Ambleville, Charente

Ambleville

Coat of arms
Ambleville

Coordinates: 45°33′32″N 0°13′16″W / 45.559°N 0.221°W / 45.559; -0.221Coordinates: 45°33′32″N 0°13′16″W / 45.559°N 0.221°W / 45.559; -0.221
Country France
Region Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department Charente
Arrondissement Cognac
Canton Segonzac
Intercommunality Grande Champagne
Government
 • Mayor (2014–2020) Jean Graveraud
Area1 5.09 km2 (1.97 sq mi)
Population (2010)2 187
 • Density 37/km2 (95/sq mi)
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 • Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
INSEE/Postal code 16010 / 16300
Elevation 34–94 m (112–308 ft)
(avg. 88 m or 289 ft)

1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Ambleville is a French commune in the Charente department in the Poitou-Charente region of southwestern France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Amblevillois or Amblevilloises.[1]

Geography

Location and access

Ambleville is a commune in the west of the department of Charente located 7 km south of Segonzac, 18 km southeast of Cognac, and 31 km west of Angoulême.

The commune of Ambleville is the smallest in the Canton of Segonzac. Its area is about 500 hectares.

The village of Ambleville is also 7 km east of Archiac, 10 km north of Barbezieux-Saint-Hilaire and 14 km west of Chateauneuf-sur-Charente.[2]

The main route to the commune is the D699 road from Angoulême to Archiac, Pons, and Jonzac via Châteauneuf. This former national road was part of the road from Limoges in Haute-Vienne to Mirambeau in Charente-Maritime. The D44 road goes northwest towards Cognac via Saint-Fort-sur-le-Né and goes south towards Barbezieux.[3]

The nearest railway stations are Chateauneuf-sur-Charente (in the direction of Angoulême) and Jarnac Charente (in the direction of Saintes and Royan) both located 14 km from the town. The Jonzac station is 21 km from the town and has services to Bordeaux Saint-Jean in one direction as well as La Rochelle and Nantes in the other direction.

Hamlets and localities

The population is distributed in twenty hamlets or "villages" - the term used in Saintonge and the South-West of France.

The town has a few houses grouped around the church.

The two major population centres are: le Château and la Motte both near the village near the road to Chateauneuf. The town hall is located at le Château.

La Voûte is the highest point in the commune in the north with other hamlets of Chez Philbert and La Bertillère in the south of the commune, le Guineuf on the Collinaud stream etc.

Neighbouring communes and villages[4]

 Juillac-le-Coq Segonzac Saint-Preuil
Verrieres Lignières-Sonneville
   Ambleville  
Saint-Palais-du-Ne Criteuil-la-Magdeleine Viville

Geology and terrain

The commune is made up of Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) chalk limestone, which covers a large part of the South Charente. The valleys are covered by alluvium from the recent Quaternary period.[5][6][7]

The communal land has a quite hilly relief which rises gradually to reach, at its northern end near the hamlet of la Voûte, a height 95 m. The small Collinaud valley in the south of the commune is located where the town and the main road are. The lowest point is 34 m at the western edge of the commune along the Collinaud. The town is located at the tip of a small promontory in the valley and is 40 m above sea level.[3]

Hydrography

The town is bounded on the south by the Collinaud stream which flows from the town of Bonneuil. It is a tributary of the Né and a sub-tributary of the Charente.

Two small intermittent streams descend from both sides of the Castle to join the Collinaud near the village. Further west the Font Moreau rises while further east les Boulots flows down from Sonneville.[3]

Climate

As for three-quarters of the department in the south and west, the climate is oceanic Aquitaine.

