Redmond Burke

Redmond Burke
Born (1958-11-04) November 4, 1958
Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
Education

Stanford University and

Harvard Medical School
Occupation Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgeon

Redmond P. Burke video(born 4 November 1958) is a congenital heart surgeon,[1] innovator, software developer, author, inventor, and founder of The Congenital Heart Institute at Miami Children's Hospital in Miami, Florida. He starred in the ABC pilot television show The Miracle Workers.[2][3] Burke has been recognized as one of the world's most innovative surgeons,[4] and for his use of information technology to improve surgical outcomes.[5]

Biography

Redmond Burke was born in Honolulu, Hawaii to a US Navy flight navigator, Redmond Joseph Burke, and his wife Claire Lorraine Burke, both from San Francisco, California. In 1995, he married Kim Horstman, a registered nurse from Strongsville, Ohio, and they have three daughters. Olivia, Noelle, and Grace. Olivia, 18, is an elite soccer player, who won the Penny Matthews Award in 2016 at Ransom Everglades High School, for community service and athletic excellence. Noelle, 16, is a 2010 AAU National Gymnastics Champion. Grace, 12, is a team captain, and championship winning soccer player for the Miami Premier Soccer Club.

Burke and his three younger sisters, Alannah Radke, Claire Chinn, and Christine Jaeger, grew up in Cupertino, California. He was educated in public schools - Portal Elementary School, John F. Kennedy Junior High School, and Monta Vista High School, where he co-captained the varsity wrestling and Championship football teams, and won the Outstanding Wrestler award at the Central Coast Section Championships in 1976. To train for the California State Championships, Burke practiced with future Olympic and World Champion wrestler, Dave Schultz. Schultz took fourth place at 138 pounds, and Burke placed fifth at 165 pounds, in the California State Wrestling Championships that year.[6] Shultz's life was the subject of a 2014 American biographical drama film, Foxcatcher, co-produced and directed by Bennett Miller. Burke's influential coaches included Patrick Lovell, Ron Edwards, Dave Vierra, Rudy Lapera, and Duane "Buck" Shore.

Accepted at Yale University, Brown University and Dartmouth College, he attended Stanford University, majoring in Human Biology. Notable instructors included Nobel Prize winners, Linus Pauling in biochemistry and Arthur Schawlow in physics. He walked on and made the Stanford Varsity Football team as a freshman under NFL Hall of Fame Coach Jack Christiansen. Burke co-captained the varsity rugby team, touring New Zealand and Canada, where he played wing forward. He graduated with Honors and Distinction, with election to the Phi Beta Kappa honor society.

Burke attended medical school at Harvard University from 1980 to 1984.[7] Influential instructors included Hardy Hendren, Paul Buttenweiser, Judah Folkman, and Nobel Prize winner Baruj Benacerraf. Nicholas Tilney taught a course in aseptic surgical technique to Harvard Medical students, and was a remarkable mentor. Burke was a student observer for the first heart transplants in New England, performed by Professor John J. Collins, at the Brigham and Women's Hospital.

Burke was selected for General Surgical Residency Training at the Brigham and Women's Hospital, under then Surgeon in Chief, John A. Mannick MD, Mosely Professor of Surgery at Harvard Medical School. The Brigham surgical training philosophy was "see one, do one, teach one." The intense five-year program was notable for a rigorous call schedule - every other night in the hospital - with routine 120-hour work weeks. Notable instructors included Nobel Prize Winner Joseph Murray, who performed the world’s first kidney transplant, and David J. Sugarbaker, who performed the first lung transplants at the Brigham and Women's Hospital.

In 1989, after completing General Surgery training at the Brigham, and in preparation for cardiac surgery training, Burke spent a year as a research fellow at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, in the Spectroscopy Laboratory, under Michael Stephen Feld, PhD. Burke developed the idea that Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy could be used to diagnose rejection in transplanted cardiac tissue, thereby avoiding the need for traumatic biopsies.

Burke was selected for Cardiac Surgery Training at the Brigham and Women's Hospital, under Program Director Lawrence H. Cohn, a gifted technical surgeon, and brilliant mentor. He spent six months as the Chief Resident in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery under Professor Aldo Castaneda, and attending surgeons, Richard Jonas, John Mayer, and Frank Hanley. When Dr Hanley accepted the position of Chief of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery at the University of California in San Francisco, Burke was offered his position, and he joined the Children's Hospital Boston attending staff in 1992, becoming an Instructor in Surgery at the Harvard Medical School.

