Nundah, Queensland

Nundah
Brisbane, Queensland
Coordinates 27°24′07″S 153°03′58″E / 27.402°S 153.066°E / -27.402; 153.066Coordinates: 27°24′07″S 153°03′58″E / 27.402°S 153.066°E / -27.402; 153.066
Population 10,386 (2011 census)[1]
 • Density 2,890/km2 (7,470/sq mi)
Postcode(s) 4012
Area 3.6 km2 (1.4 sq mi)
LGA(s) City of Brisbane
State electorate(s) Clayfield, Nudgee
Federal Division(s) Lilley
Suburbs around Nundah:
Wavell Heights Virginia Northgate
Kedron Nundah Brisbane Airport
Wooloowin Clayfield Hendra

Nundah (previously called German Station) is an inner suburb in the city of Brisbane, Australia, approximately 8 kilometres north-east of the Brisbane central business district,[2] in the local government area of the City of Brisbane.

Prior to European settlement, Nundah was inhabited by Aboriginal people from the Turrbul tribe. Nundah is primarily a residential suburb, which straddles Sandgate Road, one of the major arterial roads of Brisbane's north. It was first settled by Europeans in the mid-19th century, although the suburb remained primarily a rural area until it was connected to Brisbane via railway in the 1880s.[3] Originally considered a working-class suburb, the area has become gentrified in recent years, and today features a mix of traditional worker's cottages and modern high-density apartment blocks. It is close to the Centro Shopping Centre. The name "Nundah" means "chain of water holes" in the local Aboriginal dialect.[4][5] This name is probably a reference to the nearby natural water sources at Kedron Brook and the marshy areas formerly to the east of the suburb.[6]

Geography

Nundah is a mixed-density residential suburb, with some light industry and a commercial retail area concentrated on Sandgate Road. It is adjacent to the suburbs of Clayfield, Northgate and Wavell Heights, and is dominated by a large ridge that runs from the northwest to the southeast. The "Nundah Village" shopping district and Nundah State School are on this ridge, while the George Bridges Tunnel bisects it along Sandgate Road.[7]

The suburb includes the locality and formerly distinct suburb of Toombul, which is centred in the south of Nundah, around Sandgate Road. Various facilities in Nundah are named after this locality, including the large shopping centre Centro Toombul, Toombul Bus Station and the Toombul railway station.

Schulz Canal runs through Nundah, bisecting the Toombul Shopping Centre Carpark. The low elevation of the carpark makes it particularly susceptible to flash flooding during peak storm seasons – often claiming the cars of unwary shoppers inside the centre and those attempting to cross the Melton Road bridge. The estuary of the canal is a moderately popular recreational fishing spot.

History

Aboriginal history

Like most of Northern Brisbane,[8] the area around Nundah was dominated by the Turrbul tribe.[9] Their traditional coastal trade route passed through Nundah, near the modern-day Hedley Avenue. There are also many significant Aboriginal sites near Nundah, such as Dinah Island, which was reportedly the site of the last traditional Aboriginal burial in the Brisbane area.[9] There were a number of bora rings in the area, indicating that the Nundah area was densely populated by Aboriginal people before European settlers arrived.[10]

European settlement

German mission

Memorial to the German Missionaries erected in 1938 for the area's centennial

The first permanent European settlement in the area was a mission built in 1838 by German Lutheran missionaries,[11] under the guidance of Reverend Carl Wilhelm Schmidt and later Reverend Christoph Eipper with the aim of bringing Christianity to the local Aboriginal people.[12][13] They first called the area "Zion",[7] and the mission was located in the vicinity of the modern-day street "Walkers Way".[14] It later became "German Station". The explorer Dr. Ludwig Leichhardt visited the area in 1843, and spoke very highly of the mission, but despite this the mission met with limited success and was closed at the behest of the colonial government in 1846.[13] This first settlement is nonetheless commemorated with a monument at the corner of Sandgate Road and Wood Street unveiled in 1938 by the then Premier of Queensland William Forgan Smith. The names of these German settlers can be seen in the names of streets in Nundah and surrounding suburbs such as Rode Road and Gerler Road.

