Yoshinori Ohsumi

In this Japanese name, the family name is Ohsumi.
Yoshinori Ohsumi

Yoshinori Ohsumi
Born (1945-02-09) February 9, 1945
Fukuoka, Japan
Nationality Japanese
Fields Cell biologist
Institutions Tokyo Institute of Technology
Alma mater University of Tokyo
Known for Autophagy
Notable awards Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2016)
Website
www.ohsumilab.aro.iri.titech.ac.jp/english.html

Yoshinori Ohsumi (大隅 良典 Ōsumi Yoshinori, born February 9, 1945) is a Japanese cell biologist specializing in autophagy, the process that cells use to destroy and recycle cellular components. Ohsumi is a professor at Tokyo Institute of Technology's Institute of Innovative Research.[1] He received the Kyoto Prize for Basic Science in 2012,[2] the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and the 2017 Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences[3] for his discoveries of mechanisms for autophagy.[4]

Life and work

Ohsumi addressed at Gairdner Foundation International Award Ceremony (at the Royal Ontario Museum on October 29, 2015)

Ohsumi was born on February 9, 1945 in Fukuoka, Japan. He received a B.Sci. in 1967 and a D.Sci. in 1974, both from the University of Tokyo. In 1974–77 he was a postdoctoral fellow at the Rockefeller University in New York City.[1]

He returned to the University of Tokyo in 1977 as a research associate; he was appointed Lecturer there in 1986, and promoted to Associate Professor in 1988. In 1996 he moved to the National Institute for Basic Biology in Okazaki City, Japan. where he was appointed as a professor. From 2004 to 2009 he was also professor at the Graduate University for Advanced Studies in Hayama, Japan. In 2009 he transitioned to a three-way appointment as an emeritus professor at the National Institute for Basic Biology and at the Graduate University for Advanced Studies, and a professorship at the Advanced Research Organization, Integrated Research Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology. After his retirement in 2014, he continued to serve as Professor at Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology. Currently, he is head of the Cell Biology Research Unit, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology.[5]

Autophagy was already known when he started his career – the term was coined in 1963. During the 1990s, Ohsumi's group described the morphology of autophagy in yeast, and performed mutational screening on yeast cells that identified essential genes for cells to be capable of autophagy.[6][7]

In 2016 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for his discoveries of mechanisms for autophagy".[8][9] He is the 25th Japanese person to win a Nobel Prize.[10] Ohsumi's spouse Mariko, a Professor of Teikyo University of Science, collaborated on his research.[11] She is a co-author of many academic papers with him.[12]

Awards

with John Dirks, Kenjirō Monji and D. Lorne Tyrrell at Gairdner Foundation International Award Ceremony (at the Royal Ontario Museum on October 29, 2015)

Source:[5]

Publications

His original findings about autophagy in yeast cells:[15]

Follow up with more research on yeast:[15]

Others

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Yoshinori Ohsumi's Entry at ORCID
  2. ↑ Biemiller, Lawrence (2012-11-10). "Kyoto Prize Is Awarded to 3 Scholars". The Chronicle of Higher Education Blogs: The Ticker. Retrieved 2016-10-04.
  3. ↑ "Laureates—Breakthrough Prize". Breakthrough Prize. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  4. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2016". The Nobel Foundation. 3 October 2016. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
  5. 1 2 "Yoshinori Ohsumi Biography". Institute of Innovative Research, Toyko Institute of Technology. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
  6. ↑ "Nobel honors discoveries on how cells eat themselves". Science. 3 Oct 2016. doi:10.1126/science.aah7373. Retrieved 5 Oct 2016.
  7. ↑ Daniel J. Klionsky (2007). "Autophagy: from phenomenology to molecular understanding in less than a decade". Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. 8 (11): 931–937. doi:10.1038/nrm2245. PMID 17712358.
  8. ↑ "Yoshinori Ohsumi". Nobel Prize. 3 October 2016. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
  9. ↑ Kolata, Gina; Chan, Sewell (3 October 2016). "Yoshinori Ohsumi of Japan Wins Nobel Prize for Study of 'Self-Eating' Cells". The New York Times. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
  10. ↑ Wanklyn, Alastair (3 October 2016). "Japanese microbiologist Yoshinori Ohsumi wins Nobel in medicine for autophagy research". The Japan Times. Retrieved 8 October 2016.
  11. ↑ "大隅萬里子教授の共同研究がノーベル医学・生理学賞として選定されました" [A joint research of Professor Mariko Ohsumi won Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]. Teikyo University of Science. October 5, 2016.
  12. ↑ "Google Scholar".
  13. ↑ "Yoshinori Ohsumi". Kyoto Prize. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
  14. ↑ "Yoshinori Ohsumi wins Nobel prize in medicine for work on autophagy". The Guardian. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
  15. 1 2 "Nobel Prize Laureate Yoshinori Ohsumi's Work". Jstor Daily. October 3, 2016.
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