Boston

Castaneda encouraged Burke to develop a research interest. He explored the possibility of using endoscopic surgical techniques for congenital heart surgery, designing instruments and techniques in the laboratory. He began clinical applications in 1993, subsequently performing a series of surgical firsts, including the world's first endoscopic vascular ring division, diaphragm plication, and thoracic duct ligation.[8][9][10] Burke became a recognized expert in the field of minimally invasive pediatric cardiac surgery.[11] He developed thoracoscopic surgical instruments with engineers from Pilling Weck, Inc.[12] Burke and Craig Lillehei, an attending pediatric surgeon, also performed the first three pediatric Heart-Lung Transplantations in New England,[13] with the help of colleagues from the Brigham and Women’s Hospital including Malcolm Decamp, and Sari Aranki. In early 1995, Dr Castaneda retired, and Burke was invited to interview for a position as Chief of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery at Miami Children's Hospital in Miami, Florida.

PEDIATRIC CARDIAC SURGERY PIONEERED BY/ INSTITUTION REFERENCE SOURCE
First Minimally Invasive Repair of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in the United States

1993

 Burke

at Children’s Hospital Boston

 [14]
World's First Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Vascular Ring Division

1993

 Burke

at Children’s Hospital Boston

 [15]
World's First Video-assisted thoracoscopic thoracic duct ligation

1994

 Burke

at Children’s Hospital Boston

 [16]

Miami

At the age of 36, Burke became the Chief of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery at Miami Children's Hospital.[17] Building on lessons learned in Boston and Silicon Valley, his program was designed around two key principles:

  1. Reduce the trauma of care for each patient over their lifetime.
  2. Leverage the power of information technology to improve medical outcomes.

Reducing surgical trauma

In an effort to reduce cumulative therapeutic trauma, the Miami team unified the efforts of cardiac surgeons and interventional cardiologists, attempting to develop less invasive treatments for a broad range of congenital heart defects. Beginning in 1996, Burke and the interventional cardiology team at Miami Children's Hospital published a series of hybrid approaches, where the surgeons operated in the catheterization laboratory, and the cardiologists performed interventions in the operating room.[18] Many of these procedures utilized the video assisted thoracoscopic techniques Burke developed in Boston.

Burke and associate surgeon Robert Hannan worked with their Director of Perfusion, Jorge W. Ojito, to develop a less traumatic cardiopulmonary bypass technique.[19] They also designed a miniaturized Cardiopulmonary Support circuit, allowing critically ill patients to be transported by plane, helicopter or ambulance over great distances on full heart lung bypass. In 2007, Burke and Zahn, at Miami Children's partnered with cardiac teams in Boston and New York in the first US trial of the Medtronic Melody Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve, which allowed patients with pulmonary valve disease to have their valves replaced without surgery.[20] Burke performed the first open tricuspid valve replacement on a patient with a transcatheter valve after the patient developed severe early onset endocarditis in his Melody Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve in the Tricuspid position. The patient subsequently did well after surgical tricuspid valve replacement.

PEDIATRIC CARDIAC SURGERY PIONEERED BY/ INSTITUTION REFERENCE SOURCE
Extracardiac Fontan Operation Without Cardiopulmonary Bypass

1997

 Burke and Jacobs

at Miami Children's Hospital

 [21]
Video-Assisted Surgery/Interventional Catheterization

1997

 Burke and Zahn

at Miami Children's Hospital

 [22]
Endoscopic Left Ventricular Thrombectomy

1998

 Burke

at Miami Children's Hospital

 [23]
Tracheal Homograft Transplant

1998

 Burke and Jacobs

at Miami Children's Hospital

 [24]
Minimally Invasive Diaphragm Surgery

1998

 Burke

at Miami Children's Hospital

 [25]
Ross Operation in an Infant Jehovah’s Witness Patient Without Blood

1999

 Burke, Hannan, Miyaji, and Ojito

at Miami Children's Hospital

 [26]
Rapid Airborne Cardiopulmonary Bypass Rescue Team

2000

 Burke, Hannan, and Ojito

at Miami Children's Hospital

 [27]
Endoscopic Repair of Subaortic Membrane

2000

 Burke

at Miami Children’s Hospital

 [28]
Single Ventricle Palliation for Conjoined Twins

2005

 Burke and Tirrota

at Miami Children’s Hospital

 [29]
Novel Repair for Anomalous Coronary Artery after Sudden Death

2006

 Burke

at Miami Children’s Hospital

 [30]
Thoracoscopic Approach to Patent Ductus Arteriosus

2008

 Burke

at Miami Children’s Hospital

 [31]
Congenital cardiac surgery without routine placement of wires for temporary pacing

