Philippine House of Representatives elections, 2010 (Central Luzon)

Philippine House of Representatives elections in Central Luzon, 2010
Philippines
May 10, 2010
21 seats of Central Luzon in the House of Representatives
  First party Second party Third party
 
Party Lakas-Kampi Liberal NPC
Seats won 14 2 2
Popular vote 1,990,304 686,391 500,752
Percentage 51.41% 17.73% 12.94%
  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Party Nacionalista Lapiang Manggagawa LDP
Seats won 1 1 1
Popular vote 206,164 76,928 60,440
Percentage 5.33% 1.99% 1.56%

Location of Central Luzon within the country.

Elections were held in Central Luzon for seats in the House of Representatives of the Philippines on May 10, 2010.

The candidate with the most number of votes won that district's seat for the 15th Congress of the Philippines.

Summary

Party Popular vote % Seats
won
Lakas-Kampi 1,990,304 51.41% 14
Liberal 686,391 17.73% 2
NPC 500,752 12.94% 2
Nacionalista 206,164 5.33% 1
Lapiang Manggagawa 76,928 1.99% 1
PDSP 71,284 1.84% 0
LDP 60,440 1.56% 1
PMP 59,714 1.54% 0
Bagumbayan-VNP 56,412 1.46% 0
PDP-Laban 14,807 0.38% 0
PGRP 12,053 0.31% 0
Bangon Pilipinas 7,150 0.18% 0
Independent 109,176 2.82% 0
Valid votes 3,871,129 93.03% 21
Invalid votes* 289,968 6.97%
Turnout* 4,161,097 73.31%
Registered voters 5,675,830 100.00%

*Total invalid votes and turnout not available for 1st district of Bulacan.

Aurora

Juan Edgardo Angara is the incumbent.

Philippine House of Representatives election at Aurora
Party Candidate Votes %
LDP Juan Edgardo Angara 60,440 80.63
Independent Teofilo Manlo 14,521 19.37
Valid ballots 74,961 87.42
Invalid or blank votes 10,785 12.58
Total votes 85,746 100.00
LDP hold

Bataan

1st District

Herminia Roman is the incumbent. At first, a minor issue erupted as to who would be the official candidate of Lakas-Kampi-CMD in the district: Roman or the governor's daughter, Maria Angela "Gila" Garcia. Based on the certificate of nomination submitted by both parties, it turned out that Governor Garcia, the provincial Lakas-Kampi chairman, nominated his daughter, while the coalition's central committee named Roman. In an en banc decision however, the Comelec later ruled that Roman is the official Lakas-Kampi-CMD candidate, making Garcia the independent one.

The result of the election is under protest in the House of Representatives Electoral Tribunal.[1]

Philippine House of Representatives election at Bataan's 1st district
Party Candidate Votes %
Lakas-Kampi Herminia Roman 80,400 51.27
Independent Maria Angela Garcia 76,428 48.73
Valid ballots 156,828 96.16
Invalid or blank votes 6,266 3.84
Total votes 163,094 100.00
Lakas-Kampi hold

2nd District

Albert Garcia is the incumbent.

Philippine House of Representatives election at Bataan's 2nd district
Party Candidate Votes %
Lakas-Kampi Albert Garcia 121,106 62.95
PDSP Maria Aurora Gonzales 71,284 37.05
Valid ballots 192,390 95.36
Invalid or blank votes 9,367 4.64
Total votes 201,757 100.00
Lakas-Kampi hold

Bulacan

Legislative districts of Bulacan, including San Jose del Monte.

Malolos was given its own congressional seat from Bulacan's 1st district by virtue of Republic Act 9591. However, the Supreme Court ruled it unconstitutional, saying it violated Article VI Section 5 (3) of the Constitution and Section 3 of the Ordinance attached to constitution; Malolos was ruled not to have exceeded the 250,000 population for a separate legislative district.[2]

In Bulacan, members of the same families will run against each other. Former governor Josie dela Cruz established the Del Pilar party (named after Gregorio del Pilar) as the local affiliate of the Liberal Party.[3]

1st District

Ma. Victoria Sy-Alvarado is the incumbent. She will face Roberto Pagdanganan.

