Typhoon Fanapi

Typhoon Fanapi (Inday)
Typhoon (JMA scale)
Category 3 (Saffir–Simpson scale)

Typhoon Fanapi approaching Taiwan on September 18
Formed September 14, 2010
Dissipated September 21, 2010
Highest winds 10-minute sustained: 140 km/h (85 mph)
1-minute sustained: 205 km/h (125 mph)
Lowest pressure 930 hPa (mbar); 27.46 inHg
Fatalities 80 total
Damage $893 million (2010 USD)
Areas affected Japan, Taiwan, China
Part of the 2010 Pacific typhoon season

Typhoon Fanapi, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Inday, was a damaging and deadly typhoon that struck Taiwan and southeastern China in September 2010. It was the eleventh tropical storm and fourth typhoon of the annual season. The storm formed on September 14 east of the Philippines and moved slowly for several days, initially to the northwest, then curving to the northeast before turning westward due to a ridge to the north. During this time, Fanapi intensified to reach 10 minute maximum sustained winds of 175 km/h (110 mph). Fanapi made its first landfall on September 19 over Hualien, Taiwan, becoming the first typhoon to hit the island since Typhoon Morakot in August 2009. Later that day made a final landfall in Fujian, China. The storm dissipated on September 21 over southern China.

The typhoon first affected southern Japan, bringing rainfall to the outer Miyako Islands. However, impacts were worst in Taiwan and mainland China. In southern Taiwan, Fanapi dropped heavy rainfall, peaking at 1,126 mm (44 in) in Majia, Pingtung. About 150,000 people evacuated their homes, and there were heightened preparations after the damaging effects of Typhoon Morakot the previous year. The heavy rainfall from Fanapi caused landslides, heavy crop damage, and flooding, notably in the major city of Kaohsiung, where rains totaled 506 mm (19.9 in). In some areas of the city, the floods reached over one-story deep, inundating cars and causing about NT$3 billion (New Taiwan dollar, US$93.75 million) in industrial damage.[nb 1] There were five deaths in Taiwan during the storm's passage, and damage was estimated at NT$5 billion (US$158 million).

Later, the threat from Fanapi caused 264,000 people to evacuate their homes in southeastern China. The storm dropped heavy rainfall in the region, reaching 640 mm (25 in) in Guangdong. Fanapi also caused landslides there, killing 75 people, including 28 in Xinyi due to a collapse at a mine. Also in Guangdong, the storm wrecked 16,000 homes and flooded 66,400 ha (164,000 acres) of crop fields. Provincial damage was estimated at ¥5 billion (CNY, $735 million). The name Fanapi was later retired due to the heavy damage.

Meteorological history

The track map of Fanapi

An area of convection, or thunderstorms, persisted west of Guam on September 13,[1] in association with the monsoon trough.[2] The system gradually developed a low-level circulation and rainbands, aided by low wind shear from an anticyclone aloft.[1] Late on September 14, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)[nb 2] designated the system as a tropical depression to the east of the Philippine island of Luzon.[3] Around the same time, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC)[nb 3] classified the system as Tropical Depression 12W. A nearby tropical upper tropospheric trough limited the depression's outflow to the north, although convection continued to increase. The depression moved northwestward along the southwestern periphery of a ridge.[5] At 03:00 UTC on September 15, the Philippine-based PAGASA began warning on the system, giving it the local name Inday.[6] Nine hours later, the JMA named the system Tropical Storm Fanapi.[3]

As a strengthening tropical storm, Fanapi developed deeper convection near the center. A passing trough to the north weakened the ridge and caused the storm to slow,[7] turning northeastward by September 16. That day, Fanapi developed an eye feature,[8] becoming a typhoon at 18:00 UTC.[3] As the ridge built into the East China Sea, the storm responded by turning to the northwest, and at the same time, outflow improved to the north.[9] The eye organized further as it contracted to a diameter of 19 km (12 mi). By that time, the typhoon was moving due westward toward Taiwan, steered by a ridge over northeastern China. At 06:00 UTC on September 18, the JTWC estimated that Fanapi attained peak 1 minute winds of 195 km/h (120 mph).[10] Around the same time, the JMA estimated peak 10 minute winds of 175 km/h (110 mph).[3]