Toponymy

In the absence of old spellings, we can relate Ambleville to the homonymous commune of Ambleville in Val-d'Oise,[8] attested in the Latinized form of Amblenvilla in 1209.[9]

The name has a medieval source in -ville which is a toponymic suffix meaning "rural area" or "village", from the Gallo-Roman villa meaning "rural area", itself derived from the Latin villa rustica. The first part is, as is usually the case, a Germanic personal name. It can be Ambla - a woman's name, or Amblinus - a man's name,[8] or alternatively Amelinus.[9] These anthroponyms are well represented in northern France (see Amblainville, Ablancourt, Amblimont, etc.). The radical amal- is found in the names Amélie and Amaury.

La Motte is a medieval place name meaning "butte" or "mound of earth", attested in medieval Latin in the form motta in 836, for a term of pre-Latin origin *mutt(a).[10] This term also meant once a stately home or castle.[11]

History

The commune has been occupied since ancient times as proto-historic ditches have been found: circular at Moulin du Guineuf and oval at a place called le Guineuf - a rounded shape that may be a tumulus which has been leveled - near the Ambleville church to the east. In the west of the commune fragments of Iron Age vases have been found.[12]

The land of Ambleville was most important and very old, extending over five parishes. Ramnulphe d'Ambleville lived there in 1239 and Arnaud d'Ambleville was quoted in a judgment of 1311. An Ambleville lord was a herald for Joan of Arc. The lands of Ambleville then passed into the Archiac family. the Marquise of Archiac left a daughter, Jacquette, who married Pierre Jourdain and transmitted to him the ownership of Ambleville.

In 1548 during the salt tax revolt, François Jourdain was Baron of Ambleville. Wanting to stand up to sedition he only succeeded in rousing the people against him and was forced to flee. The insurgents seized the Ambleville castle, set it on fire, and reduced it to ashes.

The Jordan family was succeeded by the Jussac family, the best known of whom was François de Jussac, who became captain of fifty men at arms under the orders of the king, then Governor of Cognac and lieutenant-general of Angoumois and Saintonge. In 1621 he lent his support to the Duke of Épernon to raise a body of troops to besiege the city of La Rochelle.

Towards 1643, the Jussac family sold Ambleville to Henri d'Albret, Squire of Pons and Count of Miossens who, a few years later, assigned this land to his third son, François Amanieu who was better known as the Chevalier d'Albret. The latter never married and was killed in a duel by Mr. Saint-Léger Corbon and Ambleville passed to the house of Pons represented by Charles Amanieu the Marquis d'Albret who was his nephew. He shot himself on 5 August 1678 and his widow remarried to Charles, Viscount of Marsan who was the youngest son of the Count of Harcourt. She left all her property to her second husband whose second wife was Thérèse de Goyon-Matignon. Several children were born of this union including Jacques-Henri de Lorraine-Lixin who received a share of the land of Ambleville. He was a General who was killed on 2 June 1734 at the Siege of Philippsbourg in Germany.

Ambleville was then sold to Mr. de Monconseil, a Lieutenant-General whose daughter Cécile married Jean-Frédéric de la Tour du Pin-Gouvernet, Colonel of the Grenadiers of France. The marriage contract was signed by the royal family. Appointed the Member for Saintonge in the States General in 1789, he wholeheartedly accepted the Revolution and was appointed Minister of War on 4 August 1789. During the Terror he was accused of moderation, then arrested, sentenced to death, and executed on 28 April 1794. Under Louis XVIII his son became a peer of France and Ambassador in Turin.[13]

During the Revolution, the rich lordship of Ambleville was completely dismantled. The new authorities did not want Ambleville to retain its political and economic hegemony over the region. It was therefore decided that it would be the smallest commune in the area, keeping only the core of the ancient lordship.

A Tree of Liberty - a lime tree - was planted along the Archiac road towards the village of La Motte. It was cut down in the 1980s.

The commune of Ambleville was provided with a notarial study located in the village of Guineuf. This study was transferred to Segonzac in 1924 after the death in 1919 of the last notary, Alcide Renaud.

Heraldry

 The commune chose as their arms those of the last family who owned the Ambleville manor. This is the arms of the La Tour du Pin family, from Dauphiné.