Malolos was supposed to have its own representation in the House of Representatives, but was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court for the city did not have enough population to be given separate representation. However, the decision was done after ballots were printed for Malolos and the First District.[4] As such, the election for representative of Bulacan's 1st district would be invalid, "because the election will result in failure to elect since, in actuality, there are no candidates for the First Legislative District (with Malolos City) of Bulacan."[5]

The date an election for representative of Bulacan's 1st district including Malolos will be decided later by the Commission.[6] The Commission scheduled the special election, along with other special elections in Basilan and Lanao del Sur, which were delayed when teachers, who were the election supervisors, refused to sit as such due to violence, on September 25. However, the Commission postponed the elections for these areas to October 2.[7] However, due to the approval of contracts for Smartmatic-TIM, the supplier of the counting machines a few weeks prior to the special elections, the Commission decided to postpone the special elections to November 13.[8]

On May 10, with the ballots already printed with only Pagdanganan and Sy-Alvarado contesting the seat, voters had the option of "voting" but their votes would not be counted.

Philippine House of Representatives election at Bulacan's 1st district
Party Candidate Votes %
Lakas-Kampi Ma. Victoria Sy-Alvarado 118,486 71.38
Nacionalista Roberto Pagdanganan 47,515 28.62
Valid ballots 116,001 87.22
Invalid or blank votes 24,380 12.78
Total votes 190,331 100.00
Election deferred, to be held on November 13, 2010.

Special election

The COMELEC ruled that candidates that contested the Bulacan-1st and Malolos will contest the seat. Aniag and Domingo withdrew prior to the election, while independents Cruz and Valencia did not campaign.[9]

Philippine House of Representatives special election at Bulacan's 1st district[9]
Party Candidate Votes %
Lakas-Kampi Ma. Victoria Sy-Alvarado 95,625 68.77
Nacionalista Roberto Pagdanganan 41,658 29.96
Liberal Danilo Domingo (withdrew) 1,032 0.74
PMP Francisco Aniag (withdrew) 400 0.29
Independent Tomas Valencia 271 0.19
Independent Francisco Cruz 63 0.05
Total votes 139,049 100.00
Voter turnout 40.73%
Lakas-Kampi hold

2nd District

Pedro Pancho is the incumbent. He will face 2007 challenger and former three-term Guiguinto, Bulacan mayor Ambrosio "Boy" Cruz Jr.

Philippine House of Representatives election at Bulacan's 2nd district
Party Candidate Votes %
Lakas-Kampi Pedro Pancho 145,133 53.99
Liberal Ambrosio Cruz, Jr. 118,489 44.07
Independent Jimmy Villafuerte 5,215 1.94
Valid ballots 268,837 96.06
Invalid or blank votes 11,017 3.94
Total votes 279,854 100.00
Lakas-Kampi hold

3rd District

Incumbent Lorna Silverio is in her third consecutive term already and is ineligible for reelection. She will run for mayor of San Rafael and her husband, Ricardo Silverio, Sr. will run for her seat. His opponents are his son, Ricardo Silverio, Jr. and then incumbent governor of Bulacan, Joselito Mendoza.[3]

The result of the election is under protest in the House of Representatives Electoral Tribunal.[1]

Philippine House of Representatives election at Bulacan's 3rd district
Party Candidate Votes %
Liberal Joselito Mendoza 121,576 55.07
Lakas-Kampi Ricardo Silverio, Sr. 92,951 42.10
PMP Ricardo Silverio, Jr. 6,241 2.83
Valid ballots 220,768 95.14
Invalid or blank votes 11,270 4.86
Total votes 232,038 100.00
Liberal gain from Lakas-Kampi

4th District

Reylina Nicholas (Lakas-Kampi-CMD) is in her third consecutive term already and is ineligible for reelection.

Philippine House of Representatives election at Bulacan's 4th district
Party Candidate Votes %
Liberal Linabelle Villarica 178,643 81.01
Lakas-Kampi Salvador Pleyto 27,072 12.28
PDP-Laban Jovel Lopez 14,807 6.71
Valid ballots 220,522 90.06
Invalid or blank votes 24,337 9.94
Total votes 244,859 100.00
Liberal gain from Lakas-Kampi

Malolos

With the issue on Malolos' separate congressional district from Bulacan's 1st district resolved with finality,[4] an election will be scheduled to elect the representative for Bulacan's 1st district, including Malolos."[5][6]

With the ballots already printed with only the four candidates contesting the now voided seat, voters had the option of "voting" but their votes would not be counted.

