Murray, Kentucky

Not to be confused with Murray Hill, Kentucky, near Louisville.
Murray, Kentucky
City

A portion of Murray as seen from US Hwy 641
Coordinates: 36°36′34″N 88°18′56″W / 36.60944°N 88.31556°W / 36.60944; -88.31556Coordinates: 36°36′34″N 88°18′56″W / 36.60944°N 88.31556°W / 36.60944; -88.31556
Country United States
State Kentucky
County Calloway
Founded c. 1822
Incorporated January 17, 1844[1]
Named for Rep. John L. Murray
Government
 • Mayor Jack Rose
Area
 • City 11.3 sq mi (29.2 km2)
 • Land 11.2 sq mi (29.1 km2)
 • Water 0.04 sq mi (0.1 km2)
Elevation 535 ft (163 m)
Population (2010)
 • City 17,741
 • Density 1,578/sq mi (609.4/km2)
 • Metro 37,191
Time zone CST (UTC-6)
 • Summer (DST) CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP Code 42071
Area code(s) 270 & 364
FIPS code 21-54642
GNIS feature ID 0499118
Website www.murrayky.gov

Murray is a home rule-class city[2] in Calloway County, Kentucky, in the United States. It is the seat of Calloway County[3] and the 22nd-largest city in Kentucky.[4] The city's population was 17,741 during the 2010 U.S. census,[5] and its micropolitan area's population was 37,191.

It is the home of Murray State University.

History

Early history

Calloway County courthouse on Murray's court square

The city now known as Murray began as a post office and trading center sometime in the early 1820s. It was at first called Williston in honor of James Willis, an early settler. Later, the name was changed to Pooltown after Robert Pool, a local merchant. The name was changed again to Pleasant Springs before its incorporation on January 17, 1844, when the present name was adopted to honor Rep. John Murray.[1]

Murray was not the first county seat, which was at Wadesboro. Calloway County was then much larger than today. In 1842, however, the state legislature divided the area, creating Marshall County. It was felt that a more centrally located county seat was needed, and as the village of Murray was at the geographic center, it was chosen. A new courthouse was built along with a jail, and the town Murray was laid out on an 80-acre (320,000 m2) plot subdivided into 137 business and residential lots divided by eight streets.[6][7]

The Civil War era

Monument honoring the Confederate soldiers on the northeast corner of the Murray court square

Kentucky did not officially secede from the Union during the Civil War, instead declaring its neutrality, but both Murray and Calloway County were strongly pro-Confederate. No major battles were fought near the town, but guerrilla warfare sometimes took place nearby. In the spring of 1862, a Union force stationed in Paducah marched across the county to the Tennessee River, taking anything it wanted from the inhabitants without paying. Also, parts of Murray were burned on several occasions. Once, part of the town was burned by the Union Army in retaliation for its presumed support for the Confederate guerrillas. A diary kept by Josh Ellison of Murray tells that one night during the winter of 1864-65, a detachment of Union soldiers from Paducah torched every buildings on the east side of the court square, three days later burning all those north of the square.[6][7]

An estimated 800 men from the area joined in the Confederate Army, either as infantry in the Kentucky Orphan Brigade or in the cavalry, while about 200 sided with the Union. Calloway County's Confederate veterans are honored by monument on the northeast side of the court house square. Donated by the United Daughters of the Confederacy, it is the only Confederate monument in the South that does not face true north. There are several tales about the reason for this, but nowadays no one really knows.[6][7]

Geography

Murray is located at 36°36′34″N 88°18′56″W / 36.60944°N 88.31556°W / 36.60944; -88.31556 (36.609494, −88.315656),[8] 7 miles (11 km) north of the Tennessee border. Benton is 19 miles (31 km) to the north, and Mayfield is 24 miles (39 km) to the northwest.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 11.3 square miles (29.2 km2), of which 0.29 square miles (0.75 km2), or 0.26%, is water.[5]

Murray is situated 15 miles (24 km) west of the 170,000 acres (690 km2) Land Between the Lakes National Recreation Area, which offers hiking, elk and bison viewing, birding, 1850s historic buildings, planetarium, nature center, off-highway vehicle riding, fishing, boating, swimming, camping, and a large wildlife population.

