South African general election, 2004

South African general election, 2004
South Africa
14 April 2004
All 400 seats to the National Assembly of South Africa
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Thabo Mbeki Tony Leon Mangosuthu Buthelezi
Party African National Congress Democratic Alliance Inkatha Freedom Party
Last election 266 seats, 66.35% 38 seats, 9.56% 34 seats, 8.58%
Seats won 279 50 28
Seat change Increase13 Increase12 Decrease6
Popular vote 10,880,915 1,931,201 1,088,664
Percentage 69.69% 12.37% 6.97%
Swing Increase3.34% Increase2.81% Decrease1.61%
President before election

Thabo Mbeki
African National Congress

 Elected President

Thabo Mbeki
African National Congress

South Africa
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
South Africa

Legislative elections were held in South Africa on Wednesday, 14 April 2004. The African National Congress (ANC) of President Thabo Mbeki, which came to power after the end of the apartheid system in 1994, was re-elected with an increased majority.

These were the third elections held since the end of the apartheid era. The South African National Assembly consists of 400 members, elected by proportional representation. Two hundred members are elected from national party lists, the other 200 are elected from party lists in each of the nine provinces. The President of South Africa is chosen by the National Assembly after each election.

The ANC, which has been in power since 1994, obtained 69.7% of votes cast on the national ballot, theoretically allowing them to change the constitution.

Some 20.6-million people were registered for the 2004 general elections, which was about 2 million more than in 1999.[1] About 76% of registered voters took part in the election, with the ANC receiving 69.7% of the votes cast. However, only 56% of eligible voters (South African citizens of voting age) took part in the 2004 election, which means that the ANC received votes from only about 38% of all eligible voters.[2][3] The year 2004 saw an increase in voter abstention and there was at least one high-profile election and registration boycotts campaign, the No Land! No House! No Vote! Campaign.[4][5]

The main opposition party, the Democratic Alliance, also obtained an increased percentage on the national ballot, most likely from former supporters of the New National Party, possibly losing some support to Patricia de Lille's new Independent Democrats. The New National Party, a descendant of the ruling party of the apartheid era, collapsed and lost most of their support, dropping from 6.9% in 1999 to 1.7% (it was 20.4% in 1994), many of their supporters being unhappy with their alliance with the ANC. The Independent Democrats surprised many observers by obtaining more votes than the New National Party, becoming the fifth largest party. The Inkatha Freedom Party lost some support, including the majority in their stronghold province of Kwazulu-Natal, while the United Democratic Movement also lost support, barely hanging on as opposition in their stronghold, the Eastern Cape.

National Assembly results

 Summary of the 14 April 2004 National Assembly election results[6]
Party Leader Votes % +/− Seats +/− from last
election[note 1]		 +/− from before
this election[note 2]
African National Congress Thabo Mbeki 10,880,915 69.69 +3.34 279 +13 +4
Democratic Alliance[note 3] Tony Leon 1,931,201 12.37 +2.81 50 +12 +4
Inkatha Freedom Party Mangosuthu Buthelezi 1,088,664 6.97 −1.61 28 −6 −3
United Democratic Movement Bantu Holomisa 355,717 2.28 −1.14 9 −5 +5
Independent Democrats[note 4] Patricia de Lille 269,765 1.73 +1.73 7 +7 +6
New National Party Marthinus van Schalkwyk 257,842 1.65 −5.22 7 −21 −13
African Christian Democratic Party Kenneth Meshoe 250,272 1.65 +0.17 7 +1 0
Freedom Front Plus[note 5] Pieter Mulder 139,465 0.89 −0.19 4 0 +1
United Christian Democratic Party Lucas Mangope 117,792 0.75 −0.03 3 0 0
Pan Africanist Congress 113,512 0.73 +0.02 3 0 +1
Minority Front Amichand Rajbansi 55,267 0.35 +0.05 2 +1 +1
Azanian People's Organisation 39,116 0.25 +0.08 1 0 0
Christian Democratic Party[note 6] 17,619 0.11 +0.11 0 0 0
National Action[note 4] Cassie Aucamp 15,804 0.10 +0.10 0 0 −1
Peace and Justice Congress[note 4] 15,187 0.10 +0.10 0 0 −1
Socialist Party of Azania 14,853 0.10 +0.04 0 0 0
New Labour Party[note 4] Peter Marais 13,318 0.09 0.09 0 0 0
United Front[note 6] 11,889 0.08 +0.08 0 0 0
Employment Movement for South Africa[note 6] 10,446 0.07 +0.07 0 0 0
The Organisation Party[note 6] 7,531 0.05 +0.05 0 0 0
Keep It Straight and Simple Party[note 6] C. C. Gaisford 6,514 0.04 +0.04 0 0 0
Total 15,612,671 100.00 400
Spoilt votes 251,320

