romeo Alfa 6, 112 PS (82 kW) at 4,200 rpm and 240 N·m (177 lb·ft) at 2,400 rpm^[17]
• 1987-? Toyota Land Cruiser II BJ73, 99 PS (73 kW) at 4,000 rpm and 220 N·m (162 lb·ft) at 2,600 rpm (Italian market only)^[18]

531 OHV

Essentially a 425 OHV with an extra cylinder. 3.1 L (3,125 cc or 190.7 cu in) I5, with two (pushrod-actuated) valves-per-cylinder and indirect fuel injection.

Applications:

• 1999–2001 Jeep Grand Cherokee (power: 138 hp or 103 kW; torque: 283 lb·ft or 384 N·m))

R 531 OHV

531 OHV I5 engine, fitted with direct fuel injection.

Applications:

6 Cylinder

638 OHV

Essentially a 531 OHV with an extra cylinder. 3.8 L (3,749 cc or 228.8 cu in) inline-six, with two (pushrod-actuated) valves-per-cylinder and indirect fuel injection.

Applications:

• 1995–1999 Asia Motors Combi (power: 135 hp (101 kW); torque: 236 lb·ft (320 N m))
• 1995–2000 Bucher-Guyer Duro (power: 148 hp (110 kW); torque: 251 lb·ft or 340 N·m))
• 1999 Bering trucks (power: 116 hp or 87 kW; torque: 295 lb·ft or 400 N·m))

Also used by BMW Marine as a 180 HP stern-drive package.

R 638 OHV

638 OHV fitted with direct fuel injection.

Applications:

D 642 OHV

Essentially an R 638 OHV enlarged to 4.2 L (4,164 cc or 254.1 cu in) displacement. It was the first VM Motori engine to feature direct fuel injection.

Applications:

• 2001–2002 Bucher-Guyer Duro (power: 158 hp (118 kW); torque: 295 lb·ft (400 N m))

RA 629 DOHC

A planned 2.9 L (2,935 cc or 179.1 cu in) double overhead camshaft V6, featuring four valves-per-cylinder and common-rail direct fuel injection.

Developed for General Motors but stopped at the end of 2008; after Cadillac left the European market and Saab was put for sale, GM had no use for that engine.

A 630 DOHC

630 DOHC
Overview
Manufacturer	VM Motori
Also called	A630 EcoDiesel L630
Production	2011 - present
Combustion chamber
Configuration	60° V6
Displacement	2,987 cc (182.3 cu in)
Cylinder bore	83.0 mm (3.27 in)
Piston stroke	92.0 mm (3.62 in)
Cylinder block alloy	Compacted graphite iron
Cylinder head alloy	Aluminum
Valvetrain	DOHC
Compression ratio	15.5:1
Combustion
Turbocharger	Honeywell VGT 2056
Fuel system	Direct injection
Fuel type	Diesel fuel B20
Oil system	Wet sump
Cooling system	Water-cooled
Dimensions
Length	695 mm (27.4 in)
Width	729 mm (28.7 in)
Height	697.5 mm (27.46 in)
Dry weight	490 lb (220 kg)
Chronology
Predecessor	Mercedes-Benz OM642 (Chrysler applications)

A 3.0 L (2,987 cc or 182.3 cu in) double overhead camshaft V6, featuring four valves-per-cylinder and common-rail direct fuel injection. A variant complying with the emission norms of the North America market (NAFTA) is codenamed L630 DOHC and marketed by Chrysler as the EcoDiesel. The high-performance, single turbo version is codenamed as A630 DOHC HP.^[19]

A630 applications (EU):

• 2011 Jeep Grand Cherokee
  • power 241 PS (177 kW), torque 406 lb·ft (550 N m)
• 2012 Chrysler 300 /Lancia Thema (Europe)
  • power 190 PS (140 kW; 190 hp) @ 4000 rpm, torque 440 N·m (320 lb·ft) @ 1600-2800 rpm
  • power 239 PS (176 kW; 236 hp) @ 4000 rpm, torque 550 N·m (410 lb·ft) @ 1800-2800 rpm
• 2014 Jeep Grand Cherokee (FPT Multijet II)
  • power 250 PS (184 kW; 250 hp) @ 4000 rpm, torque 420 lb·ft (570 N·m) @ 2000 rpm