Growth of the village of German Station

A prominent local citizen who contributed significantly to the development of the village of German Station was George Bridges (1820–1898). George and his young family immigrated from Wilstead, Bedfordshire, England to Queensland in 1852 aboard the "Marie Somes". In 1855, he acquired 64 acres (26 ha) of land north of Buckland Road and east of Sandgate Road for farming. However, as Sandgate became an increasingly popular holiday destination, the increasing volume of coach traffic along Sandgate Road encouraged him to open a hotel, which became a popular stop being roughly halfway between Brisbane and Sandgate. The first hotel was called the Kedron Hotel but the third and longest-running hotel was known as the Kedron Brook Hotel and was located alongside Sandgate Road (now Bage St) on the SW corner of his property. Emboldened by the success of his hotel ventures, George Bridges looked for other commercial opportunities. He observed that Sandgate Road at that time did a dog-leg around the SW corner of his property (along Buckland Road) which forced traffic to travel up and over Donkin's Hill. So he created a short-cut across the SW corner of his property that avoided the hill, which was much appreciated by the travellers, allowing George Bridges to sell off parcels of land along this new unofficial piece of Sandgate Road to commercial enterprises, which serviced both the travellers and the local farming community. This unofficial short-cut grew into the Nundah Village shopping street that exists today and eventually became the official route of Sandgate Road. Around 1872, George and his wife Mary retired to Burpengary and began to progressively sell off the land of their German Station property as the village developed.

Creation of the suburb of Nundah

German Station remained an agricultural area until the 1880s. In 1881, Queensland State Government purchased a strip of land across George Bridges's property to build a railway link between Brisbane and Sandgate. The railway opened in 1882 and resulted in a suburban residential construction boom on Brisbane's northside.[3] This urban sprawl was also encouraged by the Undue Subdivision of Land Prevention Act 1885, which mandated minimum lot sizes for new urban developments.[15] The village of German Station became known as a location where working-class families could obtain cheap housing on reasonably sized lots not too far from the city. George Bridges sold off his remaining land for residential development in the new suburb.

A railway station called "German" was created in 1882 (again on land originally owned by George Bridges), because they wanted the station to be called "German Station" rather than "German Station Station".[16] However, six weeks after the railway station opened, it was renamed "Nundah", derived from the Aboriginal name for the area.[17] In 1888, the name of the Post Office was also changed to Nundah,[18] signalling the renaming of the new suburb. However, the name "German Station" persisted for many years. For example, the German Station National School did not become Nundah State School until 1896. For many years it was common to find references to "Nundah" with the annotation "formerly German Station" in newspapers and advertisements, until the name "Nundah" was well established.

From 1890, Nundah was the seat of the Shire of Toombul, which was absorbed into the City of Greater Brisbane in 1925.[19][20] The Toombul Shire Hall still exists as a community centre.[20]

In 1909, Surrey Street in Nundah became the site of the first public housing dwelling in Queensland.[21] In the early twentieth century, Nundah became a major suburban centre, due to its location on Sandgate Road, one of Brisbane's busiest arterial roads, and the adjacent Nundah railway station. Sandgate Road and nearby streets were lined with shops, pubs, cinemas and other commercial premises.

The Shire of Toombul War Memorial was dedicated by the Governor of Queensland, Matthew Nathan, on 12 November 1921. The memorial commemorates who served in World War I. It is located in Nundah Memorial Park (then known as Buckland Park) (27°24′10″S 153°03′31″E / 27.402890°S 153.058696°E / -27.402890; 153.058696 (Shire of Toombul War Memorial)).[22][23]

In 1926, George Walker suggested a monument be built to mark the beginnings of Nundah, which was unveiled by the Queensland Governor Sir Leslie Orme Wilson on 23 April 1938 as part of the First Free Settlers' Centenary Celebrations. This First Free Settlers Monument is listed in the Queensland Heritage Register.

