Nabor Vargas García

Nabor Vargas García
Born (1976-07-12) 12 July 1976
Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico
Other names Z-20
El Débora
Organization Mexican Army (1995–1999)
Los Zetas (2005–2007)
Criminal status Imprisoned at Altiplano
This name uses Spanish naming customs: the first or paternal family name is Vargas and the second or maternal family name is García.

Nabor Vargas García (born 12 July 1976) is a soldier-turned-drug trafficker who founded the Mexican criminal organization known as Los Zetas along with other ex-soldiers.

He joined the Mexican Army in the summer of 1995, and served at the Presidential Guard assault battalion unit at some point in his military career until he resigned in 1999. After not finding a job, Vargas García was recruited to work as a lieutenant for Los Zetas and the Gulf Cartel, a drug trafficking organization, in 2005. He eventually became one of the leading members in Los Zetas until he was arrested along with a kidnapping ring in 2007.

Criminal career

Nabor Vargas García was born in Pachuca, Hidalgo on 12 July 1976.[1] He joined the Mexican Army on 28 June 1995 but stepped down from active duty four years later on 1 July 1999, registering for the Army reserves. During his tenure in the Army, he had served at the Presidential Guard assault battalion.[2][3] After being unemployed for at least six years, Vargas García was recruited by Osiel Cárdenas Guillén, the former leader of the drug trafficking organization known as the Gulf Cartel. Vargas García later became one of the leading lieutenants and founders of the cartel's former muscle, Los Zetas.[4][5][6] During the late 1990s, several other members of the Mexican military deserted to form part of the Gulf Cartel and Los Zetas, and were given better payments than in the Armed Forces.[7]

While working in Los Zetas, Vargas García commanded a group of Zeta members in the Mexican states of Campeche, Tabasco, and Chiapas. He was a pioneer in smuggling narcotics for Los Zetas through this region of southern Mexico, and was able to create a pathway for illegal goods flowing from Cancún to Matamoros, Tamaulipas in the northeastern part of the country.[8][9] Vargas García worked for the drug lords Heriberto Lazcano Lazcano and Jorge Eduardo Costilla Sánchez after Cárdenas Guillén was extradited to the United States. He also controlled human trafficking rings of illegal aliens from Central America.[10]

He was also involved in several kidnappings in Campeche, including the abduction of four syndicate leaders of a petroleum company.[11]

In March 2010, the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) listed several drug traffickers, including Vargas García, on the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act (the "Kingpin Act"), which freezes all their assets in the U.S. and prohibits American companies from doing business with them.[12]

Arrest

The extinct Federal Preventive Police (PFP), the SIEDO agency and Office of the General Prosecutor (PGR), along with Mexican soldiers and the Campeche state police, arrested Vargas García and 20 kidnappers of the Gulf Cartel in Ciudad del Carmen on 18 April 2007.[13][14]

Vargas García, alias Z-20 and El Débora, is currently imprisoned at the Federal Social Readaptation Center No. 1 ("Altiplano") in central Mexico.[15][16] He had pending charges on drug trafficking, kidnapping, and for violating the Mexican federal law prohibiting the use of illegal weaponry.[17]

In fears of retaliation from organized crime, the sub attorney general of Campeche, Jorge Obrador Capellini, along with subdirector of security in the municipality, Néstor Hernández Domínguez, including four policemen, resigned from their duties several days after the arrest of Vargas García.[18] Exactly three months after the arrest on 18 July 2007, the municipal police chief of Ciudad del Carmen, Germán Soto López, was assassinated by unknown gunmen. His body was found dead by law enforcement with three gunshot wounds on his face inside a Chevrolet Tornado. The motives behind his death are unclear, but several local media outlets indicated that Soto López's assassination may be linked to the arrest of Vargas García.[19][20]

Informant role

After Vargas García was arrested, he became an informant for the Mexican authorities, and confessed several aspects of the logistics structure in Los Zetas. He explained to the authorities that Los Zetas employed a project called La Expansión, which meant in the insides of the criminal underworld when several members of Los Zetas would go into a city and establish smuggling routes, and control or kill off opposition groups. The second phase of this process was known as La Contracción, when they would set up networks of radiocommunication in an area, organize safe houses, and call on gunmen to protect specific places.[21]

He also confessed in 2007 that the Gulf Cartel and Los Zetas had several training camps in the states of Nuevo León and Tamaulipas, where their members would learn how to use assault rifles and received military training. This training intended to keep gunmen at a top level to ensure that the top leaders of the criminal organization were protected, secure drug shipments, and eliminate potential threats from rival gang members.[22]

