Samantha Power

Samantha Power
28th United States Ambassador to the United Nations
Assumed office
August 5, 2013
President Barack Obama
Deputy Michele Sison
Preceded by Rosemary DiCarlo (acting)
Succeeded by Nikki Haley (nominee)
Personal details
Born Samantha Jane Power
(1970-09-21) September 21, 1970
Dublin, Ireland
Political party Democratic
Spouse(s) Cass Sunstein (m. 2008)
Children 2
Alma mater Yale University (BA)
Harvard University (JD)

Samantha Jane Power[1] (born September 21, 1970) is an Irish-American academic, author and diplomat who currently is the United States Ambassador to the United Nations.

Power began her career by covering the Yugoslav Wars as a journalist. From 1998 to 2002, Power served as the Founding Executive Director of the Carr Center for Human Rights Policy at the Harvard Kennedy School, where she later served as the first Anna Lindh Professor of Practice of Global Leadership and Public Policy. She was a senior adviser to Senator Barack Obama until March 2008, when she resigned from his presidential campaign after apologizing for referring to then-Senator Hillary Clinton as "a monster".[2]

Power joined the Obama State Department transition team in late November 2008. Power served as Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Multilateral Affairs and Human Rights on the National Security Council from January 2009 to February 2013.[3] In April 2012, Obama chose her to chair a newly formed Atrocities Prevention Board. During her tenure, Power's office focused on such issues as United Nations reform, women's rights and LGBT rights, religious freedom and religious minorities, refugees, human trafficking, human rights, and democracy, including in the Middle East and North Africa, Sudan, and Myanmar. She is considered to have been a key figure in the Obama administration in persuading the president to intervene militarily in Libya.[4] In 2016, she was listed as the 41st most powerful woman in the world by Forbes.[5]

Power is a subject of the 2014 documentary, Watchers of the Sky, which explains the contribution of several notable people, including Power, to the cause of genocide prevention.

She won the Pulitzer Prize for her book A Problem from Hell: America and the Age of Genocide, a study of the U.S. foreign policy response to genocide.

Early life and education

Power was born in Dublin, the daughter of Vera Delaney, a field-hockey international and kidney doctor, and Jim Power, a dentist and piano player.[6][7] Raised in Ireland until she was nine, Power lived in Castleknock and was schooled in Mount Anville Montessori, Goatstown, Dublin,[8] until her parents emigrated to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1979.[9]

She attended Lakeside High School in Atlanta, Georgia, where she was a member of the cross country team and the basketball team. She subsequently graduated from Yale University and from Harvard Law School.[10] In 1993, at age 23, she became a U.S. citizen.

Career

From 1993 to 1996, she worked as a war correspondent, covering the Yugoslav Wars for U.S. News & World Report, The Boston Globe, The Economist, and The New Republic. When she returned to the United States, she attended Harvard Law School, receiving her J.D. in 1999. The following year, she published her first edited and compiled work, Realizing Human Rights: Moving from Inspiration to Impact (edited with Graham Allison). Her first book, A Problem from Hell: America and the Age of Genocide, grew out of a paper she wrote while attending law school. The book won the Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction and the J. Anthony Lukas Book Prize[11] in 2003. This work and related writings received criticism from historian Howard Zinn for downplaying the importance of "unintended" and "collateral" civilian deaths that could be classified as genocidal.[12] The book was also criticized by Edward S. Herman for downplaying cases of "U.S.-encouraged and supported genocide"[13] and by Joseph Nevins for Power's case selection, analysis, and portrayal of the U.S. as an "outsider" to mass atrocities.[14]

From 1998 to 2002, Power served as the Founding Executive Director of the Carr Center for Human Rights Policy at Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government, where she later served as the Anna Lindh Professor of Practice of Global Leadership and Public Policy.

In 2004, Power was named by Time magazine as one of the 100 most influential people in the world that year.[15] In fall 2007, she began writing a regular column for Time.