Contested seat

The first official results were successfully challenged by the ACDP, resulting in them gaining one of the two seats previously awarded to AZAPO. Thus AZAPO only got one seat.[7]

Provincial legislature results

Elections for the nine provincial parliaments were held at the same time as for the National Assembly.

 Seat allocation summary of the 14 April 2004 provincial legislature election results
Party EC FS G KZN L M NW NC WC
African National Congress 51 25 51 38 45 27 27 21 19
Democratic Alliance 5 3 15 7 2 2 2 3 12
Inkatha Freedom Party 2 30
United Democratic Movement 6 1 1 1 1
African Christian Democratic Party 1 1 2 1 1 2
New National Party 2 5
Independent Democrats 1 2 3
Freedom Front Plus 1 1 1 1 1
United Christian Democratic Party 3
Pan Africanist Congress 1 1
Minority Front 2
Total 63 30 73 80 49 30 33 30 42

Eastern Cape

 Summary of the 14 April 2004 Eastern Cape Provincial Legislature election results[8]
Party Votes % +/− Seats +/− from last
election[note 1]		 +/− from before
this election[note 2]
African National Congress 1,768,987 79.27 +5.47 51 +4 +2
United Democratic Movement 205,993 9.23 −4.36 6 −3 −1
Democratic Alliance[note 3] 163,785 7.34 +1.05 5 +1 0
Pan Africanist Congress 22,324 1.00 −0.14 1 0 0
African Christian Democratic Party 17,372 0.78 −0.18 0 0 0
Independent Democrats[note 4] 17,314 0.78 +0.78 0 0 0
New National Party 14,084 0.63 −2.59 0 −2 −1
Freedom Front Plus[note 5] 5,692 0.26 −0.25 0 0 0
Inkatha Freedom Party 4,373 0.20 −0.13 0 0 0
Azanian People's Organisation[note 6] 3,884 0.17 +0.17 0 0 0
Socialist Party of Azania[note 6] 3,356 0.15 +0.15 0 0 0
United Christian Democratic Party[note 6] 2,707 0.12 +0.12 0 0 0
National Action[note 4] 1,672 0.07 +0.07 0 0 0
Total 2,231,543 100.00 63
Spoilt votes 28,360

Free State

 Summary of the 14 April 2004 Free State Provincial Legislature election results[9]
Party Votes % +/− Seats +/−[note 7]
African National Congress 827,338 81.78 +0.99 25 0
Democratic Alliance[note 3] 85,714 8.47 +3.14 3 +1
Freedom Front Plus[note 5] 24,946 2.47 −0.04 1 0
African Christian Democratic Party 13,119 1.30 +0.40 1 +1
Pan Africanist Congress 11,969 1.18 +0.03 0 0
Dikwankwetla Party[note 6] 9,806 0.99 +0.97 0 0
United Democratic Movement 8,947 0.88 −0.78 0 0
New National Party 8,295 0.82 −4.38 0 −2
United Christian Democratic Party 7,825 0.77 −0.01 0 0
Independent Democrats[note 4] 5,289 0.52 +0.52 0 0
Azanian People's Organisation[note 6] 3,571 0.35 +0.35 0 0
Inkatha Freedom Party 3,563 0.35 −0.12 0 0
National Action[note 4] 1,224 0.12 +0.12 0 0
Total 1,011,606 100.00 30
Spoilt votes 15,795