2008

 Burke, Hannan, and Fishberger

at Miami Children's

 [32]
Hybrid Palliation of Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular Septum

2009

 Burke, Hannan, and Zahn

at Miami Children's Hospital

 [33]
New approach to interstage care for palliated high-risk patients with congenital heart disease

2011

 Burke, Dobrolet, and Zahn

at Miami Children's

 [34]
The Fontan Operation: The Pursuit of Associated Lesions and Cumulative Trauma

2011

 Burke, Hannan, and Zahn

at Miami Children's Hospital

 [35]
Tricuspid Valve Replacement with Extracellular Matrix Sleeve for Ebstein's Anomaly

2012

 Burke

at Miami Children's Hospital

 [36]

Information technology

When Burke arrived in Miami in 1995, he hired Jeffrey A. White to act as a technology advisor, working with the heart team to find and develop applications of information technology to improve medical outcomes.[37] This collaboration resulted in a relational database for congenital heart surgery, a web-based information system for a medical team, and web based reporting of medical outcomes in real time. The web-based information system enabled a unique form of rounds, which they called "internet rounds," enabling information exchange and clinical decision making over the Internet.[38] Beginning in 2002, Burke's surgical team started continuously measuring and reporting their surgical outcomes on the web. In 2006, Burke and White collaborated with IBM to create a voice activated medical information system for use in hands free hospital environments, like the operating room, allowing the surgeons to access critical information from their electronic medical records with voice activated commands.[39] In 2007, Burke and his team enabled patients and families to access their electronic medical record, also known as a personal health record, any time, anywhere, with any web enabled device.[40] In 2013, Burke's team was selected for the Google Glass Explorer program after presenting a YouTube video [41] demonstrating how they intended to "heal with Glass". Their proposal was recognized in several IT publications including PC Magazine.[42] In 2015, the heart team used a 3D printed model of a child's heart and lungs to design a novel repair for complex total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. The operation was successful, and generated worldwide media coverage.[43] In 2016, an "inoperable" patient with a single lung and hypoplastic left heart syndrome was referred to Nicklaus Children's Hospital. Using Google Cardboard as a Virtual Reality Viewer, a novel operation was planned and performed successfully. This unique synthesis of technology and surgery was recognized worldwide.[44][45][46]

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PIONEERED BY/ INSTITUTION REFERENCE
Relational Database for Congenital Heart Surgery

1995

 Burke, Jacobs J, Jacobs H, and White

at Miami Children's Hospital

 [47]
Palm Application for Pediatric Heart Surgery

2001

 White and Burke

at Miami Children's Hospital

 [48][49]
Internet Based Information Management System for a Congenital Heart Team

2002

 White and Burke

At Miami Children's Hospital

 [50]
Real Time Web based Medical Outcomes Reporting

2002

 Burke, White and Walsh

At Miami Children’s Hospital

 [51]
Voice Recognition Database for an Operating Room

2006

 Burke and White

At Miami Children’s Hospital

 [52]
The Congenital Heart Surgery Video Project on YouTube

2008

 Burke, Lorenzo, Wilner

At Miami Children’s Hospital

 [53]
Transforming patient and family access to medical information: utilisation patterns of a patient-accessible electronic health record

2010

 Burke, Hannan, and White

at Miami Children's Hospital

 [54]
Google Glass applications for Pediatric Heart Surgery

2013

 Burke

At Miami Children’s Hospital

 [55]
3D Printing for Congenital Heart Repair

2015

 Burke, Muniz, Balli, Hannan

At Miami Children’s Hospital

 [56]
Google Cardboard Virtual Reality Imaging for Congenital Heart Repair

2016

 Burke, Muniz, Rhodes

At Nicklaus Children’s Hospital

 [57]

