United States elections, 2016

2016 United States elections

Presidential election year
Election day	November 8, 2016
Presidential election
Electoral vote
Donald Trump (R)	306
Hillary Clinton (D)	232
Presidential election results map. Red denotes states projected for Trump/Pence; Blue denotes those projected for Clinton/Kaine. Numbers indicate electoral votes alloted to the winner of each state. The electoral college will vote on December 19, 2016. ^* 3 of Maine's electoral votes have been projected for Clinton/Kaine while 1 of the state's electoral votes has been projected for Trump/Pence.
Senate elections
Seats contested	34 seats of Class III
2016 Senate results      Democratic hold      Democratic pickup      Republican hold      Runoff (TBD)
House elections
Seats contested	All 435 voting-member seats to the 115th Congress and all 6 non-voting delegate seats
Map of the 2016 House races (delegate races not shown) Democratic-held seats:   Democratic hold   Democratic gain Republican-held seats:   Republican hold   Republican gain Others:   Race has not been called   Runoff pending
Gubernatorial elections
Seats contested	14 (12 states, 2 territories)
Net change	Republican +2 or +3

The 2016 United States elections were held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016. During this presidential election year, the President of the United States and Vice President were elected. In addition, elections were held for all 435 voting-member seats in the United States House of Representatives (as well as all 6 non-voting delegate seats) and 34 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate. The Republican Party retained its majorities in the House and Senate. Twelve state governorships, two territorial governorships, and numerous other state and local elections were also contested.

Federal elections

Presidential election

The United States presidential election of 2016 was the 58th quadrennial U.S. presidential election. The current electoral vote distribution was determined by the 2010 census. Presidential electors who will elect the President and Vice President of the United States were chosen; a simple majority (270) of the 538 electoral votes are required to win the election. The incumbent president, Barack Obama (Democrat), was ineligible to be elected to a third term due to term limits established by the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution. Businessman and reality television personality Donald Trump of New York became the Republican Party's presidential nominee on July 19, 2016, after defeating Texas Senator Ted Cruz, Ohio Governor John Kasich, Florida Senator Marco Rubio, and several other candidates in the Republican primary elections.^[1] Former Secretary of State and New York Senator Hillary Clinton became the Democratic Party's presidential nominee on July 26, 2016 after defeating Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders and others in the Democratic primary elections. This was the first election with a female presidential nominee from a major political party. It was also the first election since 1944 that had major party presidential nominees from the same home state. Donald Trump defeated Hillary Clinton, 306–232 in pledged electors in the electoral college.

Congressional elections

Senate elections

All seats in Senate Class 3 were up for election. Additionally, special elections may be held to fill vacancies in the other two Senate Classes. Republicans maintained their majority of seats.

House of Representatives elections

All 435 voting seats in the United States House of Representatives were up for election. Additionally, elections were held to select the Delegate for the District of Columbia as well as the delegates from U.S. territories. This includes the Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico, who serves a four-year term. The Republicans maintained their majority of seats.

State elections

Gubernatorial elections

Elections were held for the governorships of twelve of the fifty U.S. states and two U.S. territories. A special election was held in Oregon after the resignation of John Kitzhaber as Governor.

Legislative elections

In 2016, 44 states held state legislative elections; 86 of the 99 chambers were up for election. Only six states were not holding state legislative elections: Louisiana, Mississippi, New Jersey, and Virginia hold legislative elections in odd-numbered years, while Alabama and Maryland hold their next legislative elections in 2018.^[1]

Other elections and ballot measures

Many states also held elections for other elected offices, such as attorney general. Many states held ballot measures.

Local elections

Mayoral elections

Mayoral elections were held in many cities, including:

• Baltimore, Maryland: Incumbent Democrat Stephanie Rawlings-Blake will not seek re-election.^[2]
• Honolulu, Hawaii: Incumbent Kirk Caldwell is seeking re-election.^[3]
• Milwaukee, Wisconsin: As per the result of the primary election held on February 16, incumbent Tom Barrett will face Alderman Bob Donovan in the general mayoral election on April 5.^[4] The office is not partisan.
• Portland, Oregon: Incumbent Charlie Hales will not seek re-election.^[5] The office is not partisan.
• Richmond, Virginia: Incumbent Dwight C. Jones is term-limited and cannot seek re-election. The office is not partisan.
• Sacramento, California: Incumbent Kevin Johnson will not seek re-election.^[6] The office is not partisan.
• San Diego, California: Incumbent Kevin Faulconer is expected to run for a second term as mayor. The office is not partisan.