Climate

Murray has a humid subtropical climate and four distinct seasons. The warmest month of the year is July, with an average high temperature of 90 °F (32 °C). The coldest month is January, with an average high temperature of 45 °F.

Tornadoes and storms

Murray has had several tornadoes and storms in recent years and has been the site of two F4 tornadoes. On February 5, 2008, Kentucky and surrounding states were subject to many violent tornadoes with some of them in Western Kentucky. On June 30, 2009, a violent storm with winds of up to 90 miles per hour (140 km/h) ravaged trees and damaged buildings. On July 4, 2009 another tornado outbreak in Western Kentucky left Independence Day celebrations spoiled throughout the region.

Climate data for Murray, Kentucky
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 76
(24)		 81
(27)		 88
(31)		 90
(32)		 95
(35)		 106
(41)		 110
(43)		 108
(42)		 108
(42)		 96
(36)		 83
(28)		 79
(26)		 110
(43)
Average high °F (°C) 45
(7)		 50
(10)		 61
(16)		 71
(22)		 78
(26)		 86
(30)		 90
(32)		 89
(32)		 82
(28)		 71
(22)		 59
(15)		 47
(8)		 69.1
(20.7)
Average low °F (°C) 28
(−2)		 32
(0)		 40
(4)		 49
(9)		 58
(14)		 66
(19)		 70
(21)		 68
(20)		 61
(16)		 49
(9)		 40
(4)		 31
(−1)		 49.3
(9.4)
Record low °F (°C) −16
(−27)		 −9
(−23)		 −3
(−19)		 23
(−5)		 34
(1)		 44
(7)		 52
(11)		 49
(9)		 31
(−1)		 21
(−6)		 −1
(−18)		 −13
(−25)		 −16
(−27)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 4.12
(104.6)		 4.79
(121.7)		 4.74
(120.4)		 5.06
(128.5)		 5.75
(146)		 4.90
(124.5)		 4.27
(108.5)		 3.47
(88.1)		 3.51
(89.2)		 4.17
(105.9)		 5.29
(134.4)		 5.68
(144.3)		 55.75
(1,416.1)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 5.0
(12.7)		 3.8
(9.7)		 1.0
(2.5)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0.1
(0.3)		 0.2
(0.5)		 0.7
(1.8)		 10.8
(27.5)
Average precipitation days 9 8 10 9 9 8 8 7 7 7 8 9 99
Average snowy days 2.6 2.4 .8 0 0 0 0 0 0 .1 .2 1.0 7.1
Average relative humidity (%) 73 68 64 63 69 72 73 73 71 68 68 73 69.6
Mean monthly sunshine hours 137.5 145.9 192.4 231.0 261.4 277.0 279.3 263.5 225.0 217.0 147.0 130.2 2,507.2
Source #1: The Weather Channel Climatology;[9]
Source #2: Weatherbase [10]

Demographics

Census data

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1860218—
1870179−17.9%
1880636255.3%
1890518−18.6%
19001,822251.7%
19102,08914.7%
19202,41515.6%
19302,89119.7%
19403,77330.5%
19506,03560.0%
19609,30354.2%
197013,53745.5%
198014,2485.3%
199014,4391.3%
200014,9503.5%
201017,74118.7%
Est. 201518,954[11]6.8%
U.S. Decennial Census[12]

As of the census[13] of 2000, there were 14,950 people, 6,004 households, and 2,869 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,541.5 people per square mile (595.1/km²). There were 6,622 housing units at an average density of 682.8 per square mile (263.6/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 88.16% White, 6.80% African American, 0.21% Native American, 2.75% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.68% from other races, and 1.38% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.73% of the population.

There were 6,004 households out of which 19.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.6% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 52.2% were non-families. 39.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.02 and the average family size was 2.70.

In the city the population was spread out with 13.6% under the age of 18, 33.7% from 18 to 24, 20.7% from 25 to 44, 16.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 26 years. For every 100 females there were 86.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $25,647, and the median income for a family was $41,331. Males had a median income of $30,266 versus $22,294 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,389. About 11.2% of families and 22.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.8% of those under age 18 and 9.9% of those age 65 or over.

Crime

Murray boasts one of the lowest crime rates in Kentucky. The total crime risk index score for Murray is 54, which is 46 points below the national crime risk score of 100. "Homefair City Profile". 