The Congenital Heart Institute

In 2002, the Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children in Orlando, Florida lost their congenital heart program. Burke initiated meetings with hospital administrator Janet Livingstone, CEO John Hillenmeyer, and Medical Director Mark Swanson MD, proposing that the Miami Children’s Cardiac Team help rebuild the Arnold Palmer Heart Program.[58] Arnold Palmer, the hospital's founder, approved of the plan, and used his considerable influence to finance the effort. The Congenital Heart Institute at Miami Children's Hospital and Arnold Palmer Hospital was created, with Redmond Burke and Evan Zahn acting as Co-Directors. The synthesis of Burke's work was to achieve resonance within a congenital heart team, a condition where every member of the team was driven by a common desire to reduce therapeutic trauma.[59] To attain this resonance, the team continues to develop techniques in intensive care, information management, interventional catheterization, and minimally invasive surgery. The human side of Burke's congenital heart team at Miami Children's Hospital has been described in parent's websites,[60] and in the media.[61]

Television

Burke was cast as the host of the ABC network television reality program Miracle Workers, which first aired March 6, 2006.[62] The program followed patients through complex medical treatments, showing the technical and emotional aspects of modern medical care.[63] The program was controversial, as it potentially induced patients to give up their privacy in return for excellent medical care. Reviews were mixed, some finding the program "inspirational and informative" [64] and others finding the emotional content to be inappropriate. Burke wrestled with the ethical conflicts of a medical reality TV show. Burke has appeared on CNN (1996),[65] Good Morning America (1997, 2006),[66] The Today Show (1997), CNN Showbiz Tonight (March 8, 2006),[67] Extra (2006) and Entertainment Tonight (1996) to describe novel medical achievements. Citrix, an international computer networking company, used Redmond Burke's experience with information technology to highlight their concept of on demand information - "for your life's work".[68] Creative media teams have developed compelling connections between the Miami Children's Hospital Congenital Heart Surgery Team, and innovations in Information Technology. [69]