Gauteng

 Summary of the 14 April 2004 Gauteng Provincial Legislature election results[10]
Party Votes % +/− Seats +/− from last
election[note 1]		 +/− from before
this election[note 2]
African National Congress 2,331,121 68.40 +0.52 51 +1 +1
Democratic Alliance[note 3] 708,081 20.78 +2.82 15 +2 +3
Inkatha Freedom Party 85,500 2.51 −1.00 2 −1 −1
African Christian Democratic Party 55,991 1.64 +0.48 1 0 0
Independent Democrats[note 4] 51,921 1.52 +1.52 1 +1 0
Freedom Front Plus[note 8] 45,648 1.34 −0.22 1 0 0
United Democratic Movement 33,644 0.99 −0.97 1 0 0
Pan Africanist Congress 29,076 0.85 +0.12 1 +1 +1
New National Party 25,992 0.76 −3.13 0 −3 −3
United Christian Democratic Party 8,857 0.26 +0.02 0 0 0
Azanian People's Organisation 8,670 0.25 +0.09 0 0 0
Christian Democratic Party[note 6] 7,773 0.23 +0.23 0 0 0
National Action[note 4] 4,712 0.14 +0.14 0 0 0
Peace and Justice Congress[note 4] 3,208 0.09 +0.09 0 0 0
Socialist Party of Azania 3,191 0.09 +0.04 0 0 0
Economic Freedom Movement[note 6] 1,862 0.05 +0.05 0 0 0
Pro-Death Penalty Party[note 6] 1,825 0.05 +0.05 0 0 0
Black People's Convention[note 6] 1,236 0.04 +0.04 0 0 0
Total 3,408,308 100.00 73
Spoilt votes 43,917

KwaZulu-Natal

 Summary of the 14 April 2004 KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Legislature election results[11]
Party Votes % +/− Seats +/− from last
election[note 1]		 +/− from before
this election[note 2]
African National Congress 1,287,823 46.98 +7.59 38 +6 +3
Inkatha Freedom Party 1,009,267 36.82 −5.08 30 −4 −2
Democratic Alliance[note 3] 228,857 8.35 +0.19 7 +1 0
Minority Front 71,540 2.61 −0.32 2 0 0
African Christian Democratic Party 48,892 1.78 −0.03 2 +1 +1
United Democratic Movement 20,546 0.75 −0.42 1 0 0
New National Party 14,218 0.52 −2.76 0 −3 −2
Independent Democrats[note 4] 13,556 0.49 +0.49 0 0 0
Freedom Front Plus[note 5] 7,764 0.28 −0.14 0 0 0
Azanian People's Organisation 7,061 0.26 +0.09 0 0 0
Pan Africanist Congress 5,118 0.19 −0.07 0 0 0
Socialist Party of Azania 5,023 0.18 +0.07 0 0 0
Christian Democratic Party[note 6] 4,980 0.18 +0.18 0 0 0
Izwi Lethu Party[note 6] 4,858 0.18 +0.18 0 0 0
United Christian Democratic Party[note 6] 3,921 0.14 +0.14 0 0 0
Peace and Development Party[note 4] 3,154 0.12 +0.12 0 0 −1
Royal Loyal Progress[note 6] 3,141 0.11 +0.11 0 0 0
Independent African Movement[note 6] 1,546 0.06 +0.06 0 0 0
Total 2,741,265 100.00 80
Spoilt votes 41,300

Limpopo

 Summary of the 14 April 2004 Limpopo Legislature election results[12]
Party Votes % +/− Seats +/−[note 7]
African National Congress 1,439,853 89.18 +0.89 45 +1
Democratic Alliance[note 3] 57,930 3.59 +2.17 2 +1
United Democratic Movement 27,780 1.72 −0.79 1 0
African Christian Democratic Party 20,418 1.26 +0.16 1 0
Pan Africanist Congress 15,222 0.94 −0.46 0 −1
Alliance for Democracy and Prosperity[note 4] 9,933 0.62 +0.62 0 0
Freedom Front Plus[note 5] 9,724 0.60 −0.44 0 0
Ximoko Party 9,587 0.59 −0.24 0 0
Azanian People's Organisation 8,204 0.51 −0.03 0 0
New National Party 7,443 0.46 −1.24 0 −1
United Christian Democratic Party[note 6] 3,477 0.22 +0.22 0 0
Independent Democrats[note 4] 2,730 0.17 +0.17 0 0
National Action[note 4] 2,213 0.14 +0.14 0 0
Total 1,614,514 100.00 49
Spoilt votes 21,947