Decline of Nundah

Nundah's commercial precinct suffered a precipitous decline from the 1970s with the construction of the nearby Westfield Shoppingtown (Later Centro) Toombul shopping centre.[24] Increasing motor traffic along Sandgate Road also reduced Nundah's appeal as a shopping precinct as it was difficult to park. Gradually many shops closed, and those that opened in their place were often "low-class" establishments such as pawn brokers, charity stores etc. that were unappealing to most shoppers, driving them increasingly to shop at Toombul.

Renewal of Nundah

However, in 2001 a road tunnel was constructed under nearby Bage Street, diverting through traffic away from the suburban centre. There was considerable popular support[25] to name the road tunnel after George Bridges in recognition of his contribution to the development of the district and the fact that the tunnel was located on his original land holding. However, the local member Liddy Clark would not support it for fear it would offend the Aboriginal community. In 2009 as part of Queenslands 150th Birthday Celebrations, the Nundah Bypass Tunnel was renamed "George Bridges Tunnel".[26]

In 2008 the Brisbane City Council suburban renewal programme has seen new art installations, cafés and commercial enterprises open in Nundah, creating a village-like atmosphere along the now-quiet Sandgate Road.[27] The suburb has now become popular among white collar workers seeking relatively inexpensive housing and apartments only a moderate distance from the Brisbane CBD. Since then, along with the rest of the city, housing prices in the area have skyrocketed, pricing most of the traditional working class out of the suburb.

Heritage listings

The Toombul Shire Hall is a heritage-listed building in Nundah.
Corpus Christi Church, 2015

Nundah has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:

Demographics

In the 2011 census the population of Nundah was 10,386, 50.6% female and 49.4% male.[1] The median age of the Nundah population was 34 years of age, 3 years below the Australian median. 66.4% of people living in Nundah were born in Australia, compared to the national average of 69.8%; the next most common countries of birth were New Zealand 5.4%, India 4.4%, England 3.4%, Philippines 1.6%, China 1.2%. 78.4% of people spoke only English at home; the next most common languages were 1.4% Hindi, 1.3% Mandarin, 1% Punjabi, 0.8% Italian, 0.7% Tagalog.[1]

Transport

Due to its inner-northern location, there are a variety of options for transport within the suburb. Both the Nundah City railway station and the Toombul City railway station are located within the suburb. Both of these railway stations are on both the Caboolture Line and the Shorncliffe railway line, giving both stations 15-minute frequencies throughout the day seven days a week. There are many council bus services that run through the area, including the Great Circle Line.

The Nundah Bypass is a 285 metre long road tunnel, open to general traffic, that runs underneath the Nundah Village commercial area. Completed in 2001, it provides an alternative route to traffic travelling along Sandgate Road, allowing motorists to avoid the narrow streets of the village area, and reducing traffic congestion for local residents.[35]

Commerce

Nundah Village shopping centre

Nundah retails a traditional "shopping strip" commercial district, centred mainly along the section of Sandgate Road that has been bypassed by the Nundah Bypass.[35] There are plenty of cafes and speciality shops, as well as some medical facilities. There is also a small shopping centre anchored by a Woolworths supermarket, which was opened in mid-2007, containing over 200 parking spots, a Subway store, a Coffee Club, and numerous other small shops. There are proposals to relocate the Nundah Library into the Nundah Village district.[36][37]

Governance

Nundah is in the federal electorate of Lilley.[38] The seat has been held by Wayne Swan of the Australian Labor Party since the 1998 federal election.[38] The suburb lies on the border between the state electorates of Clayfield (held by Liberal Tim Nicholls),[39][40] and Nudgee (held by Labor's Leanne Linard).[41][42] Locally, the suburb is part of the Northgate Ward, held by LNP's Adam Allan.[43]

In earlier times, it was part of the Nundah electorate, one of the historical Electoral districts of Queensland.

Toombul District Cricket Club

The Toombul District Cricket Club is directly across Duke Street from Nundah Train Station. It covers 3.5 hectares, and is bordered by York Street, Duke Street, Melton Road and Jenner Street. The club was founded in 1882, and has been based at Oxenham Park in the heart of Nundah since 1912.