Honors

Patents

References

  1. ↑ Ctsnet
  2. ↑ "TV Guide Redmond Burke".
  3. ↑ Shelton, Robyn (Feb 19, 2004). OrlandoSentinel.com "Hospital Can Care for little hearts; Arnold Palmer has a new plan to build its pediatric heart program in Orlando" Check |url= value (help). Orlando Sentinel.
  4. ↑ Burke, Redmond. "20 Most Innovative Pediatric Surgeons Alive Today". Top Masters In Healthcare Administration. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
  5. ↑ https://vimeo.com/60299318
  6. ↑ Burke, Redmond. "The California Wrestler". CA wrestling. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
  7. ↑ Burke, Redmond. "Redmond P. Burke, MD Profile". Research Gate. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  8. ↑ Burke, Redmond (March 1995). "Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Vascular Ring Division in Infants and Children". Pediatric Cardiology. 25 (4): 943–947. doi:10.1016/0735-1097(94)00461-x.
  9. ↑ Burke, Redmond (1998). "Minimally Invasive Diaphragm Plication in an Infant". Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 65: 842–844. Retrieved 5 December 2014.
  10. ↑ Burke, Redmond (March 1995). "Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for congenital heart disease". The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 109 (3): 409–508. Retrieved 5 December 2014.
  11. ↑ Burke, Redmond. "Minimally invasive pediatric cardiac surgery". Current Opinion in Cardiology. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
  12. ↑ "U.S. Food and Drug Administration".
  13. ↑ Burke, Redmond. "2012 Pediatric Research Facts" (PDF). Heart.org. American Heart Association. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
  14. ↑ Burke RP, Wernovsky G, van der Velde M, Hansen D, Castaneda AR (March 1995). "Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for congenital heart disease". The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 109 (3): 499–507; discussion 508. doi:10.1016/S0022-5223(95)70281-4. PMID 7877311.
  15. ↑ Burke RP, Chang AC (September 1993). "Video-assisted thoracoscopic division of a vascular ring in an infant: a new operative technique". Journal of Cardiac Surgery. 8 (5): 537–40. doi:10.1111/j.1540-8191.1993.tb00409.x. PMID 8219533.
  16. ↑ Mihalka J, Burrows FA, Burke RP, Javorski JJ (October 1994). "One-lung ventilation during video-assisted thoracoscopic ligation of a thoracic duct in a three-year-old child". Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. 8 (5): 559–62. doi:10.1016/1053-0770(94)90170-8. PMID 7803747.
  17. ↑ Burke, Redmond. "Dr. Redmond Burke Profile". Miami Children's Hospital. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
  18. ↑ Burke, Redmond; Stanfill, Robert; Osoria, Sandra; Whalen, Ruby; Zhan, Evan (May 2008). "Stent implantation is effective treatment of vascular stenosis in young infants with congenital heart disease: Acute implantation and long-term follow-up results". Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions. 71 (6): 831–841. doi:10.1002/ccd.21526. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
  19. ↑ Burke, Redmond; Hannan, Robert; Ojito, Jorge. "EXTRACORPOREAL BLOOD CIRCUIT FOR CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS". Justia. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
  20. ↑ Burke, Redmond; Zhan, Evan. "Medtronic Announces First US Implant of Its Melody Transcatheter Valve for Patients with Congenital Heart Disease". The Free Library. Business Wire. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
  21. ↑ Burke RP, Jacobs JP, Ashraf MH, Aldousany A, Chang AC; Jacobs; Ashraf; Aldousany; Chang (April 1997). "Extracardiac Fontan operation without cardiopulmonary bypass". The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 63 (4): 1175–7. doi:10.1016/S0003-4975(97)00191-4. PMID 9124936.
  22. ↑ "New heart technique rescues girl, wins raves surgeon uses tiny video camera to guide colleague repairing damaged artery". Chicago Tribune. Dec 24, 1997.
  23. ↑ Mazza IL, Jacobs JP, Aldousany A, Chang AC, Burke RP (July 1998). "Video-assisted cardioscopy for left ventricular thrombectomy in a child". The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 66 (1): 248–50. doi:10.1016/S0003-4975(98)00366-X. PMID 9692476.
  24. ↑ Jacobs JP, Quintessenza JA, Andrews T, et al. (September 1999). "Tracheal allograft reconstruction: the total North American and worldwide pediatric experiences". The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 68 (3): 1043–51; discussion 1052. doi:10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00878-4. PMID 10510005.
  25. ↑ Van Smith C, Jacobs JP, Burke RP (March 1998). "Minimally invasive diaphragm plication in an infant". The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 65 (3): 842–4. doi:10.1016/S0003-4975(98)00008-3. PMID 9527232.
  26. ↑ Miyaji K, Hannan RL, Ojito JW, White JA, Burke RP (March 2000). "The Ross operation in a Jehovah's Witness: a paradigm for heart surgery in children without transfusion". The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 69 (3): 935–7. doi:10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01405-8. PMID 10750791.