Philippine House of Representatives election at Malolos
Party Candidate Votes %
Liberal Danilo Domingo 34,408 60.70
PMP Francisco Aniag 18,488 32.61
Independent Francisco Cruz 2,278 4.02
Independent Tomas Valencia 1,512 2.67
Valid ballots 56,686 68.90
Invalid or blank votes 25,584 15.74
Total votes 82,270 100.00
Election invalidated; election to be held as part of Bulacan–1st on November 13.

San Jose del Monte

San Jose del Monte is a component city of Bulacan. Arthur B. Robes is the incumbent.[3]

Philippine House of Representatives election at San Jose del Monte
Party Candidate Votes %
Lakas-Kampi Arthur B. Robes 98,888 82.11
Aksyon Oscar Robes 19,554 16.24
Independent Jesus D. Gonzales 1,255 1.04
Independent Rene Aveallanosa 732 0.61
Valid ballots 120,429 92.90
Invalid or blank votes 9,201 7.10
Total votes 129,630 100.00
Lakas-Kampi hold

Nueva Ecija

Legislative districts of Nueva Ecija.

Politics in Nueva Ecija will center on two political clans: the Josons and the Umalis. The Josons had ruled Nueva Ecija since after World War II, with anti-Japanese guerrilla leader Eduardo Joson serving from 1959 to 1992; Aurelio Umali ended the Josons' supremacy when he defeated four-time governor Tomas Joson III in 2007 via landslide. The Josons are the ones being shortlisted by local party Bagong Lakas ng Nueva Ecija (BALANE) for the provincial governorship, with first district representative Eduardo Nonato N. Joson, Eduardo's nephew vice governor Edward Thomas and Tomas III. Eduardo claimed that Umali's 2007 victory was a fluke. Umali's governance was seen as "worse than the Josons" and several local officials identified with Lakas Kampi CMD said they are willing to cross party lines to support the Eduardo.[10]

Umali first defeated a Joson when we wrestled the third district from now vice governor Edward Thomas in 2004. In 2007, Umali's wife Czarina also won at the third district as their representative. Umali created the local party Unang Sigaw, Partido ng Pagbabago as an answer to the Joson's BALANE.[11]

Joson's BALANE is affiliated with the Nationalist People's Coalition (NPC), while Umali's Unang Sigaw is affiliated with Lakas Kampi CMD.

1st District

Incumbent Eduardo Nonato N. Joson (independent) won't run to concentrate on bringing the Bagong Lakas ng Nueva Ecija party to power in the province. His sister Josefina is running as NPC's candidate.

Philippine House of Representatives election at Nueva Ecija's 1st district
Party Candidate Votes %
NPC Josefina Joson 107,202 53.37
Lakas-Kampi Renato Diaz 84,750 42.19
Liberal Richard Maliwat 6,388 3.18
PGRP Yolanda de Jesus 1,534 0.76
Independent Vitaliano Ugalde 998 0.50
Valid ballots 200,872 88.10
Invalid or blank votes 27,133 11.90
Total votes 228,005 100.00
NPC gain from Independent

2nd District

Joseph Violago is the incumbent.

Philippine House of Representatives election at Nueva Ecija's 2nd district
Party Candidate Votes %
Lakas-Kampi Joseph Violago 144,507 77.94
NPC Leopoldo Tomas 39,238 21.16
PGRP Clarita Mariano 1,655 0.89
Valid ballots 185,400 91.47
Invalid or blank votes 17,293 8.53
Total votes 202,693 100.00
Lakas-Kampi hold

3rd District

Wife of incumbent governor Aurelio Umali, Czarina Umali, is the incumbent. Her main opponent will be Eduardo Joson IV.

Philippine House of Representatives election at Nueva Ecija's 3rd district
Party Candidate Votes %
Lakas-Kampi Czarina Umali 135,374 62.05
NPC Eduardo Joson IV 81,855 37.52
PGRP Josie Salva Cruz 946 0.43
Valid ballots 218,175 93.55
Invalid or blank votes 15,038 6.45
Total votes 233,213 100.00
Lakas-Kampi hold

4th District

Rodolfo Antonio is the incumbent.