Table of state, territorial, and federal results

This table shows the partisan results of Congressional, gubernatorial, presidential, and state legislative races held in each state and territory in 2016. Note that not all states and territories hold gubernatorial, state legislative, and United States Senate elections in 2016; additionally, the territories do not have electoral votes in American presidential elections, and neither Washington, D.C. nor the territories elect members of the United States Senate. Washington, D.C. and the five inhabited territories each elect one non-voting member of the United States House of Representatives. Nebraska's unicameral legislature and the governorship and legislature of American Samoa are officially non-partisan. In the table, offices/legislatures that are not up for election in 2016 are already filled in for the "after 2016 elections" section, although vacancies or party switching could potentially lead to a flip in partisan control.

Subdivision and PVI[7]		Before 2016 elections[8]				After 2016 elections[9]
Subdivision	PVI	Governor	State leg.	US Senate	US House	Pres.	Governor	State leg.	US Senate	US House
Alabama	R+14	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 6-1	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 6-1
Alaska	R+12	Ind	Rep	Rep	Rep 1-0	Rep	Ind	Rep	Rep	Rep 1-0
Arizona	R+7	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 5-4	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 5-4
Arkansas	R+14	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 4-0	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 4-0
California	D+9	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem 39-14	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem TBD
Colorado	D+1	Dem	Split	Split	Rep 4-3	Dem	Dem	Split	Split	Rep 4-3
Connecticut	D+7	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem 5-0	Dem	Dem	Split	Dem	Dem 5-0
Delaware	D+8	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem 1-0	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem 1-0
Florida	R+2	Rep	Rep	Split	Rep 17-10	Rep	Rep	Rep	Split	Rep 16-11
Georgia	R+6	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 10-4	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 10-4
Hawaii	D+20	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem 2-0	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem 2-0
Idaho	R+18	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 2-0	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 2-0
Illinois	D+8	Rep	Dem	Split	Dem 10-8	Dem	Rep	Dem	Dem	Dem 11-7
Indiana	R+5	Rep	Rep	Split	Rep 7-2	Rep	Rep	Rep	Split	Rep 7-2
Iowa	D+1	Rep	Split	Rep	Rep 3-1	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 3-1
Kansas	R+12	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 4-0	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 4-0
Kentucky	R+13	Rep	Split	Rep	Rep 5-1	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 5-1
Louisiana	R+12	Dem	Rep	Rep	Rep 5-1	Rep	Dem	Rep	TBD	TBD
Maine	D+5	Rep	Split	Split R/I[10]	Split 1-1	Dem	Rep	Split	Split R/I[10]	Split 1-1
Maryland	D+10	Rep	Dem	Dem	Dem 7-1	Dem	Rep	Dem	Dem	Dem 7-1
Massachusetts	D+10	Rep	Dem	Dem	Dem 9-0	Dem	Rep	Dem	Dem	Dem 9-0
Michigan	D+4	Rep	Rep	Dem	Rep 9-5		Rep	Rep	Dem	Rep 9-5
Minnesota	D+2	Dem	Split	Dem	Dem 5-3	Dem	Dem	Rep	Dem	Dem 5-3
Mississippi	R+9	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 3-1	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 3-1
Missouri	R+5	Dem	Rep	Split	Rep 6-2	Rep	Rep	Rep	Split	Rep 6-2
Montana	R+7	Dem	Rep	Split	Rep 1-0	Rep	Dem	Rep	Split	Rep 1-0
Nebraska	R+12	Rep	NP	Rep	Rep 2-1	Rep	Rep	NP	Rep	Rep 3-0
Nevada	D+2	Rep	Rep	Split	Rep 3-1	Dem	Rep	Dem	Split	Dem 3-1
New Hampshire	D+1	Dem	Rep	Split	Split 1-1		Rep	Rep	Dem	Dem 2-0
New Jersey	D+6	Rep	Dem	Dem	Split 6-6	Dem	Rep	Dem	Dem	Dem 7-5
New Mexico	D+4	Rep	Split	Dem	Dem 2-1	Dem	Rep	Dem	Dem	Dem 2-1
New York	D+11	Dem	Split[11]	Dem	Dem 18-9	Dem	Dem	Split	Dem	Dem 18-9
North Carolina	R+3	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 10-3	Rep		Rep	Rep	Rep 10-3
North Dakota	R+10	Rep	Rep	Split	Rep 1-0	Rep	Rep	Rep	Split	Rep 1-0
Ohio	R+1	Rep	Rep	Split	Rep 12-4	Rep	Rep	Rep	Split	Rep 12-4
Oklahoma	R+19	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 5-0	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 5-0
Oregon	D+5	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem 4-1	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem 4-1
Pennsylvania	D+1	Dem	Rep	Split	Rep 13-5	Rep	Dem	Rep	Split	Rep 13-5
Rhode Island	D+11	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem 2-0	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem 2-0
South Carolina	R+8	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 6-1	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 6-1
South Dakota	R+10	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 1-0	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 1-0
Tennessee	R+12	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 7-2	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 7-2
Texas	R+10	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 25-11	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 25-11
Utah	R+22	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 4-0	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 4-0
Vermont	D+16	Dem	Dem	Split D/I[12]	Dem 1-0	Dem	Rep	Dem	Split D/I[12]	Dem 1-0
Virginia	Even	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep 8-3	Dem	Dem	Rep	Dem	Rep 7-4
Washington	D+5	Dem	Split[11]	Dem	Dem 6-4	Dem	Dem	Split	Dem	Dem 6-4
West Virginia	R+13	Dem	Rep	Split	Rep 3-0	Rep	Dem	Rep	Split	Rep 3-0
Wisconsin	D+2	Rep	Rep	Split	Rep 5-3	Rep	Rep	Rep	Split	Rep 5-3
Wyoming	R+22	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 1-0	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 1-0
United States	Even	Rep 31-18	Rep 30-11	Rep 54-46[13]	Rep 247-188	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep 52-48[13]	Rep
Washington, D.C.	D+40	Dem[14]	Dem	N/A	Dem	Dem	Dem[14]	Dem	N/A	Dem
American Samoa	N/A	NP	NP		Rep	N/A	NP	NP		Rep
Guam		Rep	Dem		Dem		Rep			Dem
N. Mariana Islands		Rep	Split		Ind		Rep			Ind
Puerto Rico		PDP	PDP		PNP/Dem		PNP			PNP/Rep
U.S. Virgin Islands		Ind	Dem		Dem		Ind	Dem		Dem
Subdivision	PVI	Governor	State leg.	US Senate	US House	Pres.	Governor	State leg.	US Senate	US House
Subdivision and PVI		Before 2016 elections				After 2016 elections