  27. ↑ Ojito JW, McConaghey T, Jacobs JP, Burke RP (June 1997). "Rapid pediatric cardiopulmonary support system". The Journal of Extra-corporeal Technology. 29 (2): 96–9. PMID 10168538.
  28. ↑ Miyaji K, Hannan RL, Ojito JW, White JA, Burke RP (April 2000). "Minimally invasive resection of congenital subaortic stenosis". The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 69 (4): 1273–5. doi:10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01536-2. PMID 10800843.
  29. ↑ Tirotta CF, Lagueruela R, Munro HM, Zahn EM, Lopez L, Burke RP (July 2005). "Anesthetic management of conjoined twins presenting for palliative open-heart surgery". Anesthesia and Analgesia. 101 (1): 44–7, table of contents. doi:10.1213/01.ANE.0000153504.05295.15. PMID 15976204.
  30. ↑ Lopez L, Mercer-Rosa L, Zahn EM, Altman NR, Dubois R, Burke RP (August 2006). "The "hinge-twist" technique for anomalous origin of the left coronary artery". The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 82 (2): e19–21. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2006.05.018. PMID 16863730.
  31. ↑ Burke, Redmond (29 Feb 2008). "Thoracoscopic Approach to Patent Ductus Arteriosus". Operative Techniques in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 12 (4): 250–256. doi:10.1053/j.optechstcvs.2007.11.002.
  32. ↑ Fishberger, Steve; Anthony Rossi; Juan Bolivar; Leo Lopez; Robert Hannan; Redmond Burke (31 Oct 2007). "Congenital cardiac surgery without routine placement of wires for temporary pacing". Cardiology in the Young. 18 (01). doi:10.1017/S1047951107001424.
  33. ↑ Burke, Redmond; Robert Hannan; Jennifer Zabinsky; Christopher Tirotta; Evan Zahn (2009). "Hybrid Ventricular Decompression in Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Septum". The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 88: 688–689. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2008.11.063.
  34. ↑ Dobrolet, Nancy; Jo Ann Nieves; Elizabeth Welch; Danyal Khan; Anthony Rossi; Redmond Burke; Evan Zahni (14 March 2011). "New approach to interstage care for palliated high-risk patients with congenital heart disease.". The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 142 (4): 855–860. doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.01.054.
  35. ↑ Hannan, Robert; Jennifer Zabinsky; Jane Salvaggio; Anthony Rossi; Danyal Khan; Francisco Alonso; Jorge Ojito; David Nykanen; Evan Zhan; Redmond Burke (2011). "The Fontan Operation: The Pursuit of Associated Lesions and Cumulative Trauma". Pediatric cardiology. 32 (6): 778–784. doi:10.1007/s00246-011-9973-0.
  36. ↑ Burke, Redmond (June 2013). "Fixing heart defects in children". Maureen McFadden. WNDU. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
  37. ↑ Burke, Redmond. "Innovation To Go". Fast Company. Fara Warner. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  38. ↑ Burke, Redmond; White, Jeffry (Autumn 2004). "Internet Rounds: A Congenital Heart Surgeon's Web Blog". Seminars Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 16 (3): 283–292. doi:10.1053/j.semtcvs.2004.08.012. PMID 15619198. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  39. ↑ Burke, Redmond; White, Jeffrey; Hristidis, Vagelis; Clarke, Peter; Prabakar, Nagarajan; Deng, Yi (2006). "A Flexible Approach for Electronic Medical Records Exchange" (PDF). Proceedings of the International Workshop on Healthcare Information and Knowledge Management: 33–40. doi:10.1145/1183568.1183576. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
  40. ↑ Burke, Redmond; White, Jeffrey (September 21, 2006). "Miami Children's Hospital puts Medical Records Online". South Florida Business Journal. Retrieved 18 December 2014.
  41. ↑ Burke, Redmond. "If I Had a Glass". You Tube. Retrieved 18 December 2014.
  42. ↑ Burke, Redmond (March 27, 2013). "Google Starts Sending Project Glass Invites". Adario Strange. PC Magazine. Retrieved 18 December 2014.
  43. ↑ http://www.berliner-kurier.de/panorama/-ersatz-organ--half-bei-planung-adanelie--4---ein-herz-aus-dem-3d-drucker-rettete-ihr-leben,7169224,29602060.html
  44. ↑ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3389169/Google-Cardboard-saves-baby-s-life-Doctor-uses-20-virtual-reality-device-map-impossible-operation-infant.html
  45. ↑ http://indiatoday.intoday.in/technology/story/google-cardboard-gives-dying-baby-gift-of-life/1/565643.html
  46. ↑ "3D VR Image Rendered by Google Cardboard Sets A Milestone in the History of Cardiac Surgery". Doximity. Retrieved 2016-05-24.
  47. ↑ "CardioAccess". CardioAccess. Retrieved 2009-06-30.
  48. ↑ Austen, Ian (22 August 2002). "For the Doctor's Touch, Help in the Hand". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 June 2009.
  49. ↑ Bender, J P (20 April 2001). "Miami Children's Hospital introduces new technology". South Florida Business Journal. Retrieved 24 June 2009.
  50. ↑ Burke RP, White JA (2004). "Internet rounds: a congenital heart surgeon's Web log". Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 16 (3): 283–92. doi:10.1053/j.semtcvs.2004.08.012. PMID 15619198.