Blazon:
Quarterly, first and fourth Azure, a tower Argent port the same embattled of 7 pieces and masoned in sable, in chief gules charged with three helmets in profile visor open of Or; second and third Or, a dolphin azure crested, barbed, finned, and eared of gules.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors of Ambleville[14]

Mayors from 1942
From To Name Party Position
1942 1971 Raoul Dupuy
1971 1977 Michel Gignac
1977 1978 Paul Sabourin PRV Lawyer - La Voûte
1978 1983 André Fort SE Farmer - La Voûte
1983 1989 Guy Ménard SE Farmer - La Voûte
1989 1995 Michel Couprie SE Farmer - La Roumade
1995 2014 Noëlle Le Golvan SE Public Hospital Worker
2014 2020 Jean Graveraud

(Not all data is known)

The commune of Ambleville was part of the Canton of Lignières then since 1801 that of Segonzac and of the district then the arrondissement of Cognac.

In 1995 the commune joined the Community of Communes of the Grande Champagne with 11 other communes in the Canton de Segonzac.

In 2011 the municipal budget voted on 4 April 2011 set the local tax rate at 7.46% for the housing tax, 18.80% for housing tax and 45.07% for property tax on buildings. The unified business tax (TPU) was set at the rate of 15.24% as seen in all other communes in the Community of communes of Grande Champagne which is then distributed throughout the territory.[15]

Demography

In 2009 the commune had 191 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known through the population censuses conducted in the town since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of municipalities with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger towns that have a sample survey every year.[Note 1]

Population Change (See database)
1793 1800 1806 1821 1831 1836 1841 1846 1851
345 397 346 410 426 - 438 446 464
1856 1861 1866 1872 1876 1881 1886 1891 1896
458 438 443 411 421 376 351 340 336
1901 1906 1911 1921 1926 1931 1936 1946 1954
333 351 331 306 297 309 285 300 317
1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2007 2008
326 332 286 234 215 214 214 207 197
2009 - - - - - - - -
191 - - - - - - - -

Sources : Ldh/EHESS/Cassini until 1962, INSEE database from 1968 (population without double counting and municipal population from 2006)

Distribution of Age Groups

Percentage Distribution of Age Groups in Ambleville and Charente Department in 2007

Ambleville Ambleville Charente Charente
Age Range Men Women Men Women
0 to 14 Years 17.2 15.8 17.1 15.4
15 to 29 Years 6.5 9.5 16.7 14.7
30 to 44 Years 25.8 17.9 22.3 21.5
45 to 59 Years 20.5 19.9 22.3 21.5
60 to 74 Years 20.4 20.0 15.2 15.8
75 to 89 Years 9.7 16.9 8.2 11.8
90 Years+ 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.6

Sources:

Economy

Agriculture

Viticulture is almost the only resource of the Ambleville economy. A dozen farms were identified in 2011. Approximately 305 hectares of vineyards are planted which is roughly 60% of the communal territory. Six growers sell their production directly.

Shops

A rural baker provides a mobile service in the surrounding hamlets. There is also a bar and a street pizzeria.

Trades in Ambleville are a carpenter-cabinetmaker, a bricklayer, a plasterer, and a garage for cars and agricultural machinery.

Tourism

A rural cottage (4 stars) welcomes tourists to the village of Guineuf.

Facilities, services and local life

Education

The school is an intercommunal educational grouping (RPI) between Ambleville, Lignières-Sonneville, and Criteuil-la-Magdeleine. Lignières-Sonneville accommodates the kindergarten and both Ambleville and Criteuil-la-Magdeleine have elementary schools.[16] The RPI is managed by a SIVOS (School-related Intercommunal Union) which was established in 1979 and took the name of SIVOS of the Great South Champagne. The association brings together these three communes and that of Saint-Palais-du-Né which joined in 2007 and where there has been another school since 2006.

Health

The town has a nurse located in the village of La Motte. Doctors, pharmacy and all other types of service are available in nearby communes. There are many childminders in the commune.