Religion

The city of Murray is host to several religious assemblies of various faiths. There are approximately 75 religious institutions within the city of Murray and surrounding area.[14] Some of the denominations that make their home in Murray include, Baptist, Catholic, Episcopal, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Christian Science, Church of Christ, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Pentecostal, Presbyterian, Methodist, and Non-Denominational. Baptists are the most prominent faith in Murray with over 25 Baptist churches within the Murray area.[15]

Culture

Annual festivals

First Christian Church, established in 1844

Murray plays host to several annual festivals and events. Perhaps the most well known Murray festival is the annual Freedom Fest celebration. The dates of the festival vary from year to year, but are always near the end of June through the first week of July. During the festival, activities include a parade, a farmer's market, a 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) run, and a street fair, as well as the signature Fireworks Extravaganza which draws crowds from all over the region. In 2004 Freedom Fest added Squealin' on the Square, a Kansas City Barbeque Society competition which attracted competitors from across the south and mid-west. The largest event of Freedom Fest was the annual concert put on by a local radio station. Artists who have played in the past are: Confederate Railroad, Lonestar, Travis Tritt, Sara Evans and Trace Adkins

Dickens Alley, also well known in the region, is held during the first weekend in December. The festival turns historic downtown Murray into olde London from centuries ago. Activities include a street fair, home-baked goods for sale and carolers dressed from the period.

Other festivals include the West Kentucky Highland Games and Festival, the Lumberjack Challenge, the RC Aircraft Fly-in and the Murray Ice Cream Festival (which occurs in early September)

Murray State University has hosted Festival of Champions as the oldest, largest, and most prestigious marching band festivals of its kind in the South since 1976. This annual competition hosts bands from throughout Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Missouri and Tennessee with over 1,500 students each fall. It is sanctioned by the Kentucky Music Educators Association as part of its marching band contest season. <http://kyband.com/home/festival-of-champions/>

On October 4, 2008, a Bands of America regional competition was held at Murray State University. The competition included marching band performances from various high schools from the southeast and an exhibition performance by the Murray State Racer Band.

Museums and galleries

The Clara M. Eagle Gallery is located in the Fine Arts Building.

Murray offers tourists and citizens tastes of culture that are usually only available in larger cities. The Clara M. Eagle Gallery is a multi-level art gallery that houses around 1,200 permanent artworks. The gallery has also been home to temporary shows, featuring contemporary art, African art, woodworking, and tapestries from Spain among others. The galleries have near 8,300 square feet (770 m2) of show space.

Wrather West Kentucky Museum

The Wrather West Kentucky Museum is located in the first building constructed on the campus of Murray State University and has been placed on the National Register of Historic Places. The museum, which is free to the public, highlights the social development, economic and cultural development of the people of the Jackson Purchase region of Kentucky through permanent and changing exhibits.

Parks

Murray has three city parks that cover over 200 acres (0.8 km2) of land - Central Park, Chestnut Park and Bee Creek. A three-pool community swimming complex & Owens Spray Park is housed in Murray's Central Park. The parks also features 17 soccer fields, 2 basketball courts, 5 playgrounds, 9 baseball and softball fields, 4-bay batting cages, Lions Club Skate Park, and a three-mile (5 km) nature walking trail. The parks also have 9 covered picnic pavilions for family gatherings, the Murray Rotary amphitheater and west Kentucky's first dog park. The park features an 18-hole 5,200-foot (1,580 m) disc golf course that was the first one of its kind in the area.[16]

Playhouse in the Park

Playhouse in the Park Community Theatre

Playhouse in the Park is one of the oldest community theatres in the state of Kentucky. The theatre is located in Murray's Central Park and is housed in a 1907 train and freight depot. The playhouse is open year-round and produces everything including original works, comedies, dramas, children's theatre, and musicals. On May 16, 2008, former President Bill Clinton made an appearance at Playhouse in the Park to speak about his wife's (Hillary Clinton) presidency campaign.