Power spent 2005–06 working in the office of U.S. Senator Barack Obama as a foreign policy fellow, where she was credited with sparking and directing Obama's interest in the Darfur conflict.[16] She served as a senior foreign policy adviser to Obama's 2008 presidential campaign, but stepped down after referring to Hillary Clinton as "a monster".[17] Power apologized for the remarks made in an interview with The Scotsman in London, and resigned from the campaign shortly thereafter.[18]

The second book she edited and compiled, Chasing the Flame: Sergio Vieira de Mello and the Fight to Save the World, was released on February 14, 2008.

The third book she edited and compiled, The Unquiet American: Richard Holbrook in the World (edited with Derek Chollet).

Involvement in 2008 U.S. presidential campaign

Power was an early and outspoken supporter of Barack Obama. When she joined the Obama campaign as a foreign policy advisor, Men's Vogue described her as a "Harvard brainiac who can boast both a Pulitzer Prize and a mean jump shot (ask George Clooney). Now the consummate outsider is working on her inside game: D.C. politics."[19]

In August 2007, Power authored a memo titled "Conventional Washington versus the Change We Need", in which she provided one of the first comprehensive statements of Obama's approach to foreign policy. In the memo she writes: "Barack Obama's judgment is right; the conventional wisdom is wrong. We need a new era of tough, principled and engaged American diplomacy to deal with 21st century challenges."[20]

In February and March 2008, Power began an international book tour to promote her book, Chasing the Flame. Because of her involvement in the Obama campaign, many of the interviews she gave revolved around her and Barack Obama's foreign-policy views, as well as the 2008 campaign.

"Armenians for Obama" uploaded a video of Power to YouTube where she referred to Obama's "unshakeable conscientiousness" regarding genocide in general and the Armenian genocide in particular, as well as saying that he would "call a spade a spade, and speak the truth about it".[21]

Power appeared on BBC's HARDtalk on March 6, stating that Barack Obama's pledge to "have all U.S. combat brigades out of Iraq within 16 months"[22] was a "best case scenario" that "he will revisit when he becomes president."[23] Challenged by the host as to whether this contradicted Obama's campaign commitment, she responded, "You can’t make a commitment in March 2008 about what circumstances will be like in January 2009.... He will, of course, not rely on some plan that he’s crafted as a presidential candidate or a U.S. Senator. He will rely upon a plan — an operational plan — that he pulls together in consultation with people who are on the ground to whom he doesn’t have daily access now, as a result of not being the president."[24] She concluded by saying that "what we can take seriously is that he will try to get U.S. forces out of Iraq as quickly and responsibly as possible."[23] In February 2009, Obama announced that the U.S. would end combat operations in Iraq by August 31, 2010 and withdraw all U.S. soldiers by the end of 2011. The U.S. formally ended its mission in Iraq on December 15 of that year.

Resignation from the campaign

In a March 6 interview with The Scotsman, she said:

We fucked up in Ohio. In Ohio, they are obsessed and Hillary is going to town on it, because she knows Ohio's the only place they can win. She is a monster, too — that is off the record — she is stooping to anything... if you are poor and she is telling you some story about how Obama is going to take your job away, maybe it will be more effective. The amount of deceit she has put forward is really unattractive.[25][26]

Power apologized for the remarks on the night of the March 6 interview, saying that they "do not reflect my feelings about Sen. Clinton, whose leadership and public service I have long admired", and telling Irish TV reporter Michael Fisher: "Of course I regret them. I can't even believe they came out of my mouth....in every public appearance I've ever made talking about Senator Clinton, I have sung her praises as the leader she has been, the intellect. She's also incredibly warm, funny....I wish I could go back in time."[27] The next day, in the wake of reaction to the remarks, she resigned from the Obama campaign.[28] Soon afterward, the Weekly Standard said that it "might have been the most ill-starred book tour since the invention of movable type."[29]

Following her resignation, she also appeared on The Colbert Report on March 17, 2008, saying, "can I just clarify and say, I don't think Hillary Clinton is a monster...we have three amazing candidates left in the race." When Power later joined the State Department transition team, an official close to the transition said Power had apologized and that her "gesture to bury the hatchet" with Clinton had been well received.[30] Power attended Clinton's swearing-in ceremony on February 2 and collaborated with her during her four-year tenure as Secretary of State.