The cricket club provides a family friendly, relaxed atmosphere for local residents to take in a match on Saturdays and Sundays during summer, and enhances the village feel of Nundah by being an exceptionally welcoming club, with full bar and canteen facilities open to locals. In November 2016, Toombul began renovations to the clubhouse including a rooftop bar, in line with the gentrification and development of Nundah.

Famous players that have played for Toombul at Oxenham Park over the years include three of Don Bradman's 1948 Invincibles; Bill Brown (cricketer), Don Tallon, and Colin McCool. Others include Jeff Thomson, Ken Mackay, Ron Oxenham, Ryan Harris, Chris Lynn and Wally Grout.

Notable residents

An index to people mentioned in the book From Pioneering Days: Nundah Northgate Virginia by Nundah & Districts Historical Society Inc can be found here. While many of the people listed are residents of the district, some people may have had only a peripheral involvement with it.

Landmarks

The Royal English Hotel

Parks

The Shire of Toombul War Memorial (Digger Memorial) at the Nundah Memorial Park
Nundah State School

Educational institutions

Churches

Since the earliest days of the Zion's Hill mission, there have been a number of churches in the area. The Lutheran church continues to maintain a presence in the suburb, with a number of facilities, including St Paul's church, a childcare centre, and the Zion Retirement home clustered around the area near the corner of Buckland Road and Atthow Parade.

Other denominations also have a presence in the area, including the Catholic Church which has a combined church and girls' school on Bage Street. The Presbyterian, Baptist, Uniting and Anglican churches also have places of worship located within the suburb. Jehovah's Witnesses have a Kingdom Hall in the suburb, which is attended by both the Nundah and Clayfield congregations. Historically, the Methodist church and the Salvation Army also maintained churches in the area, although these are no longer active.