Philippine House of Representatives election at Nueva Ecija's 4th district
Party Candidate Votes %
Lakas-Kampi Rodolfo Antonino 138,691 60.76
PMP Antonio Esquivel 53,073 23.25
Nacionalista Julita Villareal 29,996 13.14
Liberal Joseph Lorenzo 6,510 2.85
Valid ballots 228,270 93.98
Invalid or blank votes 14,610 6.02
Total votes 242,880 100.00
Lakas-Kampi hold

Pampanga

1st District

Incumbent Carmelo Lazatin (Lakas Kampi CMD) will go up against Angeles councilor Ares Yabut (NPC) and businessman Luisito Bacani from the same city (independent).[12]

Philippine House of Representatives election at Pampanga 's 1st district
Party Candidate Votes %
Lakas-Kampi Carmelo Lazatin 156,619 79.34
NPC Ares Yabut 37,121 18.80
Independent Luisito Bacani 3,670 1.86
Valid ballots 197,410 88.79
Invalid or blank votes 24,924 11.21
Total votes 222,334 100.00
Lakas-Kampi hold

2nd District

The son of President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, Mikey Arroyo is the incumbent for two consecutive terms already. However, speculation was rife that President Arroyo herself will run in the district. The president is a registered voter of Lubao, the hometown of her father, president Diosdado Macapagal.

As early as late June 2009, several residents in the district had expressed optimism of having the president as their representative in Congress. The two most often cited reasons are her being a "kabalen" or Kapampangan descent, and being a generous benefactor to the district. The president had visited the district 13 times from February 24 to late June.[13] In November, all six mayors in the second district expressed clamor for her to run; University of the Philippines Diliman professor Randy David had said he would run against the president, but later backpedaled if the president will not step down from the presidency when she files her certificate of candidacy by Nov. 30.[14] In late November, the Pampanga Mayors League (PML) announced via Resolution 77, which was signed by 20 town mayors in a special session, urged the President to "heed the clamor from her constituency to run as second district representative in… Pampanga."[15]

Pampanga gubernatorial candidate and provincial board member Lilia Pineda, a known Arroyo ally, disclosed to the Philippine Star in an interview published November 28, 2009, that Arroyo will file her certificate of candidacy on November 30. Representative Arroyo, on the other hand, has apparently given way to his mother’s own congressional bid, Pineda said; meanwhile, professor David has backed out of the race.[16] On November 30, 2009, after much speculation, President Arroyo announced on the Philippine Broadcasting Service her congressional bid for the second district of Pampanga.[17] The president filed her certificate of candidacy on December 1, and her son Mikey retired from politics to give way for her mother to run. Only the Liberal Party is fielding a candidate against the president, with the Nacionalista Party and the United Opposition not fielding anyone. Meanwhile, Feliciano Serrano, an electronics engineer graduate of the University of Santo Tomas from Porac, also filed his own certificate of candidacy as an independent. Serrano will "campaign via text messages and the internet.[18] The Liberal Party did find a candidate in Adonis Simpao, a civic society leader from Guagua. Simpao, a graduate of Don Honorio Ventura College of Arts and Trade in Bacolor, had no plans of running, but then governor Eddie Panlilio persuaded him on the eve of the last day of filing of certificates of candidacies. The last candidate is independent Filipinas Rosario Dayrit Sampang of Porac.[19]

Representative Risa Hontiveros-Baraquel of the AKBAYAN party-list, who is running as one of the senatorial candidates of the Liberal Party, revealed that the president poured in 459 million pesos on infrastructure projects solely for the district. The president's political spokesperson Romulo Macalintal called Hontiveros' revelation "speculative" and baseless, pointing out that the president also had implemented infrastructure projects in places other than Pampanga. Hontiveros maintained that the president's spending in Pampanga was improper.[20]

The Commission on Elections (COMELEC)'s Second Division junked for "lack of merit" Baraquel's disqualification case against the president on January 28, 2010; it has also junked an earlier disqualification case on January 20. This clears the president's congressional campaign at Pampanga's second district.[21] Baraquel elevated the case to the Supreme Court.[22]

Lakas Kampi CMD leaders had said that they will field the president as Speaker of the Philippine House of Representatives; the ruling party has more than 100 incumbents running in the House elections, and a several running unopposed or by token opposition, Lakas-Kampi predicts an overwhelming number of their candidates will win their respective races, and that the president will have an easy time of being elected as speaker.[23]

Representative Arroyo himself has been courted by several party-list organizations to be their nominee in the party-list election. An Arroyo is a party-list representative: Maria Lourdes Tuason Arroyo-Lesaca of Kasangga.[24]

Philippine House of Representatives election at Pampanga's 2nd district
Party Candidate Votes %
Lakas-Kampi Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo 169,109 84.23
Liberal Adonis Simpao 20,922 10.42
Independent Rona Cea-Sampang 7,150 3.56
Independent Feliciano Serrano 3,586 1.79
Valid ballots 200,767 91.43
Invalid or blank votes 18,825 8.57
Total votes 219,592 100.00
Lakas-Kampi hold

3rd District

Aurelio Gonzales, Jr. is the incumbent.

The result of the election is under protest in the House of Representatives Electoral Tribunal.[1]

Philippine House of Representatives election at Pampanga's 3rd district
Party Candidate Votes %
Lakas-Kampi Aurelio Gonzales, Jr. 195,651 87.84
Liberal Jose Quiwa III 24,640 11.06
Independent Amado Santos 2,437 1.09
Valid ballots 222,728 93.25
Invalid or blank votes 16,134 6.75
Total votes 238,862 100.00
Lakas-Kampi hold

4th District

Anna York Bondoc is the incumbent. She will face perennial challenger and former Undersecretary Rene Maglanque, who enjoys the support of both the Liberal Party and the Nationalist People's Coalition.

Philippine House of Representatives election at Pampanga's 4th district
Party Candidate Votes %
Nacionalista Anna York Bondoc 134,510 61.05
NPC Rene Maglanque 85,816 38.95
Valid ballots 220,326 94.16
Invalid or blank votes 13,673 5.84
Total votes 233,999 100.00
Nacionalista hold

Tarlac

1st District

Incumbent Monica Prieto-Teodoro (Lakas-Kampi-CMD), wife of presidential candidate Gilberto Teodoro decided to quit politics to support her husband's bid for presidency. Representative Teodoro succeeded her husband as representative from the 1st district, and defeated cousin China Cojuangco in 2007.[25] Lakas Kampi CMD did not name a candidate in this district.

Philippine House of Representatives election at Tarlac's 1st district
Party Candidate Votes %
NPC Enrique Murphy Cojuangco 149,520 94.97
PGRP Efren Dancel Inocencio 7,918 5.03
Valid ballots 157,438 85.50
Invalid or blank votes 26,694 14.50
Total votes 184,132 100.00
NPC gain from Lakas-Kampi

2nd District

Incumbent Jose Villa Agustin Yap (Lakas Kampi CMD), who was supposed to run again for re-election, died on March 2, 2010. His daughter, Susan Yap-Sulit, will run for the election. The name of Jose Yap will remain in the ballot and will go to Susan Yap.[26]

Philippine House of Representatives election at Tarlac's 2nd district
Party Candidate Votes %
Lakas-Kampi Susan Yap-Sulit 124,190 63.78
Liberal Genaro Malvar Mendoza 70,522 36.22
Valid ballots 194,712 95.52
Invalid or blank votes 9,139 4.48
Total votes 203,851 100.00
Lakas-Kampi hold

3rd District

Jeci Aquino Lapus is the incumbent.

Philippine House of Representatives election at Tarlac's 3rd district
Party Candidate Votes %
Lakas-Kampi Jeci Aquino Lapus 82,093 55.43
Liberal Reynaldo Lopez Catacutan 65,997 44.57
Valid ballots 148,090 96.11
Invalid or blank votes 5,997 3.89
Total votes 154,087 100.00
Lakas-Kampi hold

Zambales

1st District

Mitos Magsaysay is the incumbent.

Philippine House of Representatives election at Zambales' 1st district
Party Candidate Votes %
Lakas-Kampi Mitos Magsaysay 89,754 61.41
Bagumbayan-VNP Anne Marie Gordon 56,412 38.59
Valid ballots 146,166 96.35
Invalid or blank votes 5,540 3.65
Total votes 151,706 100.00
Lakas-Kampi hold

2nd District

Antonio M. Diaz is the incumbent, although he switched parties from Lakas-Kampi-CMD to Lapiang Manggagawa.

