South Korean constitutional referendum, 1972

South Korea

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A constitutional referendum was held in South Korea on 21 November 1972.^[1] President Park Chung-hee had suspended the constitution and dissolved the National Assembly in October. Work began almost immediately on a new constitution. The finished product was a severely authoritarian document that dramatically expanded the president's powers and allowed him to run for an unlimited number of six-year terms. For all intents and purposes, the document concentrated all governing power in Park's hands.

According to official figures, the new document was approved by 92.3% of voters, with a turnout of 91.9%.^[2] The referendum ushered in the Fourth Republic of South Korea.

Results

Choice	Votes	%
For	13,186,559	92.3
Against	1,106,143	7.7
Invalid/blank votes	118,012	–
Total	14,410,714	100
Registered voters/turnout	15,676,395	91.9
Source: Nohlen et al.

By province

Region	For	%	Against	%	Total	Turnout
Seoul	2,045,941	82.5	410,474	16.6	2,479,585	80.5
Busan	772,749	85.0	127,512	14.0	909,346	93.9
Gyeonggi	1,508,712	92.8	104,759	6.4	1,626,187	94.2
North Chungcheong	621,723	92.8	35,453	5.3	662,739	94.9
South Chungcheong	1,213,614	93.4	74,225	5.7	1,298,688	94.8
Gangwon	791,608	95.8	29,715	3.6	826,398	97.1
North Jeolla	1,015,489	93.5	61,186	5.6	1,086,542	94.2
South Jeolla	1,686,340	95.1	74,741	4.2	1,773,221	93.4
North Gyeongsang	1,983,081	94.1	104,873	5.0	2,108,501	95.3
South Gyeongsang	1,383,424	94.4	74,981	5.1	1,466,227	95.3
Jeju	163,885	94.6	8,224	4.7	173,280	94.9
Source: Kyunghyang Shinmun, 23 November 1972

References

↑ Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p420 ISBN 0-19-924959-8
↑ Nohlen et al, p427

Elections and referendums in South Korea

Presidential elections	1948 1952 1956 1960 (Mar) 1960 (Aug) 1963 1967 1971 1972 1978 1979 1980 1981 1987 1992 1997 2002 2007 2012 2017

Legislative elections	1946 1948 1950 1954 1958 1960 1963 1967 1971 1973 1978 1981 1985 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016

Local elections	1952 1956 1960 1991 1995 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018

By-elections	1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Referendums	1962 1969 1972 1975 1980 1987

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