  51. ↑ Burke, Redmond; Hannan, Robert. "MCH Cardiac Program Real Time Outcomes in Congenital Heart Surgery". www.pediatricheartsurgery.com. Retrieved 18 December 2014.
  52. ↑ Burke, Redmond; White, Jeffrey. "Speech Technologies Move Far Beyond Call Centers". Computer World. Drew Robb. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
  53. ↑ "Congenital Heart Surgery Video Project". Youtube.com. 2006-05-01. Retrieved 2009-07-20.
  54. ↑ Burke, Redmond P.; Rossi, Anthony F.; Wilner, Bryan R.; Hannan, Robert L.; Zabinsky, Jennifer A.; White, Jeffrey A. (11 May 2010). "Transforming patient and family access to medical information: utilisation patterns of a patient-accessible electronic health record". Cardiology in the Young. 20 (05): 477–484. doi:10.1017/S1047951110000363.
  55. ↑ Burke, Redmond. "Google Glass Application". Google+. Retrieved 5 December 2014.
  56. ↑ http://www.miamiherald.com/living/health-fitness/article6521568.html
  57. ↑ http://m.nydailynews.com/life-style/google-cardboard-lifesaver-baby-teegan-lexcen-article-1.2489426
  58. ↑ Shelton, Robyn (Feb 19, 2004). "Hospital can care for little hearts; Arnold Palmer has a new plan to build its pediatric heart program in Orlando.". Orlando Sentinel.
  59. ↑ Burke, Redmond (2001). "Reducing the Trauma of Congenital Heart Surgery". Seminars Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery Pediatric Cardiology Surgery. 4: 216–228. doi:10.1053/tc.2001.24653. PMID 11460986.
  60. ↑ "Peter and His Konno Procedure". Peter's Story. Retrieved 18 December 2014.
  61. ↑ Burke, Redmond (April 5, 2012). "Miami Heart Surgeon Displaying Techniques, Reassuring Patients On YouTube". CBS Miami. Retrieved 18 December 2014.
  62. ↑ Burke, Redmond; Cohn, Billy. "Miracle Workers Tackle Heart Problems". Reality TV Magazine. Joe Blackmon. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
  63. ↑ Burke, Redmond. "Miracle Workers". Plugged In. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
  64. ↑ Pierce, Scott (Mar 6, 2006). "It's a "Miracle" New ABC reality show will inspire- and it might make you cry". Deseret News.
  65. ↑ Vito, Robert (19 November 1996). "Trachea transplant gives teen her voice again". CNN. Retrieved 24 June 2009.
  66. ↑ Burke, Redmond; Cohn, Billy (March 13, 2006). "'Miracle Workers' Change Lives". ABC news. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
  67. ↑ Burke, Redmond; Cohn, Billy (March 8, 2006). "Transcript: TV Show Restores Blind Man's Sight". CNN News. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
  68. ↑ Burke, Redmond. "Ctrix "For Your Life's Work". Citrix. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
  69. ↑ Burke, Redmond. "Miami Children's Hospital – 2013 Innovation Award Finalist". www.Citrix.com. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
  70. ↑ Burke, Redmond (December 25, 1994). "Merry Christmas, New England Family love is best gift of all". Peter Gelzinis. Boston Herald. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  71. ↑ Burke, Redmond (August 25, 1994). "One tough kid tugs at grandfather's tender heart". Peter Gelzinis. Boston Herald. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  72. ↑ Burke, Redmond (March 1999). "Glad To Be Back". Michelle Gardner. Sun Sentinel. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  73. ↑ Burke, Redmond (August 14, 2001). "Zabriski Keeping Focus at PGA Amid Turmoil". Jeff Shain. Miami Herald.
  74. ↑ New York Times, by Ian Austen, August 22, 2002
  75. ↑ Orlando Sentinel, Author Associated Press, October 9, 1996 Pace A6 Section A
  76. ↑ Sun Sentinel, by Bob LaMendola Health Writer, March 24, 2002
  77. ↑ Burke, Redmond; White, Jeffrey. "Now We're Talking- Speech Technologies are Moving Far Beyond Call Centers". Computerworld. Drew Robb. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  78. ↑ Associated Press by Raha Madkour, Sunday, July 13, 2008 on San Francisco Bay Area
  79. ↑ "The Ashley Phillips Story". Sun Sentinel. Jan 7, 1998.
  80. ↑ "Orphan baby finds love in Miami hospital". San Franscisco Chronicle. July 13, 2008.
  81. ↑ "Hundreds Gather To Celebrate Life At Miami Children's Hospital". CBS Miami. Feb 21, 2011.
  82. ↑ Burke, Redmond (August 12, 2013). "Stem cells to the rescue: Fixing heart defects in children". WWSB My Suncost News. ABC 7. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
  83. ↑ Burke, Redmond. "Google Glass #IfIHadGlass Contest Winners: 8,000 To Be Notified On Twitter". International Business Times. Fionna Agomuoh. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
  84. ↑ Burke, Redmond. "Federal Bar luncheon". Southern District of Florida Blog. David Markus. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
  85. ↑ Burke, Redmond (April 16, 2013). "Angel's Pediatric Heart House". Channel 16 Florida. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
  86. ↑ Burke, Redmond. "Twitter #ifihadglass". Twitter. Google Glass. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
  87. ↑ Burke, Redmond. "Extracorporeal blood circuit for cardiopulmonary bypass US20110040229 A1". Google. Retrieved 5 December 2014.
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