L630 applications (US):

• 2014 Jeep Grand Cherokee
  • power 243 PS (179 kW; 240 hp) @ 3600 rpm, torque 420 lb·ft (570 N·m) @ 2000 rpm
• 2014 Ram 1500
  • power 243 PS (179 kW; 240 hp) @ 3600 rpm, torque 420 lb·ft (570 N·m) @ 2000 rpm

A630 HP applications (EU):

• 2013 Maserati Ghibli III
  • power 275 PS (202 kW; 271 hp) @ 4000 rpm, torque 600 N·m (440 lb·ft) @ 2000 rpm
• 2013 Maserati Quattroporte VI
  • power 275 PS; 271 hp (202 kW) @ 4000 rpm, torque 600 N·m (440 lb·ft) @ 2000-2600 rpm
• 2016 Maserati Levante
  • power 250 PS; 247 hp (184 kW) @ 4000 rpm, torque 600 N·m (440 lb·ft) @ 2000-2600 rpm
  • power 275 PS; 271 hp (202 kW) @ 4000 rpm, torque 600 N·m (440 lb·ft) @ 2000-2600 rpm

See also

• List of engines used in Chrysler products

Other vehicles which used VM Motori engines in some models

• AMC Eagle
• Chevrolet Colorado Diesel only.
• Ford Scorpio
• Fiat Croma
• Jeep Wrangler
• Opel Frontera
• Range Rover Turbo D
• Toyota Hilux (2.4D)
• Toyota Land Cruiser

References

1. Chellini, Roberto (August 2004). "VM Motori grants advanced automotive technology to Asian countries". Automotive Industries.
2. Büschi, Hans U., ed. (March 1991). Automobil Revue 1991 (in German and French). 86. Berne, Switzerland: Hallwag AG. p. 153. ISBN 3-444-00514-8.
3. "Automotive/Past vehicles". vmmotori.it. Retrieved 16 July 2007.
4. Quattroruote: Tutte le Auto del Mondo 1992. Milano: Editoriale Domus S.p.A. 1992. p. 12.
5. von Fersen, Olaf (6 March 1980). "Automobiltechnik an der Zeitenwende/La technique de l'automobile à un tournant" [Automobile technology at a turning point]. Automobil Revue '80 (in German and French). Berne, Switzerland: Hallwag, AG. 75: 109.
6. World Cars 1984. Pelham, NY: L'Editrice dell'Automobile LEA/Herald Books. 1984. p. 196. ISBN 0-910714-16-9.
7. World Cars 1985. Pelham, NY: L'Editrice dell'Automobile LEA/Herald Books. 1985. p. 188. ISBN 0-910714-17-7.
8. World Cars 1985, p. 191
9. Marin, Gianni, ed. (July–September 1984). "La Borsa del Nuovo" [New Price Listing]. Auto in Fuoristrada (in Italian). Milan: Rusconi Editore. 3 (7): 163.
10. Heitz, Rudolf, ed. (1987). Auto Katalog 1988 (in German). 31. Stuttgart: Vereinigte Motor-Verlage GmbH & Co. KG. p. 202.
11. World Cars 1985, p. 174
12. Mastrostefano, Raffaele, ed. (1990). Quattroruote: Tutte le Auto del Mondo 1990 (in Italian). Milano: Editoriale Domus S.p.A. p. 1346.
13. Tutte le Auto del Mondo 1990, p. 1277
14. Tutte le Auto del Mondo, pp. 907–908
15. "VM Motori R425 DOHC page".
16. Ciferri, Luca (2005-05-16). "LDV gets diesels from VM Motori". Automotive News. Crain Communications.
17. World Cars 1984, p. 198
18. Mastrostefano, Raffaele, ed. (1990). Quattroruote: Tutte le Auto del Mondo 1990 (in Italian). Milano: Editoriale Domus S.p.A. pp. 1340–1341.
19. "V6 Motors Engine: A 630 DOHC , L 630 DOHC, A 630 DOHC HP - VM Motori". www.vmmotori.com.