West Ham station

West Ham
West Ham Location of West Ham in Greater London
Location	West Ham
Local authority	London Borough of Newham
Managed by	London Underground
Station code	WEH
DfT category	C1
Number of platforms	8
Accessible	Yes [1][2]
Fare zone	2 and 3
London Underground annual entry and exit
2012	3.27 million[3]
2013	3.40 million[3]
2014	3.51 million[3]
2015	3.81 million[3]
DLR annual boardings and alightings
2012	2.441 million[4]
2013	2.011 million[5]
2014	2.188 million[5]
2015	2.848 million[5]
National Rail annual entry and exit
2010–11	2.974 million[6]
2011–12	3.514 million[6]
2012–13	4.057 million[6]
2013–14	3.690 million[6]
2014–15	5.308 million[6]
Railway companies
Original company	London, Tilbury and Southend Railway
Pre-grouping	Midland Railway
Post-grouping	London, Midland and Scottish Railway
Key dates
1901	Opened (LT&SR/NLR)
1902	District line started
1913	London–Southend withdrawn
1916	NLR withdrawn
1936	Hammersmith & City started
1979	North London service started
1999	c2c and Jublilee line started
2006	North London service withdrawn
2011	DLR started[7]
Other information
Lists of stations	DLR Underground National Rail Tramlink
External links	Departures Layout Facilities Buses
WGS84	51°31′41″N 0°00′14″E / 51.528°N 0.004°ECoordinates: 51°31′41″N 0°00′14″E / 51.528°N 0.004°E
London Transport portal UK Railways portal

West Ham is an intermodal interchange station on Manor Road and Memorial Avenue in West Ham in the London Borough of Newham in east London, England, served by London Underground, National Rail and Docklands Light Railway services. On the London Underground it is a stop on the District, Hammersmith & City and Jubilee lines; on the National Rail network it is served by c2c services.

The station was opened on 1 February 1901 by the London, Tilbury and Southend Railway on the line from Fenchurch Street to Barking that was opened in 1858. It was known as West Ham (Manor Road) from 11 February 1924 to 1 January 1969. The station was rebuilt and significantly expanded in 1999 with the addition of four platforms, a new booking hall and connecting passages. The North London Line services were withdrawn in 2006 to make way for the Docklands Light Railway Stratford International branch, which opened on 31 August 2011.^[7]

History

East to west alignment

The London, Tilbury and Southend Railway direct line from Bow to Barking was constructed east to west through the middle of the Parish of West Ham in 1858. Before this, trains took a longer route via Stratford and Forest Gate to the north. The new line opened with stations initially at Bromley, Plaistow and East Ham. In November 1897 Arnold Hills, the owner of the Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company, whose football team Thames Ironworks F.C. (which reformed in 1900 as West Ham United) played at the Memorial Grounds, secured an agreement with the London, Tilbury and Southend Railway to build a station at Manor Road. The company board approved this in February 1898 and Mowlem's was given the contract to build a four platform station, which allowed for the proposed quadrupling of the line with the completion of the Whitechapel and Bow Railway. The station was completed in May 1900, but did not open until 1 February 1901. The station was initially known as West Ham.

The North London Railway had run a daily service to Plaistow via the Bow-Bromley curve since 18 May 1869 and when West Ham opened it used the northern platforms. In 1905 they switched to the southern platforms, with the opening of a new bay platform at Plaistow on the southern side.^[8] The Whitechapel and Bow Railway allowed through services of the Metropolitan District Railway to operate through West Ham to Upminster from 1902. The Metropolitan District converted to electric trains in 1905 and services were cut back to East Ham. The London, Tilbury and Southend Railway trains from Fenchurch Street used the southern platforms when the Metropolitan District services began but stopping was reduced to a few a week in 1908 and to nil in 1913. Ownership of the station passed to the Midland Railway in 1912 and the London, Midland and Scottish Railway in 1923. The station was renamed West Ham (Manor Road) in 1924. When the North London Railway service to Plaistow ceased on 1 January 1916 the southern platforms were unused in normal service.

The Metropolitan District Railway was incorporated into London Transport in 1933, and became known as the District line. Hammersmith & City line services started, as part of the Metropolitan line, in 1936. The southern platforms were removed after war damage in 1940 which had completely closed the station from 7 September 1940 until 11 August 1941.^[9] After nationalisation of the railways in 1948 management of the station passed to British Railways. In 1969 ownership was transferred to the London Underground and the station was renamed back to West Ham. On 15 March 1976 nine people were injured here by an explosion caused on a train by a member of the Provisional IRA. Julius Stephen, the driver of the train, was shot dead at the scene when he attempted to pursue the fleeing bomber. In 1999 platforms were re-established on the line from Fenchurch Street, now operated by c2c.

North to south alignment

The Eastern Counties and Thames Junction Railway was constructed north to south through West Ham, linking Stratford with Canning Town in 1846. Platforms were constructed on the line at West Ham in 1979 when the North London Line service, at the time known as the Crosstown Linkline, began between Camden Road and North Woolwich. In 1999 two further platforms were opened on the same alignment as part of the Jubilee line extension. At the same time the station buildings, ticket office and connecting passages were rebuilt, designed by van Heyningen and Haward Architects. The ticket hall is linked by a bridge to four rail lines and a main road as well as the Jubilee line platform and upper level concourse.^[10] Jubilee line services began on 14 May 1999.^[11] North London Line services at the station ceased on 9 December 2006, when the line from Stratford to North Woolwich was closed, to allow for the line to be converted for Docklands Light Railway operation. The platforms reopened on 31 August 2011.