Sports

Murray's CFSB Center, home of the Murray State University men's and women's basketball programs

College athletics are the sporting events of choice in the Murray area. Murray State University participates in NCAA Division I athletics which is the highest level of collegiate athletics. The university has 16 athletic programs that compete in the Ohio Valley Conference and have provided 117 conference titles since 1948.[17] The most popular sport at Murray State is the men's basketball program. The basketball program is one of the winningest programs in NCAA history with over 1,300 wins and an all-time winning percentage of .637, which places Murray State 20th best in NCAA history.[18] Murray State has won 23 regular season Ohio Valley Conference titles and 15 OVC Tournament titles, which is the best in the OVC.[19] The men's basketball program has produced a number of NBA players, most notably Jeff Martin, Popeye Jones, Isaiah Canaan, Cameron Payne, and Joe Fulks, who is a Basketball Hall of Fame inductee and has been credited with being one of the pioneers of the jump shot.[20]

Roy Stewart Stadium, home of the Murray State football program

Murray State football, although not as popular as basketball, is also rich in winning tradition and is well followed. The football program has won 8 Ohio Valley Conference titles and has produced 17 NFL players. Even more well-known are the coaches the football program has produced. Ralph Friedgen, Frank Beamer, Mike Gottfried, Houston Nutt, and Ron Zook have all had their coaching careers run through the Murray State football program. There have been 10 players that have been selected as first team All-Americans and 21 second, third, and honorable mention All-Americans. The Murray State football program has won more than 400 games, the most decisive win coming in 1932 when Murray State beat the University of Louisville 105–0.[21]

Cinema

Murray has two movie theaters. The Cheri Theater has seven screens and shows nothing but first-run films. The Cheri was started in 1967 as a single-screen theater with seating for 600. There have been many additions and renovations throughout the years and in 1997, two 290 stadium seating auditoriums were added. In 2008, the theater upgraded its projectors to take advantage of Dolby 3D Technology.

The Curris Center Theater hosts Cinema International. The program is run through the department of modern languages at Murray State and is open, free of charge, to students and the public. Cinema International is open most weekends during regular university semesters. Around 18 shows per year showcase every film genre by directors around the world.

Education

The Murray Independent School system has been a part of the Murray community since 1872, when the first public school was built in the center of town. Murray's school system has an enrollment of over 1,800 students and is known for offering an excellent public education. There have been 35 National Merit Finalists since 1974. In 2006, the Murray High School test scores were ranked as being 9th in the state of Kentucky. Standard & Poor's recognized the Murray Independent school district as being one of only 18 Kentucky school districts as an outperforming school district. The athletic program competes in Kentucky High School Athletic Association (KHSAA) Class AA in football and class A in cross-country, and track, the only three sports in which the KHSAA divides schools into classes by enrollment. Other sports, most notably basketball, are conducted in a single-class format. The school system also covers numerous extra curricular activities, from band, arts, social clubs, and an academic team.[22][23]

Students from northern and western Murray attend schools in the Calloway County School District, while those from the rest of the city attend those in the Murray Independent school district.[24]

Higher education

Murray is the home of Murray State University, a four-year public university. The university was founded in 1922 as the Murray Normal School. The university today offers 11 associate, 64 bachelor, and 42 master's programs, and has an enrollment of over 10,000 students.[25]

Media

The only daily newspaper in the city of Murray is the Murray Ledger & Times. The Ledger was established in 1879[26] and has remained locally operated. The Ledger is printed six days per week and has a city/county circulation of around 7,200 papers per day.[27] The Ledger also has many out of city readers who receive their paper via mail. The Murray State News is a weekly, award-winning student produced newspaper that has become popular, not only with students, but with regular citizens of Murray. The paper features everything from campus news, sports, activities, and opinions.

Murray has four radio stations that reach audiences well beyond the city of Murray. The stations are:

Murray has two television stations: WKMU 21, the local transmitter for the statewide KET public television network, and WQTV, a CW affiliate associated with KFVS 12, the region's CBS affiliate in Cape Girardeau, Missouri. Other major network stations available in Murray are:

Infrastructure

Transportation

Roads

Other road projects in Murray are to include the widening of Kentucky 121 through the city of Murray. Over 12,000 cars travel that stretch of road per day.[30] There is also a downtown loop and four-lane bypass in the works to help relieve traffic congestion within the city.[31]

Airport

The airport in Murray is the Murray-Calloway County Airport. The airport, known as Kyle-Oakley Field, is a general aviation airport that features a 24-hour terminal and has a runway dimension of 6,200'x 100' and can handle up to a 60,000 lb (27,000 kg) dual-wheel aircraft. The call-sign for Kyle-Oakley Field is CEY.