On staff of the Obama Administration

Power speaking at Harvard Law School's Class Day (2010)

After the 2008 presidential election, Power joined president-elect Obama's State Department transition team.[31]

National Security Council

In January 2009, President Obama appointed Power to the National Security Council, where she served as a Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Multilateral Affairs and Human Rights.[32]

In this capacity, Power kept the U.S. out of the Durban Review Conference, the 2009 iteration of the UN World Conference against Racism, which was criticized for descending into "a festival of Israel bashing."[33]

Within the Obama administration, Power advocated for military intervention in Libya during the Libyan Civil War on humanitarian grounds.[34] With then-Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and UN ambassador Susan Rice, Power lobbied Obama to pursue a UN Security Council resolution authorizing an international coalition force to protect Libyan civilians.[35]

Power left the National Security Council in February 2013.[36]

U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations

Nomination

On June 5, 2013, U.S. president Barack Obama announced her nomination as the new United States Ambassador to the United Nations.[37]

Power with President Barack Obama in the Oval Office on 5 June 2013

Power's nomination was backed by Republican senators John McCain and Lindsey Graham,[38][39] and former independent senator Joseph Lieberman.[40] Power also received support from U.S. diplomat Dennis Ross,[41] the national director of the Anti-Defamation League Abraham Foxman,[42] Israel's ambassador to the U.S. Michael Oren,[43] lawyer and commentator Alan Dershowitz,[44] the director of the Institute for Justice & Democracy in Haiti,[45] the director of the Israel Project, the Jewish Council for Public Affairs,[46] the President of the Rabbinical Assembly,[47] the Eastern Director of the Simon Wiesenthal Center,[48] the National Jewish Democratic Council, Rabbi Shmuley Boteach,[49] publisher Marty Peretz,[50] and military writer Max Boot.[51][52][53]

Her nomination also faced some opposition. Former U.S. ambassador to the UN John R. Bolton and a former acting Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs, Frank Gaffney, criticized her for a 2003 article she authored in The New Republic, in which Bolton claims she compared the United States to Nazi Germany.[54][55]

Power was confirmed as UN ambassador by the U.S. Senate on August 1, 2013, by a vote of 87 to 10, and was sworn in a day later by the Vice President.[56][57]

Views on projecting military power to prevent human rights abuse

Her advocacy of humanitarian intervention has been criticized for being tendentious and militaristic, for answering a "problem from hell" with a "solution from hell."[58] Furthermore, Power's advocacy of deploying the United States armed forces to combat human rights abuses has been criticized as running contrary to the idea that the main purpose of the military is for national defense.[59]

Views on Israel
Power with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu at his office in Jerusalem, February 15, 2016

Some individuals have accused Power of being hostile towards Israel, largely on the basis of statements she made in a 2002 interview with Harry Kreisler. When asked what advice she would give to the president if either the Israelis or Palestinians looked "like they might be moving toward genocide," Power said that the United States might consider the deployment of a "mammoth protection force" to monitor developments between the Israelis and Palestinians, characterizing it as a regrettable but necessary "imposition of a solution on unwilling parties," and "the lesser of evils."[60] She clarified that remark on several occasions, including in an interview with Haaretz correspondent Shmuel Rosner in August 2008.[61]

In July 2014, Power expressed support for Israel's right to defend itself during the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict.[62]

Tenure

Speaking in September 2013, regarding the Syrian Civil War, Power told a news conference that the American intelligence findings “overwhelmingly point to one stark conclusion: The Assad regime perpetrated an attack.” She added, “The actions of the Assad regime are morally reprehensible, and they violate clearly established international norms.” Power went on to criticize the failure of the United Nations structure to thwart or prosecute the atrocities committed in the Syrian conflict, which is now well into its third year. She said, “The system devised in 1945 precisely to deal with threats of this nature did not work as it was supposed to.” She added "Even in the wake of the flagrant shattering of the international norm against chemical weapons use, Russia continues to hold the council hostage and shirk its international responsibilities. "What we have learned, what the Syrian people have learned, is that the Security Council the world needs to deal with this crisis is not the Security Council we have."[63] However, Power has herself been criticised by journalist Jeff Jacoby for her lack of commitment to stopping the conflict, writing that she has mostly "acquiesced in the president’s [Obama's] unwillingness to act."[64]