References

1. Warnock, Kae (11 March 2016). "2016 Legislative Races by State and Legislative Chamber". National Conference of State Legislatures. Retrieved 17 May 2016.
2. "Baltimore Mayor Rawlings-Blake says she won't seek re-election". Fox News. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
3. "Caldwell Has $1.6M For Re-Election". Honolulu Civil Beat. February 2, 2016.
4. "Tom Barrett, Bob Donovan finalists for Milwaukee mayor race". WTMJ. February 16, 2016.
5. Theen, Andrew (October 26, 2015). "Portland Mayor Charlie Hales withdraws re-election bid". OregonLive. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
6. "Sacramento Mayor Kevin Johnson won't run for another term". Los Angeles Times. October 21, 2015.
7. "Partisan Voter Index by State, 1994-2014" (PDF). Cook Political Report. Retrieved 19 May 2016. PVI in 2014
8. "2016 State and Legislative Partisan Composition" (PDF). National Conference of State Legislatures. Retrieved 17 May 2016.
9. "2016 PRE- AND POST-ELECTION STATE LEGISLATIVE CONTROL". National Conference of State Legislatures. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
10. One of Maine's Senators is a Republican, the other (Angus King) is an independent who has caucused with the Democrats in since taking office in 2013.
11. In New York and Washington, Democrats control the House and a coalition of Republicans and Democrats control the Senate.
12. One of Vermont's Senators is a Democrat, the other (Bernie Sanders) was elected as an independent but has caucused with the Democrats since taking office in 2007.
13. Including two Independents who caucus with the Democrats.
14. Washington, D.C. does not elect a governor, but it does elect a mayor.