Kingpin Act sanction

On 24 March 2010, the United States Department of the Treasury sanctioned Vargas García under the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act (sometimes referred to simply as the "Kingpin Act"), for his involvement in drug trafficking along with fifty-three other international criminals and ten foreign entities.[23] The act prohibited U.S. citizens and companies from doing any kind of business activity with him, and virtually froze all his assets in the U.S.[24]

See also

Sources

References

  1. ↑ "Recent OFAC Actions". Office of Foreign Assets Control. 24 March 2010. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
  2. ↑ Grayson 2012, p. 230.
  3. ↑ Sánchez, Alex (22 May 2007). "Mexico's Drug War: A Society at Risk – Soldiers versus Narco-Soldiers". Washington, D.C.: Council on Hemispheric Affairs. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
  4. ↑ Chim, Lorenzo (19 April 2007). "Capturan en Campeche al fundador de Los Zetas". La Jornada (in Spanish). Desarrollo de Medios, S.A. de C.V. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
  5. ↑ "Federales Contra Zetas". Zeta (magazine) (in Spanish). Choix Editores, S. de R.L. de C.V. 2007. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
  6. ↑ Riva Palacio, Raymundo (28 May 2007). "Guerra en el Golfo". El Universal (Mexico City) (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
  7. ↑ Grayson, George W. (May 2008). "Los Zetas: the Ruthless Army Spawned by a Mexican Drug Cartel". Foreign Policy Research Institute. Archived from the original on 26 January 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
  8. ↑ "Conferencia de Prensa: Nabor Vargas García" (in Spanish). Mexico City: Secretariat of Public Security. 18 April 2007. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
  9. ↑ Arrendondo, Félix (26 September 2010). "El epicentro del horror". Reporte Indigo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
  10. ↑ "Cae en Campeche fundador de Zetas". El Siglo de Torreón (in Spanish). Editora de la Laguna. 19 April 2007. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  11. ↑ Castillo, Gustavo (3 May 2007). "A disposición de jueces, 31 miembros del cártel del Golfo". La Jornada (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 28 January 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  12. ↑ "An overview of the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act (21 U.S.C. 1901-1908, 8 U.S.C. 1182) and Executive Order 12978 of October 21, 1995". Office of Foreign Assets Control. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  13. ↑ Pérez Courtade, Luis (18 April 2007). "Capturan a 20 integrantes del Cártel del Golfo". Esmas.com (in Spanish). Televisa. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  14. ↑ "Ejecuta a 3 el cártel del Golfo en Nuevo Laredo". La Jornada (in Spanish). Desarrollo de Medios, S.A. de C.V. 12 May 2007. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  15. ↑ "EL AMPF OBTIENE AUTO DE FORMAL PRISIÓN PARA NABOR VARGAS GARCÍA (A) "DÉBORA" Y 17 CÓMPLICES MÁS" (in Spanish). Mexico City: Attorney General of Mexico. 10 May 2007. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  16. ↑ "Auto de formal prisión, a siete presuntos zetas". Proceso (magazine) (in Spanish). Comunicación e Información, S.A. de C.V. 22 August 2007. Archived from the original on 28 January 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  17. ↑ "ARRAIGAN POR 90 DÍAS A PRESUNTO FUNDADOR DE "LOS ZETAS" EN CAMPECHE Y A 18 PRESUNTOS SECUESTRADORES" (in Spanish). Attorney General of Mexico. 22 April 2007. Archived from the original on 28 January 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  18. ↑ Chim, Lorenzo (26 April 2007). "Renuncian cinco agentes de Ciudad del Carmen por temor a ataque de Los Zetas". La Jornada (in Spanish). Desarrollo de Medios, S.A. de C.V. Archived from the original on 28 January 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  19. ↑ "Confirman ejecución de mando policiaco en Campeche". Terra Networks (in Spanish). 18 June 2007. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
  20. ↑ "Empieza la semana con 11 homicidios vinculados con el crimen organizado". La Jornada (in Spanish). 19 June 2007. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
  21. ↑ Osorno, Diego Enrique (16 August 2010). "La vida mercenaria en Tamaulipas". Milenio (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  22. ↑ Gómez, Francisco (20 October 2007). "Entrenan a 'zetas' en armas de alto poder". El Universal (Mexico City) (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  23. ↑ "DESIGNATIONS PURSUANT TO THE FOREIGN NARCOTICS KINGPIN DESIGNATION ACT" (PDF). United States Department of the Treasury. 15 May 2014. p. 11. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 May 2014. Retrieved 28 May 2014.
  24. ↑ "An overview of the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act" (PDF). United States Department of the Treasury. 2009. p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 May 2014. Retrieved 28 May 2014.

Bibliography

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