Fanapi shortly after intensifying into a typhoon

Early on September 19, Typhoon Fanapi made landfall over eastern Taiwan near Hualien City with winds of 162 km/h (101 mph), according to Taiwan's Central Weather Bureau.[11] The storm subsequently weakened over land,[3] dipping southwestward as convection diminished over the northern portion of the storm.[12] However, the storm resumed its westward trajectory and soon moved over the Taiwan Strait as a severe tropical storm.[3] The thunderstorms reorganized slightly as Fanapi reached open waters, and a nearby ship reported winds of 120 km/h (75 mph).[13] Early on September 20, the storm made a second landfall on southeastern China near Fujian and weakened further over land,[3][14] although thunderstorms persisted southeast of the circulation along the coast.[15] Fanapi weakened into a tropical depression later that day and dissipated late on September 21.[3]

Preparations

In Taiwan, the threat of Fanapi forced the closure of rail lines and cancellation of flights from Kaohsiung International Airport,[11] and at least 156 flights were canceled.[16] The storm caused the Kaohsiung seaport in southern Taiwan to close,[17] thus delaying shipments from nearby chemical plants.[18] Many boats rode out the storm at port.[19] Portions of the Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit system suspended their service,[20] and the Maokong Gondola was shut down during the storm.[21]

Ahead of the storm, officials issued landslide warnings along 61 rivers,[22] and residents in landslide-prone areas were ordered to evacuate.[11] About 10,000 people left their homes in mountainous areas.[23] Hotels were also evacuated, and residents boarded up windows,[11] with schools and businesses closed.[24] Overall, about 150,000 were evacuated due to the storm,[19] with over 7,500 people staying in their houses and requiring assistance to leave after the floods.[25] After the damaging impacts of Typhoon Morakot from the year prior, officials enacted enhanced preparations for Fanapi,[19] including activating over 19,000 emergency workers.[26] Anticipating heavy rainfall, workers at the Tsengwen Reservoir drained waters ahead of the storm.[21] Farmers also rushed to complete harvests,[27] causing a temporary drop in price due to excess supply.[28] The inaugural Yeangder Tournament Players Championship was reduced to a 54-stroke play due to the Typhoon.[29]

The shipping route linking Xiamen, in east China's Fujian Province, and Jinmen, in Taiwan was closed as the typhoon closed in.[30] Chinese officials ordered over 55,000 fishing boats to return to port in Fujian.[19] In Xiamen province north of where Fanapi moved ashore, all kindergarten through middle schools were closed.[31] Across Fujian province, 186,000 people evacuated due to the storm. The Fuzhou Changle International Airport in the province's capital city canceled 37 flights due to the storm.[30] About 78,000 people in low-lying areas of Guangdong left their houses.[32] Oil futures rose in Asia due to the potential for the storm affecting China's offshore oil platforms.[33] While Fanapi was still over Taiwan, the Hong Kong Observatory issued the Number 1 Standby Warning and later upgraded it to a warning Number 3 for Hong Kong. The storm ultimately passed about 150 km (95 mi) north of the territory.[14]

Impact

While moving toward Taiwan, Fanapi affected the southernmost islands of Japan, bringing heavy rainfall to Okinawa Prefecture. Ohara recorded 221 mm (8.7 in) of precipitation during the storm's passage. High winds were recorded as well, peaking at 158 km/h (98 mph) at Taketomi, Okinawa.[34] The storm caused flights to be canceled in the Miyako Islands.[35]

Taiwan

Flood in Kaohsiung, Taiwan caused by the typhoon

By the time Fanapi made landfall, portions of Taiwan reported 300 mm (12 in) of rainfall.[11] Overall rainfall peaked at 1,126 mm (44 in) on the island in Majia, Pingtung.[26] These were the heaviest rainfall totals in 10 years in some locations.[36] This led to flooding in the southern portion of the island, with flash flooding occurring in Kaohsiung, the island's second largest city.[37] Rainfall rates there reached 100 mm (4 in) per hour at one point,[36] totaling 506 mm (19.9 in);[38] this was the heaviest in 50 years.[39] Several reservoirs were filled to capacity across Taiwan.[40] Wind gusts also reached 220 km/h (138 mph).[37] During the storm, a Mw5.2 earthquake struck eastern Taiwan, although it did not cause any additional injuries.[41]

In Kaohsiung, nine of the eleven administrative districts were filled with water.[42] Thousands of homes and vehicles were flooded, reaching over one-story in height.[43] Flooding shut down 10 petrochemical plants in Kaohsiung,[37] causing NT$3 billion (New Taiwan dollar, US$93.75 million) in industrial damage.[44] Also in the city, a nursing home was flooded while residents were inside, forcing firemen and rescuers to evacuate the senior citizens; due to inadequate staffing during the storm, the facility was later shut down.[45] The severe flooding in Kaohsuing resulted from inadequate handling by the sewage system,[46] which was designed to handle 321 mm (12.6 in) of daily precipitation.[47] Flood systems were designed to withstand a 1 in 50 year flood, and the deluge from Fanapi was previously estimated to occur only once every 200 years; after the storm, the government began the process of reviewing the standards.[43]