Philippine House of Representatives election at Zambales' 2nd district
Party Candidate Votes %
Lapiang Manggagawa Antonio M. Diaz 76,928 49.00
Liberal Cheryl Deloso-Montalla 71,672 45.65
Lakas-Kampi Alfred Mendoza 8,391 5.34
Valid ballots 156,991 92.50
Invalid or blank votes 12,725 7.50
Total votes 169,716 100.00
Lapiang Manggagawa hold

References

  1. 1 2 3 Romero, Paolo (2010-07-16). "56 electoral cases filed before House of Representatives Electoral Tribunal". Philippine Star. Retrieved 2010-07-17.
  2. ↑ "Supreme Court: No new Malolos district". Philippine Star. 2010-01-28. Retrieved 2010-01-28.
  3. 1 2 3 Manny Galvez and RudY A. Fernandez (2009-12-07). "Aurora, Ecija voters tired of relatives running in tandem". Philippine Star. Retrieved 2010-01-30.
  4. 1 2 Punay, Edu (2010-03-10). "It's final: No Malolos district". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 2010-05-31.
  5. 1 2 "RESOLUTION No. 8771". Commission on Elections. 2010-02-22. Retrieved 2010-05-31.
  6. 1 2 Tan, Kimberly Jane (2010-04-19). "Bulacan to have special election after May 10". GMANews.tv. Retrieved 2010-05-31.
  7. ↑ "Special polls in parts of Bulacan, Basilan, Lanao Sur moved to Oct". GMANews.tv. 2010-08-03. Retrieved 2010-11-11.
  8. ↑ Calonzo, Andreo (2010-09-22). "Special polls in Bulacan, Basilan, Lanao Sur reset anew". GMANews.tv. Retrieved 2010-11-11.
  9. 1 2 Balobo, Dino (2010-11-15). "Alvarado defeats Pagdanganan in Bulacan special polls". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 2010-11-15.
  10. ↑ Galvez, Manny (2009-03-24). "Umali-Joson showdown seen in 2010 Ecija gubernatorial race". Philippine Star. Retrieved 2010-02-14.
  11. ↑ "Umali, Joson battle for Ecija supremacy". Philippine Daily Inquirer. 2009-12-22. Retrieved 2010-02-14.
  12. ↑ Dematera, Cat (2009-11-21). "Early bird candidates, unknowns file COCs". Philippine Star. Retrieved 2010-02-19.
  13. ↑ Orejas, Tonette (2009-06-28). "Several 'kabalen' back Arroyo house bid". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
  14. ↑ Cayabyab, Charlene (2009-11-01). "Six Pampanga mayors clamor for Arroyo in House". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
  15. ↑ Orejas, Tonette (2009-11-26). "Pampanga mayors set stage for Arroyo candidacy". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
  16. ↑ Cervantes, Ding (2009-11-28). "Pineda: GMA to file COC for Congress on Monday". Philippine Star. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
  17. ↑ "Arroyo to run for Congress". Philippine Daily Inquirer. 2009-12-31. Retrieved 2009-11-30.
  18. ↑ Ding Cervantes and Paolo Romero (2009-12-02). "GMA files COC in Pampanga". Philippine Star. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
  19. ↑ Cervantes, Ding (2009-12-03). "Liberal Party fields bet vs GMA". Philippine Star. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
  20. ↑ "Nothing wrong in Arroyo's P459-million projects in Pampanga, Palace says". GMANews.tv. 2010-01-08. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
  21. ↑ Alave, Kristine (2010-01-28). "Comelec junks 2nd attempt to stop Arroyo's run for House". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
  22. ↑ Sisante, Johanna Camille (2010-01-28). "SC asked to nix Arroyo Congress bid". GMANews.TV. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
  23. ↑ Diaz, Jess (2010-02-15). "Lakas to field GMA as bet for Speaker". Philippine Star.
  24. ↑ Abella, Jerrie (2010-02-19). "Mikey Arroyo's bid undermines party-list system, group says". GMANews.tv.
  25. ↑ "Ex-model Nikki Teodoro to quit politics". ABS-CBNNews.com. 2009-12-02. Retrieved 2010-02-14.
  26. ↑ http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/regions/03/02/10/rep-aping-yap-succumbs-cancer
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