MCTA

The Murray Calloway Transit Authority recently started the "Racer Routes" service that provides four public bus routes throughout Murray. It also has services for those who do not have a vehicle.

Rail

The KWT Railway starts one mile (1.6 km) north of Murray and travels south to Bruceton, Tennessee, where it connects with CSX railway that travels to Memphis and beyond.

Utilities

Electric service in the city of Murray is provided by the Murray Electric System. The electric system is locally owned and governed and gets all of its energy from the Tennessee Valley Authority. In turn, electric customers in Murray enjoy one of the lowest electric rates in the United States. The cost is around 7.2 cents per kilowatt hour.[32] In recent years, MES has branched out into telecommunications. It offers internet service with speeds of up to 12 Mbit/s, home telephone service, and digital cable television service.

Natural gas and water service falls under the city of Murray's Public Works department. The natural gas service has roughly 5,500 customers, in which 1,300,000 cubic feet (37,000 m3) is used per year.[33] The water system treats 1.3 billion gallons of water per year going through 105 miles (169 km) of water main piping. The current treatment plant was built in 1992 with a capacity of 7 million gallons per day. At current, the plant treats 3.6 million gallons per day. The Murray sewer treatment plant treats 4 million gallons of sewage per day and is connected with 122 miles (196 km) of sanitary sewer piping.[34][35]

Notable people

References

  1. 1 2 Kleber, John E., ed. (1992). "Murray". The Kentucky Encyclopedia. Lexington, Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 0-8131-1772-0.
  2. ↑ "Summary and Reference Guide to House Bill 331 City Classification Reform" (PDF). Kentucky League of Cities. Retrieved December 30, 2014.
  3. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  4. ↑ United States Census. "".
  5. 1 2 "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Murray city, Kentucky". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Retrieved August 5, 2014.
  6. 1 2 3 Dorothy and Kirby Jennings (1978). The Story of Calloway County 1822–1976. Murray, Kentucky: Murray Democrat Publishing Co.
  7. 1 2 3 Collins, Lewis (1924). History of Kentucky. John P. Morton and Company.
  8. ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  9. ↑ "Monthly Averages for Murray, KY". TWC. Retrieved November 10, 2011.
  10. ↑ "Weatherbase: Weather For Murray, Kentucky". Weatherbase. 2011. Retrieved on November 23, 2011.
  11. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Retrieved July 2, 2016.
  12. ↑ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  13. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  14. ↑ "Church Directory". Murray-Calloway County Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved 2007-07-26.
  15. ↑ "Church Directory". Murray-Calloway County Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved 2007-07-26.
  16. ↑ Murray-Calloway County Parks and Recreation
  17. ↑ 2007 Murray State Football Media Guide
  18. ↑ NCAA All-Time Winningest Teams
  19. ↑ Murray State Championships
  20. ↑ Joe Fulks Bio at NBA.com
  21. ↑ Murray State University Football Records Book
  22. ↑ Murray Independent Schools Overview
  23. ↑ Standard & Poor's Outperforming School Districts
  24. ↑ School district map
  25. ↑ Murray State University Quick Facts
  26. ↑ Murray Business & Industry
  27. ↑ Murray Ledger & Times City/County Circulation Numbers
  28. ↑ Teague, Hawkins (July 24, 2012). "City to begin its alcohol governance discussion". Murray Ledger & Times. Retrieved July 26, 2012.
  29. ↑ "TOURISM, ARTS & HERITAGE CABINET ECONOMIC IMPACT OF KENTUCKY'S TRAVEL AND TOURISM INDUSTRY – 2014 AND 2015" (PDF). Retrieved 22 May 2016.
  30. ↑ KY 121 Road-Widening Project
  31. ↑ List of Road Projects in Murray
  32. ↑ Murray Electric Residential Rates
  33. ↑ Murray Natural Gas Facts
  34. ↑ Murray Water Quick Facts
  35. ↑ Murray Sanitary Sewer System
  36. ↑ Hawk Taylor at SABR Baseball Biography Project
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