Somerset County, Pennsylvania

Somerset County, Pennsylvania

Somerset County Courthouse

Seal
Map of Pennsylvania highlighting Somerset County
Location in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania
Map of the United States highlighting Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania's location in the U.S.
Founded April 17, 1795
Named for Somerset
Seat Somerset
Largest borough Somerset
Area
 • Total 1,081 sq mi (2,800 km2)
 • Land 1,074 sq mi (2,782 km2)
 • Water 6.6 sq mi (17 km2), 0.6%
Population (est.)
 • (2015) 75,522
 • Density 70/sq mi (27/km²)
Congressional districts 9th, 12th
Time zone Eastern: UTC-5/-4
Website www.co.somerset.pa.us
Somerset County Courthouse

Somerset County is a county located in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census, the population was 77,742.[1] Its county seat is Somerset.[2] The county was created on April 17, 1795, from part of Bedford County and named after Somerset, United Kingdom.

Somerset County comprises the Somerset, PA Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Johnstown-Somerset, PA Combined Statistical Area.

History

Formation of Somerset County

Southwestern Pennsylvania began as a huge area called Cumberland County. As population increased, the area was split into smaller counties. Bedford County was formed from part from Cumberland in 1771 and is referred to as "Old Bedford County" and contained what are now 20 smaller counties. In 1773 part of Bedford County was split off to form Westmoreland County. In 1787 Bedford County was split in half with northern part becoming Huntingdon County and southern part remained as a smaller Bedford County. Somerset County was split off from western part Bedford County 17 April 1795. In 1804 the northern half of Somerset County was split off to form Cambria County. No further splits from Somerset County occurred since 1804.[3]

Early History

George Washington passed through the area of Somerset County in 1753 on a scouting expedition at the beginning of the French-Indian War.[4] The Forbes Road cuts through Somerset County. This 200-mile stretch from Carlisle to what is now Pittsburgh was created by Brigadier General John Forbes in the British Expedition of 1758 to Fort Duquesne. Forbes Ford was one of two great western land routes cut through the wilderness to create supply lines from the east.[5] It was later the primary route of pioneers travelling to Ohio Country.

Fur trappers and hunters were first to stay in the region. The earliest permanent white settlement in what is now Somerset County is a region known as Turkeyfoot. People of "The Jersey Settlement" emigrated from Essex and Morris Counties, New Jersey about 1770.[6]

Somerset County in the Modern Day News

Somerset County gained worldwide attention in 2001 when a hijacked airliner, United Airlines Flight 93, crashed in Stonycreek Township, near the town of Shanksville as part of the September 11 Terrorist Attacks. The most likely target of this flight was the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C. The terrorists' plans for this plane were thwarted by the actions of the passengers and crew. Their bravery is honored and the crash site, which is the final resting place of the passengers and crew, is now protected as part of the Flight 93 National Memorial, under the care of the National Park System. See also USS Somerset, a U.S. Navy warship which was named in commemoration of the Flight 93 tragedy.

In July 2002, Somerset County again made worldwide news when nine coal miners were rescued from several hundred feet underground at the Quecreek mine after an intense multi-day struggle.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,081 square miles (2,800 km2), of which 1,074 square miles (2,780 km2) is land and 6.6 square miles (17 km2) (0.6%) is water.[7] Somerset County is one of the far southern counties of Pennsylvania, along its straight southern edge. The county borders Garrett and Allegany Counties in Maryland, and the Pennsylvania counties of Fayette, Westmoreland, Cambria, and Bedford.

Climate

Somerset County along with Garrett County is one of the snowiest inhabited locations in the United States, with the highest elevations of the county averaging 150+ inches of snow each winter. The county's elevation and general proximity to both the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean causes snow from both Nor'easters and lake effect upslope snow events to fall from late October through early April. Snow has been recorded in Somerset County in every month except July, although local lore has it that even July saw snow in 1816, "the year without a summer." Mount Davis, the highest natural point in the state of Pennsylvania at 3,213 feet (979 m), is located in the southern part of the County.

Major highways

Adjacent counties

National protected area

State protected areas

Geology

Somerset County is situated along the eastern border of the Allegheny Plateau physiographic province, which is characterized by gently folded to flat-lying sedimentary rocks of middle to late Paleozoic age. The eastern border of the county is approximately at the Allegheny Front, a geological boundary between the Allegheny Plateau and the Ridge and Valley Province (characterized by folded and faulted sedimentary rocks of early to middle Paleozoic age).[8]

The stratigraphic record of sedimentary rocks within the county spans from the Devonian Scherr Formation to the Pennsylvanian Monongahela Formation. Most of these rocks are clastics (conglomerate, sandstone, shale), and there is little or no limestone exposed at the surface. No igneous or metamorphic rocks of any kind exist within the county.

