Portunidae

Portunidae
Liocarcinus depurator
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Infraorder: Brachyura
Superfamily: Portunoidea
Family: Portunidae
Rafinesque, 1815 [1]
Subfamilies
  • Caphyrinae Guérin, 1832
  • Carcininae MacLeay, 1838
  • Carupinae Paul'son, 1875
  • Podophthalminae Dana, 1851
  • Polybiinae Ortmann, 1893
  • Portuninae Rafinesque, 1815
  • Thalamitinae Paul'son, 1875

Portunidae is a family of crabs which contains the swimming crabs.

Description

Portunid crabs are characterised by the flattening of the fifth pair of legs into broad paddles, which are used for swimming.[2] This ability, together with their strong, sharp claws, allows many species to be fast and aggressive predators.[2]

Examples

Its members include many well-known shoreline crabs, such as the European shore crab (Carcinus maenas), blue crab (Callinectes sapidus), velvet crab (Necora puber) and lady crab (Ovalipes ocellatus). Two genera in the family are contrastingly named Scylla and Charybdis; the former contains the economically important species black crab (Scylla serrata) and Scylla paramamosain.

Taxonomy

The circumscription of the family varies, with some authors treating "Carcinidae", "Catoptridae" and "Macropipidae" as separate families,[1] and others considering them subfamilies of a wider Portunidae.[3] Swimming crabs reach their greatest species diversity in the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

Extinct genera are marked with an obelisk.

Caphyrinae Guérin, 1832
  • Caphyra Guérin, 1832
  • Coelocarcinus Edmondson, 1930
  • Lissocarcinus Adams & White, 1849
  • Mioxaiva † Müller, 1978
Carcininae MacLeay, 1838
  • Carcinus Leach, 1814
  • Cicarnus † Karasawa & Fudouji, 2000
  • Echinolatus Davie & Crosnier, 2006
  • Miopipus † Müller, 1984
  • Portumnus Leach, 1814
  • Xaiva MacLeay, 1838
Carupinae Paul’son, 1875
  • Carupa Dana, 1851
  • Catoptrus A. Milne-Edwards, 1870
  • Libystes A. Milne-Edwards, 1867
  • Neptocarcinus † Lőrenthey, 1898
  • Rakosia † Müller, 1984
  • Richerellus Manning & Felder, 1989
Podophthalminae Dana, 1851
  • Euphylax Stimpson, 1860
  • Podophthalmus Lamarck, 1801
  • Psygmophthalmus † Schweitzer, Iturralde-Vinent, Hetler & Velez-Juarbe, 2006
  • Sandomingia † Rathbun, 1919
  • Saratunus † Collins, Lee & Noad, 2003
  • Viaophthalmus † Karasawa, Schweitzer & Feldmann, 2008
Polybiinae Ortmann, 1893
  • Bathynectes Stimpson, 1871
  • Benthochascon Alcock & Anderson, 1899
  • Boschettia † Busulini, Tessier, Beschin & De Angeli, 2003
  • Brusinia Števčić, 1991
  • Coenophthalmus A. Milne-Edwards, 1879
  • Falsiportunites † Collins & Jakobsen, 2003
  • Gecchelicarcinus † Beschin, Busulini, De Angeli & Tessier, 2007
  • Liocarcinus Stimpson, 1871
  • Macropipus Prestandrea, 1833
  • Maeandricampus † Schweitzer & Feldmann, 2002
  • Megokkos † Schweitzer & Feldmann, 2000
  • Minohellenus † Karasawa, 1990
  • Necora Holthuis, 1987
  • Nectocarcinus A. Milne-Edwards, 1860
  • Ophthalmoplax † Rathbun, 1935
  • Ovalipes Rathbun, 1898a
  • Parathranites Miers, 1886
  • Pleolobites † Remy, 1960
  • Polybius Leach, 1820
  • Pororaria † Glaessner, 1980
  • Portufuria † Collins, Schulz & Jakobsen, 2005
  • Portunites † Bell, 1858
  • Proterocarcinus † Feldmann, Casadío, Chirino-Gálvez & Aguirre-Urreta, 1995
  • Raymanninus Ng, 2000
  • Rhachiosoma † Woodward, 1871
Portuninae Rafinesque, 1815
  • Acanthoportunus † Schweitzer & Feldmann, 2002
  • Arenaeus Dana, 1851
  • Atoportunus Ng & Takeda, 2003
  • Callinectes Stimpson, 1860
  • Carupella Lenz in Lenz & Strunck, 1914
  • Colneptunus † Lőrenthey in Lőrenthey & Beurlen, 1929
  • Cronius Stimpson, 1860
  • Euronectes † Karasawa, Schweitzer & Feldmann, 2008
  • Laleonectes Manning & Chace, 1990
  • Lupella Rathbun, 1897
  • Lupocyclus Adams & White, 1849
  • Necronectes † A. Milne-Edwards, 1881
  • Portunus Weber, 1795
  • Pseudoachelous † Portell & Collins, 2004
  • Rathbunella † Collins in Collins, Portell & Donovan, 2009
  • Sanquerus Manning, 1989
  • Scylla De Haan, 1833
Thalamitinae Paul’son, 1875
  • Charybdis De Haan, 1833
  • Eocharybdis † Beschin, Busulini, De Angeli & Tessier, 2002
  • Gonioinfradens Leene, 1938
  • Thalamita Latreille, 1829
  • Thalamitoides A. Milne-Edwards, 1869
incertae sedis
  • Enoplonotus † A. Milne-Edwards, 1860
  • Neptunus † de Haan 1839

References

  1. 1 2 Sammy De Grave; N. Dean Pentcheff; Shane T. Ahyong; et al. (2009). "A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. Suppl. 21: 1–109.
  2. 1 2 P. J. F. Davie (2002). "Portunidae". Crustacea: Malocostraca: Eucarida (Part 2), Decapoda: Anomura, Brachyura. Volume 19 of Zoological catalogue of Australia, Australia. CSIRO Publishing. pp. 442–446. ISBN 978-0-643-05677-0.
  3. ↑ Peter K. L. Ng, Danièle Guinot & Peter J. F. Davie (2008). "Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant Brachyuran crabs of the world" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 17: 1–286.
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