High winds broke windows across Taiwan,[18] while also knocking down trees and traffic lights.[19] The storm damaged 438 schools, mostly affecting colleges and universities.[48] The passage of Fanapi left about 890,000 homes without power, and another 17,000 without water.[25] Floods also affected 23,470 ha (58,000 acres) of crop fields, mostly to banana plantations. The storm killed 8,791 pigs and 533,000 chickens, and many fish breeding ponds were marred.[49] Agriculture damage was preliminarily estimated at $NT2.12 billion (US$65.27 million).[50] The storm forced 25 roads to be closed, mostly due to debris.[23] The South-Link Line was shut down after a railroad bridge along the Taimali River was washed out.[25] Across Taiwan, 111 people were injured,[25] mainly due to broken glass, and some were blown off motorcycles by high winds.[23] A girl drowned after slipping into the flooded Taoyuan Canal, and a companion attempting to rescue her died as well. One woman drowned after falling into a swollen river while harvesting her crops.[21] These three deaths were not directly related to the storm.[51] The storm directly killed two people – one was due to electrocution in Pingtung County, and the other due to drowning in Tainan County.[52] Overall damage was estimated at NT$5 billion (US$158 million).[53]

China

Tropical Storm Fanapi leaves Taiwan for China

The storm brought heavy rainfall to southern China, with six counties in Fujian Province reporting over 200 mm (7.9 in) of precipitation in 23 hours. Rainfall was the heaviest in a century in some portions of Guangdong.[54][55] Yangchun recorded 548.5 mm (21.59 in) in just seven hours, which broke the daily precipitation record set in 1958.[56] Elsewhere in Guangdong, 24‑hour rainfall reached over 640 mm (25 in).[32]

Moving ashore in Fujian, the high winds from Fanapi knocked over trees and billboards.[31] However, damage was heaviest in neighboring Guangdong,[57] where the storm's heavy rainfall caused widespread mudslides in the western mountainous regions. The landslides cut off traffic between cities, in conjunction with floodwaters.[58] In Xinyi, a storm-related landslide collapsed a dam at a mine,[56] killing 28 people,[59] including four people downstream. The collapse also damaged homes and farms while killing over 100 tons of fish.[60] Damage in the city alone was estimated at ¥460 million (Chinese yuan, US$68.5 million),[56] with 350 houses destroyed.[61] The floods forced about 128,000 people to evacuate in Guangdong,[59] including 18,930 people in Yangchun.[56] Fanapi wrecked 16,000 homes and flooded 66,400 ha (164,000 acres) of crop fields. Throughout Guangdong, Fanapi killed 75 people and provincial damage was estimated at ¥5 billion (CNY, $735 million).[59]

While passing north of Hong Kong, Fanapi produced thunderstorms and gale-force winds in Hong Kong,[14] with a peak precipitation of 295.5 mm (11.63 in).[62] The rains caused isolated flooding that caused residents in Pok Fu Lam to require rescue. The winds knocked over 47 trees, some of which damaged vehicles, but otherwise damage was minor in the territory.[14]

Aftermath

In response to the Taiwan flooding in Kaohsiung, officials deployed 7,888 troops to the southern portion of the island to assist in rescue and recovery work.[41] Soldiers also set up five medical centers,[25] and utilized amphibious vehicles to rescue people in flooded areas.[24] Taiwan's president Ma Ying-jeou toured the flooded regions on September 23, emphasizing that efforts to drain the flooding should be the main priority.[63] More than 100 buildings in Kaohsiung required water pumps and thousands of volunteers to remove standing water from basements and streets. The mayor Kiku Chen temporarily suspended her reelection campaign due to the floods.[46] About 80% of the factories in Kaohsiung were reopened by September 21.[25] The high crop damage allowed farmers to qualify for low interest loans.[36] Rail lines took two weeks to reopen due to damage.[42] Power and water service was restored within days of the storm, although residents in flooded areas were advised to boil water before usage.[25] There was also an increase in dengue fever after the floods.[64] The Red Cross Society of China donated about US$100,000 in the days after the storm.[65] The government announced on September 20 that families affected by the floods would receive NT$30,000 (US$945.92) per house.[66] Throughout Taiwan, exports during September 2010 decreased 6.9% from August's levels due to the storm and an industrial fire.[67]