Structurally, Somerset County has many gentle folds, the axes of which trend roughly north-northeast. Synclines include the Youghiogheny Syncline, New Lexington/Johnstown Syncline, Somerset Syncline, Berlin Syncline, and Wellersburg Syncline (called the George's Creek Syncline in Maryland). The southern end of Wilmore Syncline is at the town of Windber. Anticlines include the Laurel Hill Anticline, Centerville Dome, Boswell Dome, Negro Mountain Anticline, and an unnamed anticline between the Berlin and Wellersburg Synclines.

The primary mountains within the county are (from west to east) Laurel Hill (which forms part of the western border), Negro Mountain, Meadow Mountain, Savage Mountain, and Allegheny Mountain. Negro Mountain also includes Mount Davis, the highest peak in Pennsylvania. Each mountain trends northeast.

All of Somerset County lies far to the south of the glacial boundary, and thus it was never glaciated.[9] However, during the Pleistocene epoch (the Ice Age), periglacial processes dominated. Most of the county was most likely a tundra during the Pleistocene. Patterned ground typical of tundra is still visible at Mount Davis, although it is somewhat obscured by vegetation.

The main drainages in southwestern Somerset county are the Casselman River and Laurel Hill Creek which flow into the Youghiogheny River along the southwest border. In the northwest, Stonycreek River, Shade Creek, and Quemahoning Creek (which flows into the Quemahoning Reservoir) are tributaries of the Conemaugh River. All these drainages are part of the Mississippi River Watershed. In the southeast, Wills Creek flows east into Bedford County and then into Maryland where it joins the Potomac River. Also, the headwaters of the Raystown Branch of the Juniata River are to the east of the town of Somerset. Both the Potomac and Juniata rivers are part of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed.

Coal fields exist within Somerset County. The coal is entirely bituminous, and much of it has been mined or is being mined by Strip mining. Most of the coal is within the Main Bituminous Field, which stretched north and west to adjacent counties and southward into Maryland and West Virginia. The rest is within the Georges Creek Field.[10]

There are many abandoned mines in the county, and acid mine drainage is an environmental problem in many areas. Fishless streams exist as a result of the discharge from the abandoned mines. These include parts of the Casselman River, Shade Creek, Stonycreek River, and Quemahoning Creek, as well as many of their tributaries.[11]

There are many small, deep natural gas fields in the northwestern part of the county.[12]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
180010,188—
181011,28410.8%
182013,97423.8%
183017,76227.1%
184019,65010.6%
185024,41624.3%
186026,7789.7%
187028,2265.4%
188033,11017.3%
189037,31712.7%
190049,46132.5%
191067,71736.9%
192082,11221.3%
193080,764−1.6%
194084,9575.2%
195081,813−3.7%
196077,450−5.3%
197076,037−1.8%
198081,2436.8%
199078,218−3.7%
200080,0232.3%
201077,742−2.9%
Est. 201575,522[13]−2.9%
U.S. Decennial Census[14]
1790-1960[15] 1900-1990[16]
1990-2000[17] 2010-2013[1]

As of the census[18] of 2000, there were 80,023 people, 31,222 households, and 22,042 families residing in the county. The population density was 74 people per square mile (29/km²). There were 37,163 housing units at an average density of 35 per square mile (13/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 97.39% White, 1.59% Black or African American, 0.08% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.31% from other races, and 0.40% from two or more races. 0.66% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 41.5% were of German, 10.4% American, 7.4% Italian, 6.4% Irish, 6.4% Polish and 5.8% English ancestry according to Census 2000.

There were 31,222 households out of which 29.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.30% were married couples living together, 8.50% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.40% were non-families. 26.10% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the county, the population was spread out with 22.30% under the age of 18, 7.60% from 18 to 24, 27.80% from 25 to 44, 24.30% from 45 to 64, and 18.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 99.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.90 males.

Micropolitan Statistical Area

Map of the Johnstown-Somerset, PA Combined Statistical Area (CSA), composed of the following parts:

The United States Office of Management and Budget[19] has designated Somerset County as the Somerset, PA Micropolitan Statistical Area (µSA). As of the 2010 U.S. Census[20] the micropolitan area ranked 7th most populous in the State of Pennsylvania and the 77th most populous in the United States with a population of 77,742. Somerset County is also a part of the Johnstown-Somerset, PA Combined Statistical Area (CSA), which combines the population of both Somerset County and the Cambria County areas. The Combined Statistical Area ranked 10th in the State of Pennsylvania and 130th most populous in the United States with a population of 221,421.

