XCL1

chemokine (C motif) ligand 1, lymphotactin
Identifiers
Symbol	XCL1
Alt. symbols	SCYC1, LTN, LPTN, ATAC, SCM-1a, SCM-1
Entrez	6375
HUGO	10645
OMIM	600250
RefSeq	NM_002995
UniProt	P47992
Other data
Locus	Chr. 1 q24.2

Chemokine (C motif) ligand (XCL1) is a small cytokine belonging to the XC chemokine family that is also known as lymphotactin. It is found in high levels in spleen, thymus, intestine and peripheral blood leukocytes, and at lower levels in lung, prostate gland and ovary. Cellular sources for XCL1 include activated thymic and peripheral blood CD8+ T cells.^[1][2][3] This chemokine attracts T cells. In humans, XCL1 is closely related to another chemokine called XCL2, whose gene is found at the same locus on chromosome 1.^[3] XCL1 induces it chemotactic function by binding to a chemokine receptor called XCR1.^[4]

Lymphotactin, LTN, is found in two states: a monomer at 10 °C, LTN10, and a dimer at 40 °C, LTN40.^[5]

References

1. Kelner G, Kennedy J, Bacon K, Kleyensteuber S, Largaespada D, Jenkins N, Copeland N, Bazan J, Moore K, Schall T, Zlotnik A (1994). "Lymphotactin: a cytokine that represents a new class of chemokine". Science. 266 (25): 1395–9. doi:10.1126/science.7973732. PMID 7973732.
2. Kennedy J, Kelner G, Kleyensteuber S, Schall T, Weiss M, Yssel H, Schneider P, Cocks B, Bacon K, Zlotnik A (1995). "Molecular cloning and functional characterization of human lymphotactin". J Immunol. 155 (1): 203–9. PMID 7602097.
3. Yoshida T, Imai T, Takagi S, Nishimura M, Ishikawa I, Yaoi T, Yoshie O (1996). "Structure and expression of two highly related genes encoding SCM-1/human lymphotactin". FEBS Lett. 395 (1): 82–8. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(96)01004-6. PMID 8849694.
4. Yoshida T, Imai T, Kakizaki M, Nishimura M, Takagi S, Yoshie O (1998). "Identification of single C motif-1/lymphotactin receptor XCR1". J Biol Chem. 273 (26): 16551–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.26.16551. PMID 9632725.
5. Tyler, Robert C.; Tyler, R. C.; Murray, N. J.; Peterson, F. C.; Volkman, B. F. (2011). "Native state interconversion of a metamorphic protein requires global unfolding". Biochemistry. 50 (33): 7077–9. doi:10.1021/bi200750k. PMC 3160782. PMID 21776971.