Power with Secretary of State John Kerry at a UN ministerial, October 2, 2015

In 2014, speaking on the crisis in Ukraine, Ambassador Power, told reporters that Washington was "gravely disturbed by reports of Russian military deployments into the Crimea. "The United States calls upon Russia to pull back the military forces that are being built up in the region, to stand down, and to allow the Ukrainian people the opportunity to pursue their own government, create their own destiny and to do so freely without intimidation or fear," she said. Power declined to characterize Russian military actions when asked if they constituted aggression. She called for an independent international mediation mission to be quickly dispatched to Ukraine.[65]

In July 2014, during a forum at Hunter College commemorating the 45th anniversary of the Stonewall riots, Power said that, in spite of significant progress in the US, the LGBT rights movement was "far from over", noting that "There are some parts of the world where the situation abroad is actually taking a sharp turn for the worse for LGBT individuals". She stated that homosexuality remains criminalized in nearly 80 countries, that Brunei was moving towards becoming the eighth country enacting capital punishment for same-sex sexual acts, and that Russia and Nigeria had also instituted anti-LGBT legislation in the last year. Referring to a law signed in February by Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni that imposes a life sentence upon anyone found guilty of repeated same-sex sexual acts, she said: "Unfortunately, Uganda's anti-gay legislation is not an outlier. Nor is the climate of intolerance and abuse that it has fostered." This speech occurred on the first anniversary of the U.S. Supreme Court decision that struck down a portion of the Defense of Marriage Act, and a week after the Obama administration announced travel bans against Ugandan officials responsible for anti-LGBT human rights abuses.[66]

Power with John Kerry and Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, September 29, 2015

In March 2015, Power described defence cuts planned by European countries such as Britain as "very concerning" in light of the "diffuse" challenges facing the world, such as the Ebola crisis in west Africa and the threat from the Islamic State of the Levant (ISIL). She flew to Brussels to urge European nations to abide by a NATO pledge to devote to defence at least two per cent of their national budget, and she suggested that their current spending already risked being insufficient.[67]

Power has faced criticism for her silence on Obama's failure to recognize the Armenian Genocide, especially after its 100th anniversary in 2015.[68] She has refused to comment on the issue.[69]

In June 2015, Power spoke to the US House Foreign Affairs Committee while negotiations were taking place with Iran regarding granting relief of sanctions on the country in return for them scaling back their nuclear program.[70] She told the Committee that the US would retain the ability to reinstate sanctions against Iran without unanimous support from the UN Security Council, though she said she could not provide details until a deal was finalised.[70]

Power supported the Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen against the Shia Houthis and forces loyal to former President Ali Abdullah Saleh.[71]

In 2016 Power speaking on the situation in Syria said, "What Russia is sponsoring and doing is not counter-terrorism, it is barbarism," "Instead of pursuing peace, Russia and Assad make war. Instead of helping get life-saving aid to civilians, Russia and Assad are bombing the humanitarian convoys, hospitals and first responders who are trying desperately to keep people alive," Power said. A Sept. 9 ceasefire deal between U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry and Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov aimed at putting Syria's peace process back on track effectively collapsed on Monday when an aid convoy was bombed.[72]

Personal life

On July 4, 2008, Power married law professor Cass Sunstein, whom she met while working on the Obama campaign.[73] They were married in the Church of Mary Immaculate, Lohar, Waterville, County Kerry, Ireland.[74] On April 24, 2009, she gave birth to their first child, Declan Power Sunstein.[75] On June 1, 2012, she gave birth to their second child, a daughter, Rían Power Sunstein.