Other services

The commune is connected to the broadband network for Internet connections. The high speed network should have arrived in 2012.

There has been foster care for three elderly residents since 2009.

Associations

Communal associations are:

Culture and heritage

War Memorial

Civil heritage

The commune has many sites that are registered as historical monuments:

  • A Farmhouse at Le Chateau (1) (19th century)[17]
  • A Farmhouse at Le Chateau (2) (19th century)[18]
  • A Farmhouse at Le Chateau (3) (19th century)[19]
  • A Farmhouse at Le Chateau (4) (19th century)[20]
  • A Farmhouse at La Bertillière (1)(1861)[21]
  • A Farmhouse at La Bertillière (2) (1861)[22]
  • A Fortified Chateau (14th century)[23]
  • A Manor at La Voûte (18th century)[24]
  • A Farmhouse at La Roumade (19th century)[25]
  • A Farmhouse at Chez-Guineux (19th century)[26]
  • A Farmhouse at Chez le Court (18th century)[27]
  • A Farmhouse at Chez-Bouyer (18th century)[28]
  • The War Memorial at Le Chateau (1920)[29] is unique in this region where the majority of buildings were built in stone. It is made of dark gray Limousin granite.
  • The Square at Le Chateau (18th century)[30]
  • The Market Building at Le Chateau (19th century)[31]
  • The School at Le Chateau (19th century)[32]
  • Farmhouses (18th-19th centuries)[33]
Other sites of interest

Religious Heritage

Facade of the Church
The Church

The commune has several religious sites that are registered as historical monuments:

The Church of Saint Peter (12th century)[34] was the main element of a Benedictine priory. It was part of the former diocese of Saintes and belonged to the abbey of Baignes. Its nave, which has no pilaster, covered by a ceiling is next to a false square from the 11th century. The choir with a flat chevet is surmounted by a vault from the late 15th century mounted on heavy ribs. Only the choir has three windows, two of them - the north and the south - are broken and one has three transoms and flamboyant latticework. The side walls are pierced with fake square arches leading into two Gothic chapels with two bays extending along the nave. The South has three keyhole arches and three columns with capitals decorated with small leaves from the end of the 14th century.

The Cylindrical baptismal font with ornate ring moldings dates from the 16th century.

The facade has a door and three open arches. The first floor is decorated with three arches. The north chapel has a door with curly brackets on its west wall. Buttresses reinforce the corners of the chapels and the chevet.

The rectangular bell tower is on the first floor with its faces pierced with two bays. The second floor has a rectangular bay and is surmounted by a cornice and a hipped roof on four sides.

The bell, dating from 1639 and classed as a Historic Monument in 1944, unlike many bells, was not melted during the Revolution to make weapons despite the quite revolutionary spirit of the people. The inhabitants of the commune were attached to their bell and its particular tone and convinced the new revolutionary authorities to maintain it, saying it was useful to them to tell them the changes in the new Republican calendar.

The cemetery is located near the church. Previously, it was in front of the church where the current square is. It was moved in the early 1930s to help create the current square which was itself renovated in 2007.

The patron saint of the parish of Ambleville is Saint Eutropius, the first bishop of Saintes and a martyr, whose feast is celebrated on the last Sunday of April as his birthday was on the 30th.[35]

Notable People linked to the commune

See also

Bibliography

External links

Notes and references

Notes

  1. ↑ At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002 , the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" which allow, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For municipalities with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually, the entire territory of these municipalities is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.

