United States Senate elections, 1806 and 1807

Dates vary by state

11 of the 34 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections) 18 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Party	Democratic-Republican	Federalist
Last election	27 seats	7 seats
Seats before	27	7
Seats won	10	1
Seats after	28	6
Seat change	1	1
Seats up	9	2

Majority party before election

Democratic-Republican

Elected Majority party

Democratic-Republican

The United States Senate elections of 1806 and 1807 were elections that had the Democratic-Republican Party increase its overwhelming control of the Senate by one additional Senator. The Federalists went into the elections with such a small share of Senate seats (7 out of 34, or 21%) that even if they had won every election, they would have still remained a minority caucus. As it was, however, they lost one of the two seats they were defending and picked up no gains from their opponents.

As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by state legislatures.

Results summary

Senate Party Division, 10th Congress (1807–1809)

Majority Party: Democratic-Republican (28)
Minority Party: Federalist (6)
Other Parties: 0
Total Seats: 34

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

DR₂₇ Ran	DR₂₆ Ran	DR₂₅ Ran	DR₂₄ Ran	DR₂₃ Ran	DR₂₂ Retired	DR₂₁ Retired	DR₂₀ Retired	DR₁₉ Retired
DR₇	DR₆	DR₅	DR₄	DR₃	DR₂	DR₁
DR₈	DR₉	DR₁₀	DR₁₁	DR₁₂	DR₁₃	DR₁₄	DR₁₅	DR₁₆	DR₁₇
Majority →									DR₁₈
F₇ Retired	F₆ Ran	F₅	F₄	F₃	F₂	F₁

Beginning of the next Congress

DR₂₇ Hold	DR₂₆ Hold	DR₂₅ Hold	DR₂₄ Re-elected	DR₂₃ Re-elected	DR₂₂ Re-elected	DR₂₁ Re-elected	DR₂₀ Re-elected	DR₁₉ Re-elected
DR₇	DR₆	DR₅	DR₄	DR₃	DR₂	DR₁
DR₈	DR₉	DR₁₀	DR₁₁	DR₁₂	DR₁₃	DR₁₄	DR₁₅	DR₁₆	DR₁₇
Majority →									DR₁₈
DR₂₈ Gain	F₆ Re-elected	F₅	F₄	F₃	F₂	F₁

Key:

DR_#	Democratic-Republican
F_#	Federalist
V_#	Vacant

Race summaries

Special elections during the preceding Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated during 1806 or before March 4, 1807; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Georgia (Class 3)	James Jackson	Democratic-Republican	1793 (Class 2) Resigned in 1795 1801	Incumbent died March 19, 1806. Winner elected June 19, 1806. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ John Milledge (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Kentucky (Class 3)	John Adair	Democratic-Republican	1805 (Special)	Incumbent resigned November 18, 1806 after losing the election to the next term. Winner elected November 19, 1806, despite being younger than the constitutional age minimum. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Henry Clay (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maryland (Class 3)	Robert Wright	Democratic-Republican	1801 (Special)	Incumbent resigned November 12, 1806 (as well as to the next term, see below). Winner elected November 25, 1806. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Philip Reed (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Races leading to the next Congress

In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1807; ordered by state.

All the elections involved the Class 3 seats.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Connecticut	Uriah Tracy	Federalist	1796 (Special) 1801	Incumbent re-elected in 1807.	√ Uriah Tracy (Federalist) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Georgia	John Milledge	Democratic- Republican	1806 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected in 1806.	√ John Milledge (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Kentucky	Henry Clay	Democratic- Republican	1806 (Special)	Incumbent retired. Winner elected in 1806 or 1807. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ John Pope (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maryland	Philip Reed	Democratic- Republican	1797 (Special)	Incumbent elected November 25, 1806, as well as being elected to finish the preceding term.	√ Philip Reed (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Hampshire	William Plumer	Federalist	1802 (Special)	Incumbent retired. Winner elected in 1807. Democratic-Republican gain.	√ Nahum Parker (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New York	John Smith	Democratic- Republican	1804 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected February 3, 1807.	√ John Smith (Democratic-Republican), Unopposed
North Carolina	David Stone	Democratic- Republican	1800	Incumbent retired to return to the State Superior Court, and then resigned early (February 17, 1807) Winner elected in 1806. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Jesse Franklin (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Ohio	Thomas Worthington	Democratic- Republican	1803	Incumbent retired.[Data unknown/missing. You can help!] Winner elected in 1806. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Edward Tiffin (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Pennsylvania	George Logan	Democratic- Republican	1801 (Appointed) 1801 (Special)	Incumbent retired. Winner elected in 1806. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Andrew Gregg (Democratic-Republican) 49.11% Nathaniel Boileau (Democratic-Republican) 35.71% John Steele (Democratic-Republican) 12.5% Not voting 2.68%
South Carolina	John Gaillard	Democratic- Republican	1804 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected in 1806.	√ John Gaillard (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Vermont	Stephen R. Bradley	Democratic- Republican	1791 1795 (Lost) 1801 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected in 1807.	√ Stephen R. Bradley (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Special elections during the next Congress