References

  1. "Samantha Power".
  2. "After 'Monster' Remark, Aide to Obama Resigns", New York Times, Sheryl Gay Stolberg. Published: March 29, 2011
  3. Alexander Abad-Santos. "Samantha Power Has It All". The Wire. The Atlantic. Retrieved 7 July 2016.
  4. Still Crusading, but Now on the InsideNew York Times, Sheryl Gay Stolberg Published: March 29, 2011
  5. "The World's 100 Most Powerful Women". Forbes. Forbes. Retrieved 7 July 2016.
  6. "Amb. Samantha Power's father died of broken heart after she left for US". 16 December 2014.
  7. "Empathy is everything: A lesson from my mother, the doctor".
  8. Sheehy, Clodagh (November 29, 2008). "welcome: irishwoman who resigned is back on obama's team after labelling hillary a 'monster'". Evening Herald. Dublin. Retrieved January 29, 2011.
  9. Archived April 14, 2014, at the Wayback Machine.
  10. U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations whitehouse.gov. 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015
  11. "J. Anthony Lukas Prize Project winners". Nieman Foundation for Journalism at Harvard. Retrieved 16 March 2011.
  12. Zinn, Howard (August 21, 2007). "On Terror". ZNet. Retrieved January 1, 2011.
  13. Herman, Edward (August 27, 2007). "Response to Zinn on Samantha Power". ZNet. Retrieved 7 July 2016.
  14. Nevins, Joseph (May 20, 2002). "Review of "A Problem from Hell"". The Nation. Retrieved 7 July 2016.
  15. "TIME 100: Samantha Power". Time. April 19, 2003. Retrieved May 23, 2010.
  16. "The Radical Roots of Barack Obama", Rolling Stone
  17. Peev, Gerri, "'Hillary Clinton's a monster': Obama aide blurts out attack in Scotsman interview", Scotsman, 07 March 2008
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  20. "Campaign Memo: "Barack Obama Was Right"". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 23, 2010.
  21. Video on YouTube
  22. Archived March 12, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
  23. 1 2 "BBC NEWS - Programmes - Hardtalk - Samantha Power". News.bbc.co.uk. March 6, 2008. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
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  26. "Obama Foreign Policy Adviser Calls Clinton a 'Monster'". ABC News.
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  28. Archived March 26, 2004, at the Wayback Machine.
  29. "Power Outage", Weekly Standard, March 17, 2008
  30. Lee, Matthew (January 29, 2009). "Samantha Power Returns: Professor Who Slammed Clinton Will Be Obama Aide". The Huffington Post. Retrieved January 1, 2011.
  31. Lee, Matthew (November 28, 2008). "Samantha Power Working On Obama's State Department Transition Team". The Huffington Post. Retrieved January 1, 2011.
  32. "Samantha Power '99 to join National Security Council". Harvard Law School. January 30, 2009. Retrieved January 1, 2011.
  33. Kampeas, Ron (June 5, 2013). "In new White House role, Israel will still keep Susan Rice busy". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Retrieved July 7, 2016.
  34. Terry Atlas (June 5, 2013). "Power Brings Passion to Stop Genocide as Obama's UN Pick". Bloomberg.
  35. Indira A.R. Lakshmanan and Hans Nichols (March 25, 2011). "Samantha Power Brought Activism Inside to Sway Obama on Libya". Bloomberg.
  36. "Samantha Power leaving White House".
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  38. Colum Lynch (June 5, 2013). "Samantha Power's tough road to confirmation gets a bit easier". foreignpolicy.com.
  39. Mark Silva (June 7, 2013). "Graham: Power 'Solid' UN Choice". bloomberg.com.
  40. Haviv Rettig Gur, "Samantha Power gets early boost from pro-Israel voices," The Times of Israel, June 7, 2013.
  41. Terry Atlas, "Power Brings Passion to Stop Genocide as Obama's UN Pick," Bloomberg, June 6, 2013.
  42. "ADL Welcomes Nomination of Samantha Power as U.N. Ambassador," June 5, 2013.
  43. Mark Landler, "Choice for U.N. Post Gets Israeli Vote of Confidence," New York Times, June 7, 2013.
  44. Alan Dershowitz, "Samantha Power Will Wow Them at the United Nations," Huffington Post, June 5, 2013.
  45. "Press Release – Lawyers for Cholera Victims Say Power United Nations Ambassador Nomination is Opportunity for a Just Response to Haiti Cholera". ijdh.org. 16 July 2013.
  46. "Jewish Council for Public Affairs". Engage.jewishpublicaffairs.org. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  47. "RA Congratulates Susan Rice on her Appointment to National Security Advisor - The Rabbinical Assembly". Rabbinicalassembly.org. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  48. "Rabbi Steven Burg on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  49. Shmuley Boteach, "Samantha Power Clarifies Her Comments on Israel," The Algemeiner, April 11, 2011.
  50. Martin Peretz, "Samantha Power Is A Friend of Israel," The New Republic, December 4, 2008.
  51. Max Boot, "Defending Samantha Power Again," Commentary Magazine, February 29, 2008.
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  53. Sara Fried, "Samantha Power the Right Choice for the Jewish Community," June 6, 2013.
  54. Gaffney, Frank (June 14, 2013). "Samantha Power Will Concede US Self-determination to the UN". Center for Security Policy. Retrieved July 10, 2013.
  55. Power, Samantha (March 3, 2003). "Force Full". New Republic. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
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  57. "Samantha Power sworn in as new US ambassador to UN". The Wichita Eagle. Retrieved August 4, 2013.
  58. Stephen Wertheim, "A solution from hell: the United States and the rise of humanitarian interventionism, 1991–2003," Journal of Genocide Research, Vol. 12, No. 3-4, 2010.
  59. U.S. News (24 December 2014). "Samantha Power, White House's UN ambassador nominee, has 'seen evil at its worst'". NBC News. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  60. "YouTube clip likely to dog Samantha Power's appointment as U.S. ambassador to UN". Haaretz.com. 5 June 2013. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  61. Obama`s top adviser says does not believe in imposing a peace settlement by Shmuel Rosner, Haaretz, August 27, 2008.
  62. "Remarks by Ambassador Samantha Power, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations, at a Security Council Briefing on the Middle East". U.S. Mission to the United Nations. 18 July 2014.
  63. Gladstone, Rick (September 5, 2013). "New U.S. Envoy to U.N. Strongly Condemns Russia". New York Times. Retrieved 2013-10-06.
  64. JEFF JACOBY (3 March 2016). "Samantha Power's squandered moral authority". BOSTON GLOBE. Retrieved 8 March 2016.
  65. "Ukraine's U.N. envoy: 'We are strong enough to defend ourselves'". Reuters. February 28, 2014.
  66. "Samantha Power says LGBT rights struggle far from over". Washington Blade: Gay News, Politics, LGBT Rights. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  67. Prince, Rosa (March 10, 2015). "Samantha Power: defence cuts are 'deeply concerning'". The Daily Telegraph. London.
  68. Boteach, Shmuley (April 23, 2015). "Samantha Power, our great crusader against genocide, is weirdly complacent about these mass slaughters. Why?". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 2, 2015.
  69. Klein, Joseph (April 27, 2015). "Abandonment of Christian Victims of Genocide Today". Frontpage Mag. Retrieved May 2, 2015. When I asked Ambassador Power for comment, she repeated three times “I don’t want to talk about it” and walked away.
  70. 1 2 "Samantha Power Promises Snap-back Sanctions On Iran Will Not Be Blocked By Russia Or China". Huffington Post. June 16, 2015.
  71. "As the Saudis Covered Up Abuses in Yemen, America Stood By". Politico. 30 July 2016.
  72. Anne Lucey (2008-07-04). "From campaigns to champagne as friends of Obama tie the knot". Independent.ie. Retrieved 2008-07-07.
  73. Archived 4 March 2010 at the Wayback Machine.
  74. "New Baby for New D.C. Power Couple". The Washington Post.
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by
Rosemary DiCarlo
Acting
United States Ambassador to the United Nations
2013–present
Succeeded by
Nikki Haley
Nominee
United States order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded by
James Clapper
as Director of National Intelligence
Order of Precedence of the United States
as Ambassador to the United Nations
Succeeded by
Orrin Hatch
as President pro tempore of the Senate
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