In mainland China, officials used helicopters to airdrop relief goods to Guangdong. By three days after the storm, workers distributed 2,000 tents and 1,000 beds.[57] Once the floodwaters dropped, residents returned their homes to clean up the mud and damage. Farm officials in Guangdong used 50 tons of disinfectant to prevent the spread of disease, while the provincial government allocated ¥240 million (CNY, US$35 million) for rebuilding.[59] About 1,000 soldiers worked to clean debris and animal carcasses from the reservoir providing drinking water to Maoming.[39] The collapsed dam in Guangdong was later torn down due to being structurally deficient.[68] Zijin Mining, the owner of the dam, had to sell a mine to pay for compensation and fines related to the incident,[69] which ultimately totaled ¥245 million (CNY, US$38.7 million).[70] After the storm, the Red Cross Society of China provided ¥1 million (CNY, US$148,000) to localities affected hardest by the storm, as well as distributing mosquito nets, water purifiers, food, and clothing.[71]

The name Fanapi was retired at the 43rd annual meeting of ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee in Jeju, South Korea, in January 2011.[72] In February 2012, the committee selected the name Rai to replace Fanapi on the naming lists.[73] It was first used during the 2016 season.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ All damage totals are in 2003 values of their respective currencies.
  2. ↑ The Japan Meteorological Agency is the official Regional Specialized Meteorological Center for the western Pacific Ocean.[3]
  3. ↑ The Joint Typhoon Warning Center is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force task force that issues tropical cyclone warnings for the western Pacific Ocean and other regions.[4]