Mpumalanga

 Summary of the 14 April 2004 Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature election results[13]
Party Votes % +/− Seats +/−[note 7]
African National Congress 959,436 86.30 +1.48 27 +1
Democratic Alliance[note 3] 77,119 6.94 +2.46 2 +1
Freedom Front Plus[note 5] 13,732 1.24 −0.87 1 0
African Christian Democratic Party 12,065 1.09 −0.03 0 0
United Democratic Movement 11,161 1.00 −0.42 0 −1
Inkatha Freedom Party 10,643 0.96 −0.46 0 0
Pan Africanist Congress 7,668 0.69 +0.04 0 0
Sindawonye Progressive Party 5,925 0.53 +0.15 0 0
New National Party 5,122 0.46 −2.02 0 −1
Independent Democrats[note 4] 3,406 0.31 +0.31 0 0
Azanian People's Organisation 2,113 0.19 +0.09 0 0
United Christian Democratic Party 1,878 0.17 −0.06 0 0
Socialist Party of Azania[note 6] 1,424 0.13 +0.13 0 0
Total 1,111,692 100.00 30
Spoilt votes 17,792

North West

 Summary of the 14 April 2004 North West Provincial Legislature election results[14]
Party Votes % +/− Seats +/−[note 7]
African National Congress 1,048,089 80.71 +1.74 27 0
United Christian Democratic Party 110,233 8.49 −1.08 3 0
Democratic Alliance[note 3] 64,925 5.00 +1.74 2 +1
Freedom Front Plus[note 5] 17,123 1.32 −0.57 1 0
African Christian Democratic Party 15,138 1.17 +0.23 0 0
United Democratic Movement 12,513 0.96 −0.32 0 0
Pan Africanist Congress 10,923 0.84 +0.10 0 0
Independent Democrats[note 4] 5,709 0.44 +0.44 0 0
New National Party 5,592 0.43 −1.86 0 −1
Azanian People's Organisation[note 6] 3,718 0.29 +0.29 0 0
Inkatha Freedom Party 3,211 0.25 −0.27 0 0
National Action[note 4] 1,389 0.11 +0.11 0 0
Total 1,298,563 100.00 33
Spoilt votes 23,224

Northern Cape

 Summary of the 14 April 2004 Northern Cape Provincial Legislature election results[15]
Party Votes % +/− Seats +/−[note 7]
African National Congress 219,365 68.83 +4.51 21 +1
Democratic Alliance[note 3] 35,297 11.08 +6.31 3 +2
New National Party 23,970 7.52 −16.65 2 −6
Independent Democrats[note 4] 22,485 7.06 +7.06 2 +2
African Christian Democratic Party 5,995 1.88 +0.35 1 +1
Freedom Front Plus[note 5] 4,948 1.55 −0.63 1 0
Azanian People's Organisation 1,645 0.52 +0.10 0 0
United Democratic Movement 1,431 0.45 −0.45 0 0
Pan Africanist Congress 1,381 0.43 −0.23 0 0
United Christian Democratic Party[note 6] 1,042 0.33 +0.33 0 0
Inkatha Freedom Party 751 0.24 −0.29 0 0
Cape People's Congress[note 6] 392 0.12 +0.12 0 0
Total 318,702 100.00 30
Spoilt votes 5,192

Western Cape

 Summary of the 14 April 2004 Western Cape Provincial Parliament election results[16]
Party Votes % +/− Seats +/− from last
election[note 1]		 +/− from before
this election[note 2]
African National Congress 709,052 45.25 +3.18 19 +1 −3
Democratic Alliance[note 3] 424,832 27.11 +15.20 12 +7 +5
New National Party 170,469 10.88 −27.51 5 −12 −5
Independent Democrats[note 4] 122,867 7.84 +7.84 3 +3 +3
African Christian Democratic Party 53,934 3.44 +0.65 2 +1 0
United Democratic Movement 27,489 1.75 −0.64 1 0 +1
Africa Muslim Party 11,019 0.70 +0.10 0 0 0
New Labour Party[note 4] 10,526 0.67 +0.67 0 0 −1
Freedom Front Plus[note 5] 9,705 0.62 +0.22 0 0 0
Pan Africanist Congress 6,524 0.42 −0.07 0 0 0
United Christian Democratic Party[note 6] 3,575 0.23 +0.23 0 0 0
Green Party of South Africa 3,317 0.21 +0.06 0 0 0
Peace and Justice Congress[note 4] 3,278 0.21 +0.21 0 0 0
National Action[note 4] 2,248 0.14 +0.14 0 0 0
Inkatha Freedom Party 2,222 0.14 −0.04 0 0 0
Cape People's Congress[note 6] 1,960 0.13 +0.13 0 0 0
Azanian People's Organisation[note 6] 1,455 0.09 +0.09 0 0 0
Moderate Independent Party[note 6] 953 0.06 +0.06 0 0 0
Peace and Development Party[note 4] 789 0.05 +0.05 0 0 0
Universal Party[note 6] 735 0.05 +0.05 0 0 0
Total 1,566,949 100.00 42
Spoilt votes 15,554