Design

The station consists of four sets of island platforms, two on an elevated east-west alignment and another perpendicular pair at street level, giving a total of eight platform faces. Platforms 1 and 2 are the northern upper pair, where all District and Hammersmith & City line services call. Platforms 3 and 4 are the eastern lower pair and are used by Docklands Light Railway trains. Platforms 5 and 6 are the western lower pair, where all Jubilee line services stop. Platforms 7 and 8 are the southern upper pair and are used by c2c trains. The main station building and connecting passageways are finished in a mixture of red brick, concrete and glass. To reach the Docklands Light Railway and Jubilee line platforms from the rest of the station a mezzanine level is accessed by escalators, lifts and stairs. There is a double-ended centre siding east of West Ham to compensate for lost reversing capacity caused by the rebuilding of Whitechapel station as part of Crossrail work.^[12] This was commissioned on 17 January 2011.^[13]

Modifications for 2012 Olympics

The footbridge that served the Olympic exit to The Greenway in 2012.

The station was temporarily modified to allow it to cope with an increase in passenger numbers during the 2012 Summer Olympic Games. The station was extended to give direct pedestrian access to The Greenway foot and cycle path nearby from the District & Hammersmith & City lines, which connects directly to the London Olympic Park in Stratford. This involved the construction of temporary stairs and a walkway from the eastern end of the District line platforms, over the eastbound track and running back parallel to the platform ending at Manor Road. Construction began in January 2011, and the footbridge was removed in mid-October 2012. The foundations of the temporary footbridge have been left for possible use in future expansion of the station.^[14]

Location

The station is named after the former parish and borough of West Ham within which it was located to the west of the centre. The neighbourhood of West Ham is located some distance to the north-east. The station is located at the corner of Durban Road and Manor Road, in the London Borough of Newham. The area around the station is residential to the southeast and predominantly commercial or former industrial land to the north and west. The station site is served by London Bus route 276. Since West Ham United Football Club moved to the Boleyn Ground in 1904, the station is no longer located near their home ground. East London Rugby Football Club is situated nearby on Holland Road, which is also home to Kings Cross Steelers RFC and Phantoms RFC.^[15]

Services

West Ham Station Signs with the new DLR sign in the foreground and Jubilee line sign in the background.

The station is in London fare zone 2 and zone 3. The typical off-peak service from the station is twelve District line trains per hour to Upminster and twelve to Earl's Court, of which six continue to Ealing Broadway and six continue to Richmond. On the Hammersmith & City line there are six trains a hour to Hammersmith and six to Plaistow, of which three continue to Barking. On the Jubilee line there are sixteen trains a hour to Stratford and sixteen towards Stanmore. On the DLR there are six trains a hour to Stratford International, and six to Woolwich Arsenal^[16] There are eight c2c services a hour to Fenchurch Street, four to Shoeburyness, two to Grays via Rainham and two to Southend Central via Ockendon.

Buses

London Bus route 276 serves the station.^[17][18]

References

1. "Step free Tube Guide" (PDF). Transport for London. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 June 2015.
2. "London and South East" (PDF). National Rail Enquiries. National Rail. September 2006. Archived from the original (pdf) on 6 March 2009.
3. "Multi-year station entry-and-exit figures" (XLS). London Underground station passenger usage data. Transport for London. April 2016. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
4. Transport for London (12 February 2013). "Freedom of Information DLR usage 1213". Transport for London. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
5. "Up-to-date DLR entry/exit statistics for each station" (XLSX). What Do They Know. Transport for London. 18 March 2016. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
6. "Station usage estimates". Rail statistics. Office of Rail Regulation. Please note: Some methodology may vary year on year.
7. "Docklands Light Railway extension marks one year to go to the London 2012 Paralympic Games". Retrieved 5 February 2013.
8. The London & Tilbury Railway vol 1 page 41 by Peter Kay ISBN 1-899890-10-6
9. The London, Tilbury & Southend Railway vol 2 page 113 by Peter Kay ISBN 1-899890-19-X
10. http://www.architecture.com/LibraryDrawingsAndPhotographs/Exhibitionsandloans/VARIBAArchitecturePartnershipexhibitions/UndergroundJourneys/HoldensLegacy/HoldensLegacy.aspx
11. Horne, M: The Jubilee Line, page 79. Capital Transport Publishing, 2000.
12. "TheRailwayCentre.Com". TheRailwayCentre.Com. Retrieved 2010-08-05.
13. Underground News March 2011 page 173 ISSN 0306-8617
14. http://www.trl.co.uk/trl-news-hub/transport-news/latest-transport-news/west_ham_station_gets_olympic_footbridge.htm
15. "Phantoms RFC". Phantoms RFC. Retrieved 2010-08-05.
16. "DLR frequencies". Transport for London. Retrieved 7 February 2012.
17. https://tfl.gov.uk/bus/route/276/
18. http://www.londonbuses.co.uk/_routes/current/173-2.html

External links

• Train times and station information for West Ham station from National Rail