References

  1. 1 2 "Significant Tropical Weather Outlook for the Western and South Pacific Oceans". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2010-09-13. Archived from the original on September 13, 2010. Retrieved 2015-06-14.
  2. ↑ Darwin Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre (September 2010). "Darwin Tropical Diagnostic Statement" (PDF). 29 (9). Bureau of Meteorology: 2. Retrieved 2015-06-14.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Annual Report on Activities of the RSMC Tokyo: Typhoon Center 2010 (PDF) (Report). Japan Meteorological Agency. 8. Retrieved 2015-06-14.
  4. ↑ "Joint Typhoon Warning Center Mission Statement". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2011. Archived from the original on 2007-07-26. Retrieved 2012-07-25.
  5. ↑ "Tropical Depression 12W (Twelve) Warning NR 001". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2010-09-14. Archived from the original on September 14, 2010. Retrieved 2015-06-14.
  6. ↑ "Tropical Depression "Inday" Severe Weather Bulletin Number One". PAGASA. 2010-09-15. Archived from the original on September 15, 2010. Retrieved 2015-06-14.
  7. ↑ "Tropical Storm 12W (Fanapi) Warning NR 005". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2010-09-15. Archived from the original on September 15, 2010. Retrieved 2015-06-14.
  8. ↑ "Tropical Storm 12W (Fanapi) Warning NR 007". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2010-09-15. Archived from the original on September 16, 2010. Retrieved 2015-06-14.
  9. ↑ "Typhoon 12W (Fanapi) Warning NR 011". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2010-09-16. Archived from the original on September 17, 2010. Retrieved 2015-06-14.
  10. ↑ "Typhoon 12W (Fanapi) Warning NR 015". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2010-09-18. Archived from the original on September 18, 2010. Retrieved 2015-06-15.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 "Typhoon Fanapi lashes Taiwan". Herald Sun. Associated Press. 2010-09-19. Retrieved 2015-06-15.
  12. ↑ "Typhoon 12W (Fanapi) Warning NR 019". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2010-09-19. Archived from the original on September 19, 2010. Retrieved 2015-06-15.
  13. ↑ "Typhoon 12W (Fanapi) Warning NR 021". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2010-09-19. Archived from the original on September 20, 2010. Retrieved 2015-06-15.
  14. 1 2 3 4 "Severe Typhoon Fanapi (1011) 15-21 September 2010". Hong Kong Observatory. 2012-12-21. Retrieved 2015-06-16.
  15. ↑ "Tropical Storm 12W (Fanapi) Warning NR 023". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2010-09-20. Archived from the original on September 20, 2010. Retrieved 2015-06-15.
  16. ↑ "Typhoon injures 45 in Taiwan, heads to China". ReliefWeb. Reuters. 2010-09-19. Retrieved 2015-06-22.
  17. ↑ "Typhoon injures 45 in Taiwan". Reuters. 2010-09-19. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  18. 1 2 Ralph Jennings (2010-09-20). "Typhoon injures 107, shuts plants in Taiwan; China next". Reuters. Retrieved 2015-06-15.
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 "Powerful typhoon lashes Taiwan". ReliefWeb. Agence France-Presse. 2010-09-19. Retrieved 2015-06-22.
  20. ↑ "Typhoon Fanapi causes two missing in Kaohsiung and 75 injured nationwide". Taiwan News. 2010-09-19. Retrieved 2015-07-20.
  21. 1 2 3 "Three dead in accidents linked to Typhoon Fanapi". CNN. 2010-09-18. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  22. ↑ "Council of Agriculture issues landslide warning against 61 rivers in Taiwan". Taiwan News. 2010-09-19. Retrieved 2015-07-20.
  23. 1 2 3 Debby Wu (2010-09-20). "Typhoon Fanapi knocks out power, transportation in Taiwan". Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  24. 1 2 "Taiwan cleans up as Typhoon Fanapi reaches China". BBC. 2010-09-20. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  25. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Shelley Shan; Vincent Y. Chao; Ko Shu-ling (2010-09-21). "Nation assesses the damage after storm". Taipei Times. Retrieved 2015-07-21.
  26. 1 2 "Typhoon Fanapi Lashes South China as It Hits Fujian". Bloomberg. 2010-09-10. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  27. ↑ Wang Guanqun (2010-09-18). "Taiwan braces for typhoon Fanapi". Xinhua. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  28. ↑ "Typhoon Fanapi's arrival sends vegetable prices lower". Central News Agency. 2010-09-19. Retrieved 2015-07-20.
  29. ↑ "Thaworn Declared Winner". Asian Tour. 2010-09-19. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  30. 1 2 "Taiwan Strait shipping route closed as Typhoon Fanapi nears". Xinhua. 2010-09-19. Retrieved 2015-07-20.
  31. 1 2 Wang Guanqun (2010-09-20). "China: Typhoon Fanapi lands on Fujian Province". ReliefWeb. Xinhua. Retrieved 2015-06-22.
  32. 1 2 "Death toll from typhoon in southern China rises to 54". BBC. 2010-09-23. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  33. ↑ "OIL FUTURES: Crude Up on Technical Rebound, Storm Concerns - WSJ.com". Online.wsj.com. 2010-09-20. Archived from the original on October 30, 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-24.
  34. ↑ Digital Typhoon. Typhoon 201011 (Fanapi) (Report). Retrieved 2015-06-16.