NCOP seats

The National Council of Provinces (NCOP) consists of 90 members, ten elected by each provincial legislature. The Members of NCOP have to be elected in proportion to the party membership of the provincial legislature.

 Determination of delegates to the National Council of Provinces after the 14 April 2004 provincial elections[17]
Party Delegate type EC FS G KZN L M NW NC WC Total
African National Congress Permanent 4 4 4 3 5 5 4 4 2 35 65
Special 4 4 3 2 4 4 4 3 2 30
Democratic Alliance Permanent 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 10 12
Special 1 1 2
Inkatha Freedom Party Permanent 1 2 3 5
Special 2 2
Independent Democrats Permanent 1 1 2
Special 1 1
New National Party Permanent 1 1 2
African Christian Democratic Party Special 1 1
Freedom Front Plus Permanent 1 1
United Christian Democratic Party Permanent 1 1
United Democratic Movement Permanent 1 1
Total 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 90

Notes to the tables

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Change in seats compared to the composition of the legislature after the election of 2 June 1999.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Change in seats compared to the composition of the legislature after the floor-crossing period that ended on 4 April 2003.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Successor to the Democratic Party.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Party did not contest the previous election to this legislature, having been created during the floor-crossing period of 2003.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Successor to the Freedom Front and the Afrikaner Eenheidsbeweging.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Party did not contest the previous election to this legislature.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 No members of this legislature crossed the floor during the 2003 floor-crossing period.
  8. ↑ Successor to the Freedom Front, the Afrikaner Eenheidsbeweging, and the Conservative Party.

References

  1. ↑ http://www.southafrica.info/about/democracy/elections-110209.htm
  2. ↑ McKinley, Dale T. (29 April 2004). "South Africa: A disillusioned democracy". Green Left Weekly. Retrieved 2006-09-21.
  3. ↑ "ANC wins South African elections in low voter turnout". wsws.org.
  4. ↑ "The 'No Land, No House, No Vote' campaign still on for 2009". Abahlali baseMjondolo. 5 May 2005.
  5. ↑ "IndyMedia Presents: No Land! No House! No Vote!". Anti-Eviction Campaign. 12 December 2005.
  6. ↑ "April 14, 2004 General Election Results - Republic of South Africa Totals". Election Resources on the Internet. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
  7. ↑ "ACDP awarded an extra seat in parliament". IOL. 1 June 2004.
  8. ↑ "April 14, 2004 General Election Results - Eastern Cape". Election Resources on the Internet. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
  9. ↑ "April 14, 2004 General Election Results - Free State". Election Resources on the Internet. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
  10. ↑ "April 14, 2004 General Election Results - Gauteng". Election Resources on the Internet. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
  11. ↑ "April 14, 2004 General Election Results - KwaZulu-Natal". Election Resources on the Internet. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
  12. ↑ "April 14, 2004 General Election Results - Limpopo". Election Resources on the Internet. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
  13. ↑ "April 14, 2004 General Election Results - Mpumalanga". Election Resources on the Internet. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
  14. ↑ "April 14, 2004 General Election Results - North West". Election Resources on the Internet. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
  15. ↑ "April 14, 2004 General Election Results - Northern Cape". Election Resources on the Internet. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
  16. ↑ "April 14, 2004 General Election Results - Western Cape". Election Resources on the Internet. Retrieved 13 December 2010.
  17. ↑ John Kane-Berman; et al. (2004). South Africa Survey 2003/04. South African Institute of Race Relations. p. 462. ISBN 9780869824764.
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