Elongated triangular tiling

Elongated triangular tiling

TypeSemiregular tiling
Vertex configuration
3.3.3.4.4
Schläfli symbol{3,6}:e
s{}h1{}
Wythoff symbol2 | 2 (2 2)
Coxeter diagram
Symmetrycmm, [∞,2+,∞], (2*22)
Rotation symmetryp2, [∞,2,∞]+, (2222)
Bowers acronymEtrat
DualPrismatic pentagonal tiling
PropertiesVertex-transitive

In geometry, the elongated triangular tiling is a semiregular tiling of the Euclidean plane. There are three triangles and two squares on each vertex. It is named as a triangular tiling elongated by rows of squares, and given Schläfli symbol {3,6}:e.

Conway calls it a isosnub quadrille.[1]

There are 3 regular and 8 semiregular tilings in the plane. This tiling is similar to the snub square tiling which also has 3 triangles and two squares on a vertex, but in a different order.

Construction

It is also the only uniform tiling that can't be created as a Wythoff construction. It can be constructed as alternate layers of apeirogonal prisms and apeirogonal antiprisms.

Uniform colorings

There is one uniform colorings of an elongated triangular tiling. Two 2-uniform colorings have a single vertex figure, 11123, with two colors of squares, but are not 1-uniform, repeated either by reflection or glide reflection, or in general each row of squares can be shifted around independently. The 2-uniform tilings are also called Archimedean colorings. There are infinite variations of these Archimedean colorings by arbitrary shifts in the square row colorings.

11122 (1-uniform) 11123 (2-uniform or 1-Archimedean)
cmm (2*22) pmg (22*) pgg (22×)

Circle packing

The elongated triangular tiling can be used as a circle packing, placing equal diameter circles at the center of every point. Every circle is in contact with 5 other circles in the packing (kissing number).[2]

It is first in a series of symmetry mutations[3] with hyperbolic uniform tilings with 2*n2 orbifold notation symmetry, vertex figure 4.n.4.3.3.3, and Coxeter diagram . Their duals have hexagonal faces in the hyperbolic plane, with face configuration V4.n.4.3.3.3.

Symmetry mutation 2*n2 of uniform tilings: 4.n.4.3.3.3
4.2.4.3.3.3 4.3.4.3.3.3 4.4.4.3.3.3
2*22 2*32 2*42
or or

There are four related 2-uniform tilings, mixing 2 or 3 rows of triangles or squares.[4][5]

Double elongated Triple elongated Half elongated One third elongated

Prismatic pentagonal tiling

Prismatic pentagonal tiling
TypeDual uniform tiling
Coxeter diagram
Facesirregular pentagons
Face configurationV3.3.3.4.4
Symmetry groupcmm, [∞,2+,∞], (2*22)
Rotation groupp2, [∞,2,∞]+, (2222)
DualElongated triangular tiling
Propertiesface-transitive

The prismatic pentagonal tiling is a dual uniform tiling in the Euclidean plane. It is one of 15 known isohedral pentagon tilings. It can be seen as a stretched hexagonal tiling with a set of parallel bisecting lines through the hexagons.

Conway calls it a iso(4-)pentille.[1] Each of its pentagonal faces has three 120° and two 90° angles.

It is related to the Cairo pentagonal tiling with face configuration V3.3.4.3.4.

Geometric variations

Monohedral pentagonal tiling type 6 has the same topology, but two edge lengths and a lower p2 (2222) wallpaper group symmetry:


a=d=e, b=c
B+D=180°, 2B=E

There are four related 2-uniform dual tilings, mixing in rows of squares or hexagons.

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 Conway, 2008, p.288 table
  2. Order in Space: A design source book, Keith Critchlow, p.74-75, circle pattern F
  3. Two Dimensional symmetry Mutations by Daniel Huson
  4. Chavey, D. (1989). "Tilings by Regular PolygonsII: A Catalog of Tilings". Computers & Mathematics with Applications. 17: 147165. doi:10.1016/0898-1221(89)90156-9.
  5. http://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/symmetry/uniftil.htm

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Uniform tiling 3-3-3-4-4.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Prismatic pentagonal tiling.

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