In this special election, the winner was seated in 1807 after March 4; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Vermont (Class 1)	Israel Smith	Democratic-Republican	1802	Incumbent resigned October 1, 1807. Winner elected October 10, 1807. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Jonathan Robinson (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Connecticut (Class 3)	Uriah Tracy	Federalist	1796 (Special) 1801 1807	Incumbent died July 19, 1807. Winner elected October 25, 1807. Federalist hold.	√ Chauncey Goodrich (Federalist) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Rhode Island (Class 2)	James Fenner	Democratic-Republican	1805	Incumbent resigned September 1807. Winner elected October 26, 1807. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Elisha Mathewson (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Georgia (Class 2)	George Jones	Democratic-Republican	1807 (Appointed)	Predecessor Abraham Baldwin (DR) had died March 4, 1807. Incumbent appointee did not seek election. Winner elected November 7, 1807. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ William H. Crawford (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

References

Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present, via Senate.gov

United States Senate elections

1788/89 1790/91 1792/93 1794/95 1796/97 1798/99 1800/01 1802/03 1804/05 1806/07 1808/09 1810/11 1812/13 1814/15 1816/17 1818/19 1820/21 1822/23 1824/25 1826/27 1828/29 1830/31 1832/33 1834/35 1836/37 1838/39 1840/41 1842/43 1844/45 1846/47 1848/49 1850/51 1852/53 1854/55 1856/57 1858/59 1860/61 1862/63 1864/65 1866/67 1868/69 1870/71 1872/73 1874/75 1876/77 1878/79 1880/81 1882/83 1884/85 1886/87 1888/89 1890/91 1892/93 1894/95 1896/97 1898/99 1900/01 1902/03 1904/05 1906/07 1908/09 1910/11 1912/13 1914/15 1916/17 1918 1920/21 1922/23 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932/33 1934 1936 1938 1940 1942 1944 1946 1948 1950 1952 1954 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022

Special elections Election disputes Results by state List of elections in the United States House elections Presidential elections Gubernatorial elections

United States Congress

Members and leaders

Members

Current	By length of service Freshmen Youngest members Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico Delegates Longest-serving members ever

Senate	Current by seniority by age Dean of the Senate Former senators Living Earliest serving Earliest living Expelled or censured Classes Born outside the U.S.

House	Current by seniority Dean of the House Former representatives Living Oldest living Earliest serving Expelled, censured, and reprimanded Deaths by year

Leaders

Senate	President (list) President pro tempore (list) Majority and minority leaders Assistant party leaders Democratic Caucus (Chair Secretary Policy Committee Chair) Republican Conference (Chair Vice-Chair Policy Committee Chair)

House	Speaker Leaders Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group Democratic Caucus Republican Conference

Districts

Caucuses,
women and
minorities

Powers, privileges, procedure, committees, history, and media

Powers	Article I Copyright Commerce (Dormant) Contempt of Congress Declaration of war Impeachment Naturalization "Necessary and Proper" Power of enforcement Taxing/spending

Privileges and benefits	Salaries Franking Immunity

Procedure	Act of Congress (list) Appropriation bill Blue slip Budget resolution Censure Closed sessions House Senate Cloture Concurrent resolution Continuing resolution Dear colleague letter Discharge petition Engrossed bill Enrolled bill Expulsion Joint resolution Joint session (list) Lame-duck session Majority of the majority (Hastert Rule) Multiple referral Procedures (House) Quorum call Reconciliation Rider Saxbe fix Sponsorship Suspension of the rules Unanimous consent Veto Line-item veto Pocket veto Veto override

Senate-specific	Advice and consent Classes Executive communication Executive session Filibuster Jefferson's Manual Senate Journal Morning business Nuclear option Presiding Officer Recess appointment Reconciliation Riddick's Senate Procedure Senate hold Senatorial courtesy Seniority Standing Rules Tie-breaking votes Traditions Treaty Clause

Committees	Chairman and ranking member Of the Whole Conference Discharge petition Hearings Markup Oversight List (Joint) List (House) List (Senate) Select and special Standing Subcommittees

Items	Gavels Mace of the House Seal of the Senate

History	Biographical Directory Divided government House Gerrymandering Party control Senate Senate election disputes Senatorial memoirs Representative memoirs

Media	C-SPAN Congressional Quarterly The Hill Politico Roll Call

Offices, employees, services, and the Capitol Complex

Legislative
offices

Offices

Senate	Curator Historical Library

House	Congressional Ethics Emergency Planning, Preparedness, and Operations Interparliamentary Affairs Legislative Counsel Law Revision Counsel Library

Employees

Senate	Secretary Chaplain Curator Inspector General Historian Librarian Pages Parliamentarian Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper

House	Chaplain Chief Administrative Officer Clerk Doorkeeper Floor Operations Floor Services Chief Historian Pages (Page Board) Parliamentarian Postmaster Reading Clerk Sergeant at Arms

Library of
Congress

Government
Publishing Office

Capitol

Office
buildings

Senate	Dirksen Hart Mountains and Clouds Russell

House	Building Commission Cannon Ford Longworth O'Neill Rayburn

Other
facilities

Websites: House of Representatives; Senate

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