  35. ↑ "Taiwan, China on alert as powerful typhoon nears". The Inquirer. Agence France-Presse. 2010-09-18. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  36. 1 2 3 "Typhoon Fanapi causes flooding, agricultural losses". Taiwan Today. 2010-09-20. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  37. 1 2 3 "Taiwan clear up begins after typhoon flooding". ReliefWeb. Agence France-Presse. 2010-09-20. Retrieved 2015-06-22.
  38. ↑ "The maximum value of the station's total rainfall statistics" (in Chinese). Central Weather Bureau. Retrieved 2015-07-22.
  39. 1 2 Lee Seok Hwai (2010-09-29). "Storm hits mayor's re-election chances; Kaohsiung voters angry at response to typhoon damage". The Straits Times. – via Lexis Nexis (subscription required)
  40. ↑ Liu Chia-tai; Lin Shuyuan; Shen Rui-feng; Lin Szy-ui; Chen Shun-hsieh; Huang Kuo-fang; Maubo Chang (2010-09-19). "Typhoon Fanapi moves away from Taiwan". Taiwan Times. Retrieved 2015-07-21.
  41. 1 2 "Additional military typhoon aid to be deployed in Taiwan". ReliefWeb. Kuwait News Agency. 2010-09-20. Retrieved 2015-06-22.
  42. 1 2 "Kaohsiung City Government investigates into causes as floods recede". Taiwan News. 2010-09-20. Retrieved 2015-07-21.
  43. 1 2 "Upgrades needed for flood control facilities; premier". Taiwan News. 2010-09-20. Retrieved 2015-07-21.
  44. ↑ "Typhoon-related industrial losses estimated at NT$3 billion: MOEA". Central News Agency. 2010-09-20. Retrieved 2015-07-20.
  45. ↑ "Care home shut for leaving elderly in danger". China Post. 2010-09-22. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  46. 1 2 "Kaohsiung City seeks aids in cleaning standing water". Taiwan News. 2010-09-20. Retrieved 2015-07-20.
  47. ↑ "Typhoon Fanapi inflicts heavy damage on Taiwan". Central News Agency. 2010-09-20. Retrieved 2015-07-21.
  48. ↑ "Nearly 500 schools suffer damage from Typhoon Fanapi". Central News Agency. 2010-09-20. Retrieved 2015-07-20.
  49. ↑ "Damages to farms total over NT$2 billion: COA". The China Post. 2010-09-21. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  50. ↑ "Agricultural losses from typhoon exceed US$65.27 million". Central News Agency. 2010-09-20. Retrieved 2015-07-20.
  51. ↑ "Typhoon Fanapi Disaster Responses 4th Report" (PDF). Central Weather Bureau. 2010-09-19. Retrieved 2015-07-22.
  52. ↑ "Taiwan says typhoon kills two". Agence France-Presse. 2010-09-21. – via Lexis Nexis (subscription required)
  53. ↑ "Taiwan typhoon kills 2". Agence France-Presse. Straits Times. 2010-09-21. Archived from the original on November 10, 2010. Retrieved 2015-07-21.
  54. ↑ "Typhoon Fanapi brings worst rains in a century to south China province". Xinhua. 2010-09-21. Retrieved 2015-07-21.
  55. ↑ Stuart Biggs (2010-09-22). "Tropical Storm Malakas Churns Toward Japanese Islands". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  56. 1 2 3 4 "Flood leaves 13 dead, 34 missing in south China". ReliefWeb. Xinhua. 2010-09-21. Retrieved 2015-07-10.
  57. 1 2 "Death toll from Typhoon Fanapi rises to 54 in S China". ReliefWeb. Xinhua. 2010-09-23. Retrieved 2015-07-10.
  58. ↑ "Most Fanapi deaths in China caused by devastating mudslides: report". ReliefWeb. Xinhua. 2010-09-25. Retrieved 2015-07-10.
  59. 1 2 3 4 "Casualties from Typhoon Fanapi rises to 136 in south China". ReliefWeb. Xinhua. 2010-09-26. Retrieved 2015-07-11.
  60. ↑ "Zijin Mining Says Dam Collapse Led to Four Deaths". Bloomberg. 2010-09-27. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  61. ↑ "Typhoon wreaks havoc in China, causing deadly flooding and landslides". Cleveland.com. Associated Press. 2010-09-22. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  62. ↑ "Daily rainfall amounts in millimetres recorded at the Hong Kong Observatory Headquarters and other stations during the passage of Fanapi". Hong Kong Observatory. Retrieved 2015-06-16.
  63. ↑ Sarah McDowell (2010-09-23). "Taiwan's President Visits Flood-Struck South". Global Insight. – via Lexis Nexis (subscription required)
  64. ↑ "Dengue fever raging in Taiwan's south - health minister". BBC. 2010-09-30. – via Lexis Nexis (subscription required)
  65. ↑ "Mainland Red Cross Society donates 100,000 USD after typhoon Fanabi slams Taiwan". ReliefWeb. Xinhua. 2010-09-23. Retrieved 2015-07-10.
  66. ↑ "Flood victims to receive NT$30,000 per household: official". Central News Agency. 2010-09-20. Retrieved 2015-07-20.
  67. ↑ "Taiwan's YoY export growth slows down in September". Taiwan Economic News. 2010-10-08. – via Lexis Nexis (subscription required)
  68. ↑ "South China province to demolish risky dam". ReliefWeb. Xinhua. 2010-09-28. Retrieved 2015-07-11.
  69. ↑ "Zijin to sell assets for dam collapse compensation". Xinhua. 2010-12-27. – via Lexis Nexis (subscription required)
  70. ↑ "Zijin Mining unit agrees to compensate dam victims, paper says". China Digest. 2012-09-14. – via Lexis Nexis (subscription required)
  71. ↑ "China: RCSC provides 1 million yuan to typhoon -hit areas in Guangdong". Red Cross Society of China. ReliefWeb. 2010-09-26. Retrieved 2015-07-11.
  72. ↑ "Forty-Third Session of Typhoon Committee" (PDF). Typhoon Committee. January 2011. Retrieved 2012-02-28.
  73. ↑ "Forty-Fourth Session of Typhoon Committee" (PDF). Typhoon Committee. February 2012. Retrieved 2012-02-28.
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