Transfer RNA-like structures

Transfer RNA-like structures (tRNA-like structures) are RNA sequences, which have a similar tertiary structure to tRNA; they frequently contain a pseudoknot close to the 3' end.^[1] The presence of tRNA-like structures has been demonstrated in many plant virus RNA genomes. These tRNA-like structures are linked to regulation of plant virus replication.^[1]

tRNA-like structures mimic some tRNA function, such as aminoacylation. There are three aminoacylation specificities, valine, histidine and tyrosine. For example, valine binds to the tRNA-like structure of the turnip yellow mosaic virus genome whilst tyrosine binds to the tRNA-like structure of the barley stripe mosaic virus genome.^[2] tRNA-like structures which lack the 3' termini lack complete or partial tRNA mimicry.

tRNA-like structures are required for RNA encapsulation and increase RNA stability. They also act as 3'-translational enhancers^[3] and regulators of minus strand synthesis.^[1]

Gallery of secondary structure images

TLS-PK1: Secondary structure taken from the Rfam database. Family RF01075. Derived from Pseudobase PKB00138 PKB00164

TLS-PK2: Secondary structure taken from the Rfam database. Family RF01077. Derived from Pseudobase PKB00139 PKB00057

TLS-PK3: Secondary structure taken from the Rfam database. Family RF01084. Derived from Pseudobase PKB00134 PKB00136 PKB00137.

TLS-PK4: Secondary structure taken from the Rfam database. Family RF01085. Derived from Pseudobase PKB00135

TLS-PK5: Secondary structure taken from the Rfam database. Family RF01088. Derived from Pseudobase PKB00143

TLS-PK6: Secondary structure taken from the Rfam database. Family RF01101. Derived from Pseudobase PKB00130

References

1 2 3 Dreher TW (July 2008). "Role of tRNA-like structures in controlling plant virus replication". Virus Res. 139 (2): 217–29. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2008.06.010. PMC 2676847. PMID 18638511.
↑ Mans RM, Pleij CW, Bosch L (October 1991). "tRNA-like structures. Structure, function and evolutionary significance". Eur. J. Biochem. 201 (2): 303–24. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb16288.x. PMID 1935928.
↑ Matsuda D, Dreher TW (March 2004). "The tRNA-like structure of Turnip yellow mosaic virus RNA is a 3'-translational enhancer". Virology. 321 (1): 36–46. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2003.10.023. PMID 15033563.

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