Government and politics

As of November 2010, there are 53,527 registered voters in Somerset County.[21]

County Commissioners

Other county offices

State Representatives

State Senator

US Representative

Pennsylvania State Police

Education

Public school districts

Map of Somerset County, Pennsylvania School Districts

Culture

The Mountain Playhouse in Jennerstown, Pennsylvania, was one of the nation's first "summer-stock" theaters. The Mountain Playhouse has maintained a full schedule of live theater productions nightly from May through October each year for the last sixty years.

Laurel Arts is one of the few, full-service arts centers in rural Pennsylvania. Centered in Somerset borough, it serves all of Somerset County through two locations: one at the Philip Dressler Center for the Arts, and the second, an Education and Dance Center located in the Georgian Place. Founded in 1976, Laurel Arts is a 501(c)(3) that offers art classes, music lessons and dance classes, as well as hosting exhibits by local and regional artists throughout the year.

The Rockwood Opera House is located in Rockwood, Pennsylvania. The building is a historic landmark restored to reflect original design from 1890. Since reopening, Rockwood Opera House has hosted dinner theater since 2000. Productions vary from Tribute Artists of classic performers to community theater.

Communities

Map of Somerset County, Pennsylvania with Municipal Labels showing Boroughs (red), Townships (white), and Census-designated places (blue).

Under Pennsylvania law, there are four types of incorporated municipalities: cities, boroughs, townships, and, in at most two cases, towns. The following boroughs and townships are located in Somerset County:

Boroughs

Townships

Census-designated places

Census-designated places are geographical areas designated by the U.S. Census Bureau for the purposes of compiling demographic data. They are not actual jurisdictions under Pennsylvania law. Other unincorporated communities, such as villages, may be listed here as well.

Unincorporated communities

Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of Somerset County.[20]

† county seat

Rank City/Town/etc. Municipal type Population (2010 Census)

1 † Somerset Borough 6,277
2 Windber Borough 4,138
3 Meyersdale Borough 2,184
4 Berlin Borough 2,104
5 Friedens CDP 1,523
6 Boswell Borough 1,277
7 Davidsville CDP 1,130
8 Central City Borough 1,124
9 Paint Borough 1,023
10 Jerome CDP 1,017
11 Rockwood Borough 890
12 Confluence Borough 780
13 Salisbury Borough 727
14 Jennerstown Borough 695
15 Hooversville Borough 645
16 Cairnbrook CDP 520
17 Garrett Borough 456
18 Indian Lake Borough 394
19 Stoystown Borough 355
20 Shanksville Borough 237
21 Ursina Borough 225
22 Addison Borough 207
23 Benson Borough 191
24 Wellersburg Borough 181
25 New Baltimore Borough 180
26 New Centerville Borough 133
27 Casselman Borough 94
28 Edie CDP 83
29 Callimont Borough 41
30 Seven Springs (partially in Fayette County) Borough 26

Notable people

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 22, 2013.
  2. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  3. ↑ "State and County Maps of Pennsylvania". MapofUS.org. Retrieved 2016-10-23.
  4. ↑ "Washington and the French & Indian War". George Washington's Mount Vernon. Retrieved 2016-10-23.
  5. ↑ "Forbes Road Historical Marker".
  6. ↑ "History of Bedford and Somerset Counties, Chapter 4, Volume 2". www.pagenweb.org. Retrieved 2016-10-23.
  7. ↑ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
  8. ↑ PA Geological Survey Map 13
  9. ↑ PA Geological Survey Map 59
  10. ↑ PA Geological Survey Map 7
  11. ↑
  12. ↑ PA Geological Survey Map 10
  13. ↑ "County Totals Dataset: Population, Population Change and Estimated Components of Population Change: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Retrieved July 2, 2016.
  14. ↑ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
  15. ↑ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
  16. ↑ Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 24, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
  17. ↑ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
  18. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  19. ↑ http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb
  20. 1 2 http://www.census.gov/2010census/
  21. ↑ http://www.dos.state.pa.us/elections/lib/elections/055_voter_registration_statistics/currentstats/currentvotestats.xls
  22. ↑ "MILLER, Howard Shultz, (1879 - 1970)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
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Coordinates: 39°58′N 79°02′W / 39.97°N 79.03°W / 39.97; -79.03

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