References

  1. ↑ Inhabitants of Charente (French)
  2. ↑ Orthodromic Distances on ACME Mapper (French)
  3. 1 2 3 IGN Map on the Géoportail
  4. ↑ Google Maps
  5. ↑ BRGM Map on the Géoportail
  6. ↑ Infoterrain Visualiser, BRGM website (French)
  7. ↑ Printed Notice from Cognac, BRGM, consulted on 20 November 2011
  8. 1 2 Albert Dauzat and Charles Rostaing, Etymological Dictionary of place names in France, Librairie Guénégaud, 1979, Paris, ISBN 2-85023-076-6, passage 14a (French)
  9. 1 2 Ernest Nègre, General Toponymy of France (Read online)
  10. ↑ CNRTL website, etymology of "motte" (French)
  11. ↑ Jean-Marie Cassagne and Stéphane Seguin, Origin of names of towns and villages of Charente, Jean-Michel Bordessoules, 1998, 311 pages, pages 13,192 and 306, ISBN 2-913471-06-4 (French)
  12. ↑ Christian Vernou, The Charente, House of Science and of Man, Paris, coll. "Archeological Maps of Gaul", 1993, 253 p. (ISBN 2-87754-025-1), p. 200
  13. ↑ J.Martin-Buchey, Historical and Communal Geography of the Charente, Vol. II, imp. Coquemard, Angoulême, 1916. (French)
  14. ↑ List of Mayors of France (French)
  15. ↑ Communal Budget of April 2011 and General Treasury of Charente
  16. ↑ Academic Inspection of Charente website (French)
  17. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041955 Farmhouse at Le Chateau (1) (French)
  18. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041956 Farmhouse at Le Chateau (2) (French)
  19. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041957 Farmhouse at Le Chateau (3) (French)
  20. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041958 Farmhouse at Le Chateau (4) (French)
  21. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041950 Farmhouse at La Bertillière (1) (French)
  22. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041951 Farmhouse at La Bertillière (2) (French)
  23. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00042466 Fortified Chateau (French)
  24. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041964 Manor at la Voûte (French)
  25. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041963 Farmhouse at La Roumade (French)
  26. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041962 Farmhouse at Chez-Guineux (French)
  27. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041961 Farmhouse at Chez le Court (French)
  28. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041960 Farmhouse at Chez-Bouyer (French)
  29. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041959 War Memorial at Le Chateau (French)
  30. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041954 Square at Le Chateau (French)
  31. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041953 Market Building at Le Chateau (French)
  32. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041952 School at Le Chateau (French)
  33. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041945 Farmhouses (French)
  34. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00104200 Church of Saint Peter (French)
  35. ↑ Saint Eutropius: Bishop of Saintes and martyr, Nominis, CEF (Catholic Church in France), consulted on 27 August 2011 (French)
  36. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041949 Wayside Cross (French)
  37. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041948 Cemetery Cross (French)
  38. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041947 Cemetery (French)
  39. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00041946 Benedictine Priory of Saint Peter (French)
  40. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM16000006 Bronze bell (French)
  41. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM16000423 Furniture in the Priory (French)
  42. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM16000422 Bronze bell (French)
  43. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM16000421 Flowery Vase (French)
  44. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM16000420 Flowery Vase (French)
  45. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM16000419 Paten (French)
  46. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM16000418 Chalice (French)
  47. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM16000417 Chasuble, Stole, Maniple, Chalice cover, and body purse (French)
  48. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM16000416 Statue: Virgin and child (French)
  49. ↑ Jean-Hippolyte Michon, Monumental Statistics of Charente, Paris, Derache (reprinted in 1980 by Bruno Sépulchre, Paris), 1844, 334 p. (Read online) (French)
  50. ↑ Jean Nanglard, Historic Church Properties of the Diocese of Angoulême, Vol. I, Angoulême, imprimerie Chasseignac, 1894, 683 p. (French)
  51. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM16000415 Tabernacle (French)
  52. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM16000414 Baptismal font (French)
  53. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM16000413 Immersion Baptismal font (French)
  54. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM16000412 Stoup (French)
  55. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM16000411 Altar (French)
  56. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM16000410 Stained glass window: Sacred Heart (French)
  57. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM16000409 Stained glass window: 4 Saints (French)
  58. ↑ Journal l'Humanité August 2009 (French)
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