Community services

References

  1. 1 2 3 Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Nundah (State Suburb)". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 26 October 2013.
  2. ↑ "Brisbane Suburb Home: Nundah". OurBrisbane. Archived from the original on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 26 January 2008.
  3. 1 2 Madonna King (31 March 2006). "Local History – Sandgate". ABC Brisbane. abc.net.au. Archived from the original on 7 January 2008. Retrieved 26 January 2008.
  4. ↑ "Origin of Brisbane Suburb Names". Our Indooroopilly. Retrieved 29 January 2007.
  5. ↑ "NOMENCLATURE OF QUEENSLAND—229.". The Courier-Mail. Brisbane: National Library of Australia. 24 June 1936. p. 14. Retrieved 9 September 2012.
  6. ↑ "Nundah and Toombul". Northgate Ward. Archived from the original on 28 March 2007. Retrieved 29 January 2007.
  7. 1 2 "Bikeway to fill missing link". Northgate Ward. January 2003. Retrieved 26 January 2008.
  8. ↑ "The North Pine Clan". Pine Rivers State High School. Retrieved 26 January 2008.
  9. 1 2 "Historical Events". Nundah and Districts Historical Society. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 23 June 2007.
  10. ↑ Tilston, John (2005). Meanjin to Brisvegas: Brisbane Comes of Age. p. 94. ISBN 978-1-4116-5216-3.
  11. ↑ These missionaries were:
    • Peter Niquet – mason (married)
    • August Rode – cabinet-maker (married)
    • Johann Leopold Zillmann – blacksmith (married)
    • Gottfried Haussmann – farmer (married)
    • Wilhelm Hartenstein – weaver (married)
    • Carl Franz – tailor
    • Gottfried Wagner – shoemaker
    • August Olbrecht – shoemaker
    • Ludwig Doege – gardener
    • Moritz Schneider – medical missionary (married)
    • Carl Wilhelm Schmidt – ordained minister
    • Christoph Eipper – ordained minister
  12. ↑ Lack, Clem (1959). Triumph in the Tropics: An Historical Sketch of Queensland. Brisbane: Smith & Paterson.
  13. 1 2 Jupp, James (2002). The Australian People: An Encyclopedia of the Nation, its People and their Origins. Cambridge University Press. p. 369. ISBN 978-0-521-80789-0.
  14. ↑ "Early History of Nundah". Retrieved 29 January 2007.
  15. ↑ P.R. Skinner (March 2004). "When a little is a Lot: an architect's view" (PDF). Queensland Planner. Retrieved 26 January 2008.
  16. ↑ "[COMMUNICATED.] A SCENE IN THE HOUSE.". The Brisbane Courier. National Library of Australia. 22 July 1882. p. 7. Retrieved 6 March 2011.
  17. ↑ From Pioneering Days, Nundah, Northgate, Virginia. Nundah & Districts Historical Society Inc, Brisbane. 2002.
  18. ↑ "LOCAL GOVERNMENT.". The Brisbane Courier. National Library of Australia. 8 March 1888. p. 5. Retrieved 6 March 2011.
  19. ↑ "Toombul Shire Hall (Former)". Environmental Protection Agency. Archived from the original on 13 October 2004. Retrieved 28 January 2008.
  20. 1 2 "History of Nundah". OurBrisbane. Archived from the original on 22 September 2007. Retrieved 28 January 2008.
  21. ↑ "Early 1900s: The Workers' Dwellings Branch". Department of Housing. Retrieved 28 January 2008.
  22. ↑ "The Shire of Toombul War Memorial". Monument Australia. Retrieved 25 May 2014.
  23. ↑ "TOOMBUL WAR MEMORIAL.". The Queenslander. National Library of Australia. 19 November 1921. p. 18. Retrieved 26 May 2014.
  24. ↑ "Chapter Two – 1960 – 1970 – Determination, Drive, and Debentures" (PDF). Westfield Group. Retrieved 30 January 2008.
  25. ↑ Letter to Dept of Main Roads from Nundah & Districts Historical Society, 1 May 2001
  26. 1 2 Wallace, Craig. "Local pioneer honoured in Q150 celebrations – Thursday, November 19, 2009". Ministerial Media statements. Queensland Government. Archived from the original on 17 March 2011. Retrieved 3 February 2012.
  27. ↑ Kim Flesser. "Another boost to Nundah's renewal". Northgate Ward. Retrieved 30 January 2008.
  28. ↑ "Corpus Christi Church (entry 601460)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
  29. ↑ "Nundah Cemetery (entry 600271)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
  30. ↑ "First Free Settlers Monument (entry 601926)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
  31. ↑ "Nundah Air Raid Shelter (entry 602484)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
  32. ↑ "Toombul Shire Hall (former) (entry 600272)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
  33. ↑ "Workers' Dwelling No.1 (entry 600273)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
  34. ↑ "Nundah Fire Station (former) (entry 602119)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
  35. 1 2 "Nundah Bypass". Arup. Retrieved 3 February 2008.
  36. ↑ Flesser, Kim. "Banyo Library, Nundah Library: Speech to Brisbane City Council – Tuesday 17th February 2009" (PDF). Northgate Ward, Brisbane City Council. Retrieved 9 September 2012.
  37. ↑ Flesser, Kim. "Toombul/Nundah District Neighbourhood Plan: Edited Speech – Brisbane City Council meeting 7th June 2011" (PDF). Northgate Ward, Brisbane City Council. Retrieved 9 September 2012.
  38. 1 2 "Lilley". Australian Electoral Commission. Retrieved 28 January 2008.
  39. ↑ "Clayfield" (PDF). Queensland Electoral Commission. Retrieved 28 January 2008.
  40. ↑ "Tim Nicholls MP". Queensland Coalition. Retrieved 28 January 2008.
  41. ↑ "Nudgee" (PDF). Queensland Electoral Commission. Retrieved 28 January 2008.
  42. ↑ "2012 State General Election – Nudgee – District Summary". Electoral Commission Queensland. Retrieved 5 December 2012.
  43. ↑ "Cr Kim Flesser". Brisbane City Council. Retrieved 28 January 2008.
  44. ↑ "NEW STREET NAMES.". The Courier-Mail. Brisbane: National Library of Australia. 13 December 1938. p. 3. Retrieved 26 May 2014.
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