Walsall by-election, 1925

Walsall by-election, 1925

27 February 1925

Candidate William Preston Thomas Macnamara Lothian Small Party Unionist Liberal Labour Popular vote 14,793 12,300 11,610 Percentage 38.2 31.8 30.0

MP before election Pat Collins Liberal Subsequent MP John James McShane Labour

The Walsall by-election of 1925 was held on 27 February 1925. The by-election was held due to the disqualification of the incumbent Unionist MP, William Preston. It was retained by Preston.^[1]

Vacancy

The by-election was caused by the disqualification of the sitting Unionist MP, William Preston. He had only been an MP since the General Election of 1924. However, following his election, it was discovered that Preston had received payments for two small contracts to supply electrical fittings to the Post Office Stores Department. As a government contractor, Preston was ineligible to stand for parliament, and his election was declared void.^[2]

Electoral history

The constituency was created for the 1832 General Election. Over the years, the seat frequently changed hands between Liberal and Conservative. The Labour Party first ran a candidate in 1918. The Liberal Pat Collins had won in both 1922 and 1923 before Preston won in 1924;

General Election 1924: Walsall ^[3]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Unionist	Charles William Preston	15,168	37.9	+0.1
	Liberal	Patrick Collins	12,734	31.8	-11.7
	Labour	Gladstone Lothian Rosebery Small	11,474	28.7	+10.0
	Independent	Dr J J Lynch	622	1.6	n/a
Majority				6.1
Turnout
	Unionist gain from Liberal		Swing

Candidates

• Having overcome his legal difficulties, the Walsall Unionist Association re-selected 51-year-old William Preston as their candidate. He was educated at Walsall Grammar School and Weston School, Bath.^[4] In 1907 he married Lilly Swinton Sanders, and he became managing director of William Sanders & Co (Wednesbury) Limited, a major manufacturer of electrical switching equipment.^[5]
• Pat Collins who had sat as Liberal MP for Walsall until losing to Preston in the void election, seemed the obvious candidate. However Collins chose to withdraw due to ill-health. On 13 February 1925 the Executive Council of the Walsall Liberal Association adopted 64-year-old Rt Hon. Thomas Macnamara as their candidate.^[6] He had been Liberal MP in Camberwell, London from 1900 until his defeat at the 1924 General Election. He had served as Minister of Labour under Prime Minister David Lloyd George.
• The Walsall Constituency Labour Party re-selected 41-year-old trade unionist Lothian Small who had been their candidate in 1924. He came from Glasgow where he attended the University. During World War I, Small served as an officer with the South Staffordshire Regiment. He had also contested Exeter at the 1923 general election.

Campaign

The confidence within Liberal Party ranks was not high following the 1924 General Election when they were reduced to just 40 MPs. Among the defeated was their leader H.H. Asquith. Lloyd George had been elected the Chairman of the Liberal Parliamentary party. On 21 February, although suffering illness, Lloyd George spoke at Walsall Town Hall in front of 2,500 people, in support of Macnamara.^[7]

Result

The result was almost identical to the result at the 1924 General Election, with little change in the vote share of the three parties;

Walsall by-election, 1925^[8]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Unionist	Charles William Preston	14,793	38.2	+0.3
	Liberal	Rt Hon. Thomas James Macnamara	12,300	31.8	+0.0
	Labour	Gladstone Lothian Rosebery Small	11,610	30.0	+1.3
Majority			2,493	6.4	+0.3
Turnout				83.4
	Unionist hold		Swing	+0.1

Aftermath

Preston was only a member of the House of Commons for one term. At the 1929 general election there was a swing to Labour, and he was defeated by that party's candidate;

General Election 1929: Walsall ^[9]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	John James McShane	20,524	39.6	+9.6
	Unionist	Charles William Preston	15,818	30.6	-7.6
	Liberal	Rt Hon. Thomas James Macnamara	15,425	29.8	-2.0
Majority			4,706	9.0
Turnout				85.9	+2.5
	Labour gain from Unionist		Swing	+8.6

References

1. http://www.leighrayment.com/commons.htm
2. "M.P.'s Government Contract. By-Election Likely At Walsall, Legal Penalties". The Times. 31 January 1925. p. 9.
3. British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
4. "Obituaries". The Times. 24 November 1941. p. 6.
5. "A History of Wednesbury". Wolverhampton History & Heritage. University of Wolverhampton. Retrieved 2009-03-01.
6. Dr. Macnamara 1861-1931 by Robin Betts
7. Dr. Macnamara 1861-1931 by Robin Betts
8. British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
9. British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig